B A SICS A N D

A DVA NCED
LI N UX
CO M M A N D S

Sandeep Kumar Dhanda, Ph.D.

 • Operating systems

OUTLINE OF • File handling with the Linux

THE • Basic commands
PRESENTATION • Scripts and a few one liners
• Some demo and hands on session
MOTIVATION MESSAGE
 • A software that communicate between user and
hardware
• Linux: Open source, ~2% users
• MacOS: Apple Propriety, 13% users
OPERATING • Windows: Microsoft Propriety, 83% users
SYSTEMS
(OS) • You can have two or more operating systems in one
computer.
• VirtualBox
• Users with Windows 10 or later can install additional
OS from windows store
 • It is free
• No extra layer of antivirus protection required
WHY • Supported by a big user community
SHOULD • A huge list of libraries and codes are available in
WE USE open source
LINUX? • Allows multiple users to work on the same
machine/servers
• Extendable to build secure webservers
 • MacOS and Linux users
• Find and open Terminal application
• Windows 10 or later users
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-
HOW C AN win10
YOU • Install Ubuntu from the windows Store
PRACTICE • Inside the Ubuntu: find and open terminal
LINUX • Windows OS before Windows 10
COMMANDS?
• Install Virtualbox
• Install Linux inside Virtualbox
• Find and open terminal
 Many
• Ubuntu
variants • Red hat
available
• Fedora
LINUX
You can use
the base for
one of them • OSDDlinux
and modify • Biolinux
to have your
own Linux
 Function Basic languages support Extended support
Scripting Shell PHP
Text processing Awk Python
Sed Perl
..etc

PROGRAMMING ON LINUX
 To write/edit
the text in a file

TEXT EDITORS Its is equivalent

to Notepad.
• Basic editor:Vim
• Advanced: Gedit
 Print pwd: print working directory

List ls: list of files

Find find: find out files

Copy cp: copy

FILE NAVIGATING
Move mv: move AND CREATING
COMMANDS
Create mkdir: create a new directory

Remove rm: remove file

Remove rmdir: remove directory

Clear clear: to clear the screen

 Man man: manual of the command

Date date: provides the current date and time

Print whoami: print the username

BASIC INFO Display which: display the selected program file

COMMANDS
Top top: sorted information about the process

History history: shows list of commands used

Du du: disk usage

 FILE CONTENT COMMANDS

cat cat: concatenate or display the content of a file

Head head: First 10 lines of a file

Tail tail: bottom 10 lines of a file

Echo echo: print

 Write >: write output in a file

Append >>: write and append output in a file

Input <: input file

OPERATIONS
COMMANDS
OR ||: One of the two commands

AND &&: Both the commands

Pipe I: output of first command to next

 • “How to write this in a script”
SCRIPTS • Execute a program: explain the permissions
 Number Permission Type Symbol

PERMISSIONS 0 No Permission ---

1 Execute --x

2 Write -w-
• Ownership: 3 Execute + Write -wx
• User 4 Read r--

• Groups 5 Read + Execute r-x

• Other 6 Read +Write rw-

7 Read + Write rwx

+Execute
 grep “-v”, “-i”, “-f”, “-w”

...IMPORTANT sort “-n”, “-t”

ONE LINERS
(COMMANDS)

awk –F “\t” ‘$1>4 {print $2}’

 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!

Happy to take questions now !!

If your questions are not addressed in the presentation..

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