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Physical Science Week 2
Physical Science Week 2
PHYSICAL SCIENCE 12
Quarter 1, Week 2
Explain how the concept of atomic number led to the synthesis of new
elements in the Laboratory (S11/12PS-IIIB-11)
General Reminders:
1. Please handle this learning activity sheet (LAS) with care.
2. Use attached answer sheet in writing your answers.
3. Follow IATF Health Protocols when returning and or getting LAS.
Explore
Direction: Identify the key term referred in each statement. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
__________1. The sum of the number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an
atom.
__________2. It refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of an element.
Learn
In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. Thus,
atomic number is equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom. For instance,
aluminum has an atomic number of 13, meaning each neutral atom of aluminum
has 13 protons and 13 electrons. In general, the acceptable representation of
atomic number is this symbol, capital Z. The total number of neutrons and protons
in the nucleus of an atom referred mass number. The mass number represents by
this symbol, capital A.
X
Where:
X is element symbol
A is the mass number
Z is the atomic number
Mass number (A) = number of protons (p+) + number of neutrons (n 0)
= Atomic number (Z) + number of neutrons (n 0) Atomic
number (Z) = number of protons (p+) = number of electrons (e-)
Number of neutrons (n0) = Mass number (A) - number of protons (p+)
Note:
Protons are positive charge, electrons are negative charge and neutrons are neutral
or no charge.
Let us try this
Fill in what is missing in the ZApen table.
Element
Z A (p+) (e-) (n0)
Symbol
Mg 12 24 12 12 12
Al 13 27 13 13 14
For Mg:
no = A - p+
= 24 – 12
= 12
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For Al: p+ is 13 = A and #e- which is 13
A = p + no
= 13 + 14
= 27
The synthesis of new elements
Most of the elements are found naturally, but there are some elements can be
produced in the laboratories. The scientists used particle accelerator to synthesize
new synthetic elements. The particle accelerator is a device used to speed up the
electrically charged atomic particles or subatomic particles by using magnetic and
electrical fields.
In 1930, the element 92, Uranium was the heaviest element discovered at that
time. The eagerness of scientists to study and discover the behavior and
characteristics of the elements challenged them to create new elements. By the year
1937, Ernest Lawrence used linear particle accelerator in creating element 43 by
bombarding the atoms of molybdenum with atomic number 42 with fast moving
electrons. He named this element 43 as Technetium. The first man-made element.
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Engage
Activity 1
Direction: Fill in what is missing in the ZA pen table. Use a separate sheet of
paper for your answer.
Element
Z A (p+) (e) (n0)
Symbol
Ar 18 40
O 8 8
N 7 7
P 15 25
Bi 83 126
Be 4 9
Mo 42 54
Activity 2
A B
Activity 3
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Direction: Using the periodic table of elements. Determine the atomic number and
predict the name of element and element symbol from the given number of
electrons. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.
Number of
Atomic Number Element name Element symbol
electrons
29
30
19
14
26
Apply
Directions: Multiple Choice. Read and analyze each question. Write the letter that
corresponds to your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
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technetium to uranium
b. Fast moving alpha particle to d. Chemical particle accelerator
plutonium to neptunium
9. A particle that is composed of a proton and neutron.
a. Cyclotron c. Deuteron
b. Dendeteron d. Celeron
10.Which of the following elements is belong to the family of transuranium
elements?
a. Carbon c. Molybdenum
b. Technetium d. Plutonium
Prepared by:
RUEL L. RINCONADA55
Teacher
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