Electrical circuits &

networks
Faculty: Sreekala V M
 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS & NETWORKS

● I, V, R - DEFINITION & UNITS

● LAWS OF RESISTANCE - SP.

SYLLABUS FOR RESISTANCE

●
SUB ENGINEER - KSEB
CONDUCTANCE & CONDUCTIVITY

● EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON

RESISTANCE

● DC CIRCUITS - OHMS LAW, SERIES

- PARALLEL CIRCUITS

● NETWORK THEOREMS

● ENERGY & POWER

● HEATING EFFECT OF CURRENT

 In a Glance

✓ POWER & ENERGY

✓ PROBLEMS

✓ NETWORK THEOREMS
 Questions

Q) The power dissipated in a resistor can be calculated in terms of

conductance as

a) I2 G b) I2 /G c) G2 /I d) None of the above

 Power

✓ Bulbs in parallel , P= P1+P2

✓ Bulbs in series , P= P1*P2/(P1+P2)

VIMP series - parallel comparison

Term Series Parallel

R1, R2, Rtotal Rtotal= R1+R2 1/Rtotal =1/R1 + 1/ R2

Voltage division Voltage same

Current same Current division

P1, P2, Ptotal 1/Ptotal =1/P1 + 1/ P2 Ptotal = P1 + P2

BULBS Low power (High R High power (Low R

bulb)- brighter bulb) - brighter
 Questions

Q) Two bulbs 200 W and 100 W are connected across 220 V supply
in series. Find the power consumed by both bulbs
a) 66.66 W b) 400 W c) 300 W d) 100 W

Bulbs in series , P= P1*P2/(P1+P2)

 Questions

Q) Two bulbs 200 W and 100 W are connected across 220 V

supply in parallel. Find the power consumed by both bulbs
a) 66.66 W b) 400 W c) 300 W d) 100 W

Bulbs in parallel , P= P1+P2

 Questions

Q) Two bulbs when connected in parallel to a source take 100W

each.The total power consumed when they are connected in series
with the same source is?
a) 50 W b) 400 W c) 100 W d) 200 W

Bulbs in series , P= P1*P2/(P1+P2)

 Questions

Q) A bulb has a power of 300W. What is the energy dissipated by it in

5 minutes?
a) 90 kJ b) 90 J c) 1 kJ d)900 J

5 min= 5*60 = 300 sec

 Questions

Q) When a 60w 220v bulb and a 100w 220v bulb are connected in series
then which bulb will glow brighter?

a) 60 W b) 100 W c) Both have same brightness d)none of the above

R of 60 W bulb > R of 100 W bulb
In series, the current through both bulbs is same.
60 W bulb will be more brighter because P = I2R
 Questions

Q) When a 60w 220v bulb and a 100w 220v bulb are connected in parallel
then which bulb will glow brighter?

a) 100 W b) 60 W c) Both have same brightness d)none of the above

R of 60 W bulb > R of 100 W bulb

When they are connected in parallel the voltage across both bulbs are same.
100 W bulb will be more brighter because P = V2/R
 Questions

Q) Calculate the work done in a resistor of 20 ohm carrying 5A of

current in 3 hours.

a) 1.5kWh b) 1500 W c) 1.5 kW d) 500 W

5*5*20*3 =1500Wh= 1.5kWh

 Questions

Q) If a 500 W machine works for 10 hours, then determine the

amount of energy consumption?

a) 5 kWh b) 5000 W c) 500 wh d)none of the above

 Questions

Q) A current of 5A flows in a resistor of 2 ohms. Calculate the energy

dissipated in 300 seconds in the resistor.

a) 15 kJ b) 15000 kJ c) 15000 Wh d)none of the above

 Questions

Q) If there are two bulbs connected in series and one blows out, what
happens to the other bulb?
a) The other bulb continues to glow with the same brightness
b) The other bulb stops glowing
c) The other bulb glows with increased brightness
d) The other bulb also burns out

If the two bulbs are connected in series, if the first bulb burns out
there is a break in the circuit and hence the second bulb does not
glow.
 Questions

Q) If there are two bulbs connected in Parallel and one blows out,
what happens to the other bulb?

a) The other bulb continues to glow with the same brightness

b) The other bulb stops glowing
c) The other bulb glows with increased brightness
d) The other bulb also burns out
 Questions

Q) Electric pressure is also called as

a) Voltage
b) Current
c) Resistance
d) None of the above
 Questions

Q) The substances which have a large number of free electrons and

offer a low resistance are called

a) Conductor
b) Semiconductor
c) Insulator
d) None of the above
 Questions

Q) The property of a conductor due to which it passes current is

called

a) conductance
b) admittance
c) Resistance
d) None of the above
 Questions

Q) Reciprocal of the conductance is called

a) Admittance
b) Impedance
c) Resistance
d) None of the above
 Questions

Q) SI unit of conductivity of the material

a) Ω-1m-1
b) mΩ-1
c) Ωm
d) Ω-1
 Questions

Q) The commercial unit of electrical energy is

a) kWh
b) kW
c) Joules
d) W
 Questions

Q) Of the two bulbs, one glows brighter than the other. Which bulb
has a higher resistance (Connecting the two bulbs one by one with
the same voltage source, not together)?

a) Dim bulb
b) brighter bulb
c) both bulbs
d) can’t say
 Questions

Q) Calculate the current drawn from a generator having a voltage

output of 220 v when connected to a motor having a power of 1100
w.

a) 5
b) 6
c) 10
d) 0.5
 Questions

Q) In the context of the units for measuring electric power, which of

the following statements is NOT correct?

a) A watt is the unit of electrical power equal to one joule per second.
b) The one unit of electric energy is equal to one kilo-watt hour
(KWh).
c) 1 Kilowatt is equal to 10000 Watts.
d) The SI unit for measuring electric power is Watt.
 Questions

Q) 1 kWh = ----------- J

a) 3600
b) 36 * 104
c) 3.6 * 106
d) 3.6 * 104
 Questions

Q) An electric bulb of 60 W is connected to a source of 240 V. The

current drawn by the bulb will be:

a) 0.4
b) 4
c) 0.25
d) 2.5
 Questions

Q) The largest voltage one can safely apply across a 50 ohm 0.5 W
resistor is:

a) 25
b)250
c) 5
d) 2.5
 Questions
Q) Two metallic wires A and B are made using copper. The radius of
wire A is r while its length is l. A dc voltage V is applied across the
wire A, causing power dissipation, P. The radius of wire B is 2r and its
length is 2l and the same dc voltage V is applied across it causing
power disspation P1. Which one of the following is the correct
relationship between P and P1?
a) P= P1/2
b) P=P1
c) P=P1/4
d) P=2P1
Q) Two metallic wires A and B are made using copper. The radius of
wire A is r while its length is l. A dc voltage V is applied across the
wire A, causing power dissipation, P. The radius of wire B is 2r and
its length is 2l and the same dc voltage V is applied across it causing
power disspation P1. Which one of the following is the correct
relationship between P and P1 ?

P= P1/2
NETWORK THEOREMS
NETWORK THEOREMS
1. Superposition theorem
2. Thevenins theorem
3. Nortons theorem
4. Maximum power transfer theorem
5. Reciprocity theorem
6. Compensation theorem
7.Tellegens theorem
8. Millman’s theorem
 Superposition theorem

“It states that the response in a particular branch of a linear

circuit when multiple independent sources are acting at the
same time is equivalent to the sum of the responses due to
each independent source acting at a time.”
 Superposition theorem
● For the superposition theorem to be applied to a network there are certain
conditions to be met......

● All the components of the circuit must be linear.

● All the components of the circuit must be bilateral, meaning the current will
remain the same for opposite polarities of the source voltage.
● Active components and passive components may be used. Active components
are diodes, semiconductors, transistors etc. Passive components are resistors,
inductors, capacitors etc.
 Superposition theorem
To solve a circuit using superposition, the first step is to turn off or
suppress all but one input.

✓ To suppress a voltage source, replace it with a short circuit.

✓ To suppress a current source, replace it with an open circuit.
Superposition theorem
“Conclusions”
POWER & ENERGY
PROBLEMS
NETWORK THEOREMS