VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

“Jnana Sangama”, Belagavi – 590 018, Karnataka

PROJECT REPORT
ON

“New Approach to Bin Tipper”

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of
MASTERS OF TECHNOLOGY
in
MACHINE DESIGN
Submitted by
ULLAS G GOWDA
1AM16ME178

Under the guidance of

Prof. Madhu Mohan R
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering

AMC ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Department of Mechanical Engineering
18 km, Bannerghatta Road, Bengaluru – 560 083
2021 - 2022

AMC ENGINEERING COLLEGE

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 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project work (Phase - I) entitled “NEW APPROACH TO
BIN TIPPER” carried by Mr. ULLAS G GOWDA (1AM16ME178), bonafide student of
AMC ENGINEERING COLLEGE, in partial fulfilment for the award of Masters of
Technology in Machine Design of the Visvesvaraya Technology University, Belagavi
during the year 2021-2022. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal
Assessment have been incorporated in the report deposited in the department library. This
Project Phase 1 report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirement in respect
of project work prescribed for the said degree.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the

Principal

Prof. Madhu Mohan R Dr. Girisha C Dr. A G Nataraj

Name of the Examiner Signature with Date

1. _______________________ ____________________
2. _______________________ _____________________

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 AMC ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DECLARATION
We the students of final year of B.E (Mechanical Engineering), AMC
Engineering College hereby declare that the project work entitled “NEW
APPROACH TO BIN TIPPER” has been carried out by us at AMC
Engineering College, Bengaluru and submitted in partial fulfilment of the
course requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in
Mechanical Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belgaum during the year 2019-2020. We also declare the to the best of our
knowledge and belief, the work report does not form part of any other
dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier
occasion on this by any other student.

ULLAS G GOWDA
1AM16ME178

Date:
Place: Bengaluru

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We are profoundly honoured to acknowledge the Management of AMC Engineering

College, Bangalore for providing us an opportunity to study and support towards the
completion of our project work.

We take it as a privilege in expressing our sincere gratitude, heartfelt respect and regards to
our guide DR. GIRSHA C, Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, and our co-
guide PROF. MADHU MOHAN R, Assistant Professor of Department of Mechanical
Engineering AMCEC, Bangalore, for the co-operation extended to us in completion of our
project work.

It gives us immense pleasure to express our deep sense of gratitude to DR. A G NATARAJ,
our beloved principal, AMCEC, whose words of advice have always been a constant source
of inspiration for us.

It gives us pleasure to thank DR. A K MURTHY, Dean Academics, AMCEC for his
motivation and encouragement in completing this project.

We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to DR. GIRSHA C, Head of the Department of
Mechanical Engineering, for his valuable advice and encouragement in completing this
project work.

Thanks also to our Class Faculty, PROF. RUDRA K.S, Associate Professor of Department
of Mechanical Engineering, for all the help extended to us in completing the project.

ULLAS G GOWDA
1AM16ME178

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 ABSTRACT

Waste management is essential in today’s society. Due to an increase in population, the

generation of waste is getting doubled day by day. Moreover, the increase in waste is
affecting the lives of many people.
A well-made, well- engineered solution to a potential significant manual handling issue on
any building site with the incorporation of the automatic bin mechanism within our waste
management plan we have seen a definite improvement in site cleanliness with the benefit of
not having to replace broken bins and double handling waste.

A unique tipping action whereby bins are lifted straight up, and then gently rolled forward
around the lip of the skip or hopper being emptied into. Benefits of this design include a
small ‘footprint’, and a wide range of tipping heights available, from 700mm to more than six
metres

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 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Gaps in Literature Survey

3. PROBLEM STATEMENT

4. OBJECTIVE

5. IMPLEMENTATION AND METHODOLOGY

5.1 Specifications of the Dye

5.2 Adhesive used and its Advantages

6. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE USED

6.1 Compression Load cell

6.2 Thermocouple

6.3 Solid works

7. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

8. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

9. REFERENCE

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
Waste management is essential in today’s society. Due to an increase in population, the
generation of waste is getting doubled day by day. Moreover, the increase in waste is
affecting the lives of many people.

For instance, people living in slums are very close to the waste disposal area. Therefore,
there are prone to various diseases. Hence, putting their lives in danger. In order to
maintain a healthy life, proper hygiene and sanitation are necessary. Consequently, it is
only possible with proper waste management.

Waste management is the managing of waste by disposal and recycling of it. Moreover,
waste management needs proper techniques keeping in mind the environmental
situations. For instance, This Project ensures maximum recovery of resources from all
streams of waste by diverting it away from landfills and sending it to the right
destinations.

Bin storage is essential for thousands of industries, and from food processing to waste
disposal, many styles of tippable containers meet the material handling needs of the
modern economy. However, the logistical strengths of industrial bins which include
efficient bulk storage, compact footprints, and simple fill/pour capabilities also lead to
ergonomic challenges and difficult manual handling tasks.

Bin tippers sometimes called bin lifters, trash can tippers, or trash can dumpers provide an
elegant solution to these potential problems, providing the advantages of bulk material
handling without operational inefficiencies or the increased risk of injury associated with
manual bin lifting.

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Page | 8
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY
1) Ranjith Kharvel Annepu: This study examined the present status of waste management
in India, its effects on public health and the environment, and the prospects of introducing
improved means of disposing municipal solid waste (MSW) in India. The systems and
techniques discussed are Informal and Formal Recycling, Aerobic Composting and
Mechanical Biological Treatment, Small Scale Biomethanation, Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF),
Waste-to-Energy Combustion (WTE), and Landfill Mining (or Bioremediation).

2)Narayan T: Unlike that of western countries, the solid waste of Asian cities is often
comprised of 70-80% organic matter, dirt and dust. Composting is considered to be the best
option to deal with the waste generated. Composting helps reduce the waste transported to
and disposed of in landfills. During the course of the research, the author learned that several
developing countries established large-scale composting plants that eventually failed for
various reasons. The main flaw that led to the unsuccessful establishment of the plants was
the lack of application of simple scientific methods to select the material to be composted.
Landfills have also been widely unsuccessful in countries like India because the landfill sites
have a very limited time frame of usage. The population of the developing countries is
another factor that detrimentally impacts the function of landfill sites. As the population
keeps increasing, the garbage quantity also increases, which, in turn, exhausts the landfill
sites. Landfills are also becoming increasingly expensive because of the rising costs of
construction and operation. Incineration, which can greatly reduce the amount of incoming
municipal solid waste, is the second most common method for disposal in developed
countries. However, incinerator ash may contain hazardous materials including heavy metals
and organic compounds such as dioxins, etc. Recycling plays a large role in solid waste
management, especially in cities in developing countries. None of the three methods
mentioned here are free from problems. The aim of this study is thus to compare the three
methods, keeping in mind the costs that would be incurred by the respective governments,
and identify the most economical and best option possible to combat the waste disposal
problem.

3) Mr. Prakalp S. Moon: The tipper mechanism is highly popular in transportation of heavy
materials such as sand, gravel, coals, etc. Tipper truck is the advanced version of

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conventional trucks. Conventional trucks can also transport heavy materials from one place to
another but huge difference is that, in conventional truck man power is required to unload the
material in the truck. While unloading the material, employees just open the side walls of the
trolley and with the help of spade. This process is from last few decades. But this method is
time consuming. Extra cost of man power is to be paid for unloading the material. Also the
existing tipper cannot perform in effective in small and congested area such as small roads,
construction sites, mines, etc.it also consumes more time and more fuel which ultimately
reduces efficiency of the system.

4) Schmitz Cargobull and AG Bahnhofstr (2006) has discussed about truck tipper M.KI.it
is versatile on all construction sites. He suggested that its mobility should be Superior and the
quick unloading process make the M.KI a vehicle that is ideally tailored to the requirements
of the construction industry. This is an optimised vehicle design which have high payload
capacity. This Vehicle can be able to operate at uneven terrain. The Schmitz Cargobull
modular system offers more choice of rounded steel bodies in various versions

5) Prof. Dr. C T Foo, S F Loke, Prof. Dr. S C Low has discussed about the revolutionary
efficiency of tipper barge system. Tipper barge system is the system which carry out
unloading in the ocean. The tipper barge system has the capability of loading cargo at
breakneck speed. Conceptually, it is similar to a land-based tipper truck. The tipper from
many years has been used for loading, transporting and unloading sand, gravel, and other
aggregates.

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 CHAPTER 3

PROBLEM STATEMENT

 logistical strengths of industrial bins — which include efficient bulk storage,

compact footprints, and simple fill/pour capabilities — also lead to ergonomic
challenges and difficult manual handling tasks.

 Bin tippers provide an elegant solution to these potential problems, providing the
advantages of bulk material handling without operational inefficiencies or the
increased risk of injury associated with manual bin lifting.
 The manually segregated waste collected all over the city is sent to the dumping
area after separation of wet and dry waste, thus making it laborer and time
consuming.
 The segregation of waste into different components can be done either
automatically or manually, but for the precise results it is done manually.
 And also, if the dumping area is in higher state for safety and cleanliness purpose
it is very difficult for a labor to manually reach that height with so much load
and dump the waste inside the dumping area and repeat the process until the end.
 Considering the cleanliness and safety of the workers it is not advisable to
perform such operations manually.

 To overcome these problems proposed design of tipper is suggested using

hydraulic cylinder.

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 CHAPTER 4

OBJECTIVE
.

 As a social enterprise focused on providing the most impactful waste management

solutions,
 This design helps in solving one of India’s biggest challenges.

 The main objective of this design is to provide a very reliable, safety and
maintenance-free design.
 A modular design which can be easily modified to suit a wide range of non-
standard bin sizes, shapes, and weights.

 Designed in such a way that it takes less floor space since the foot of the cradle is
compact

 Tilting bins in order to empty their loads is only half of the task. Bin tippers must
first lift containers to an appropriate height, clearing dumpster lips or accessing
multi-tier production lines in the process.

 A single step hydraulic pump / electric motor / electric stacker can be used for the
lifting mechanism

 Regardless of the task, safety is a primary concern when emptying bulk loads
overhead. Loads must be emptied precisely to prevent splash-back on the operator.

 The tipping mechanism first lifts and then rolls gently forward, creating an
accurate process with minimal splash-back.

 For these heavier industrial uses of bin tippers, the hydraulic bin tipper has a
standard weight capacity of 250 kgs, and can be expanded to handle loads up to
300 kgs.

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 CHAPTER 5

IMPLEMENTATION AND METHODOLOGY

Bin tippers typically have a steel frame, guarding and cradle with a hydraulic lifting mechanism
and they are placed into the machine, then lifted and inverted over the destination receptacle,
allowing the contents to be emptied by gravity

Working of Hydraulic System

Hydraulics can be a term used for the study of liquids and how liquids function, but most
people think of its use in engineering when they hear the term. Hydraulic systems work by
using pressurized fluid to power an engine. These hydraulic presses put pressure on a small
amount of fluid in order to generate a large amount of power.

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Here’s a basic idea of a hydraulic system: water in a contained system has pressure put on it
from one side. That pressure forces it against a piston on the other side of the container. This
transfers the energy into the piston, forcing it upward to lift something. Because the pressure
on the water will not let it flow backwards, the piston can never move in the opposite way
unless that pressure is released. This means that whatever the piston is lifting is secure until
the system operator allows it to be released. For example, if the pistons raise the forklift’s
prongs, they would remain raised until the hydraulic pressure was released.

Hydraulic systems have a few essential components to control how they work:

 Reservoir: Hydraulic systems usually use a reservoir to hold excess fluid and power
the mechanism. It is important to cool the fluid, using metal walls to release the heat
generated from all the friction it encounters. An unpressurized reservoir can also
allow trapped air to leave the liquid, which helps efficiency. Since air compresses, it
can divert the movement from the pistons and make the system work less efficiently.
 Fluid: Hydraulic fluids can vary, but they are typically petroleum, mineral- or
vegetable- based oils. The
fluids can have different
properties based on their
application. Brake fluid, for
example, needs to have a high
boiling point due to the high-heat

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 mechanism it goes through. Other features include lubrication, radiation resistance
and viscosity.
 Engine: This is usually gasoline-powered and allows the hydraulic system to work. In
big machines, this needs to be capable of generating a lot of power.
 Pump: The hydraulic oil pump sends a flow of oil through the valve and to the
hydraulic cylinder. Pump efficiency is often measured in gallons per minute and
pounds per square inch (psi).
 Cylinder: The cylinder receives the high-pressure fluid from the valves and actuates
the movement.
 Valve: Valves help to transport the fluid around the system by controlling things like
pressure, direction and flow.

CHAPTER 6

Design and Analysis Software used

SOFTWARE USED:

Design software used:

The software used to design the “Automatic Bin Tipping Mechanism” is Solid works.
SolidWorks is a solid modeling computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided
engineering (CAE) computer program that runs primarily on Microsoft Window.
SolidWorks is a solid modelling computer-aided design and computer-aided engineering

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 computer program that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows.

CHAPTER 7

RESULTS AND DICUSSION

The obtained products exhibit excellent water handling properties and also characterise
various property like toughness in nature, waterproof food graded adhesive also impart the
use of natural obtained product to secure the parts which thus resemblance zero plastic
content and also secure the leakages. The end product is also tested for water holding
capacity and found that it can able to withstand the water content for the max time period of
24hrs. The product along with mould is left isolated for the maximum duration of 3/5 minutes
after it has been detached from the direct contact of flames in order to obtain the ideal
product. This process assures that no excess heat is been given to product and also allows it to
gain its shape. As per the results observed, it requires accurate Temperature and Pressure with
respect to time
for the purpose
of attaining
mechanical
properties of
the Areca leaf.

Fig. 7.1 Fig. 7.2

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 Fig. 7.3 Fig. 7.4

Series of Tests and Experiments were conducted in to find out the actual pressure and
temperature with respect to time to obtain the desired shape and mainly the moisture content.

Table.7.1 Quality of sample obtained at different conditions.

Time Intervals of the Temperature Force applied Condition

flame In degree In Newton
in Minutes Celsius
25 Minutes 95 500 Wet and Soft
10 Minutes 100  750 Wet and Soft
7 Minutes  120 1000 Brittle
3 to 5 Minutes 140/160 1200 Dry and Hard

As per the results observed in the above table, it requires proper Temperature and Pressure
with respect to time for the purpose of attaining mechanical properties of the areca leaf.

Bar Graph showing variance in temperature and pressure

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 Fig. 7.5 Fig.7.6

Fig. 7.7 Fig. 7.8

Table 7.2: Exact temperature, pressure and time required for the different parts.

Part Temperature Force applied Time Taken

In Newton
Top 140˚ - 160˚ C 1200N 5 Minutes
Middle 140˚ - 160˚ C 1200N 6 Minutes
Bottom 140˚ - 160˚ C 1200N 6 Minutes

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The results obtained at different conditions and applications of temperature and pressure
shows the variation of the quality of product, the desired results obtained at the pressure of
1200N and 1600C. The product is kept isolated inside the moulds for 5/3 minutes (depending
on the thickness) for regaining the final product.

CHAPTER 8

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

Plastic nowadays causing one of the hazardous situations not just to mankind but also to other
species globally, resembling non-biodegradable characteristic it results in increasing the
pollution unknowingly. The whole idea in this Concept is to replace the PET (Poly Ethylene
Tetra phthalate) water bottles in to biodegradable bottles by designing and fabricating a
machine with Jigs and fixtures. The three different parts conjugated bottle practice in
handling water and other beverages to an optimum duration and also preserve the ecosystem
efficiently. With the enormous use of such bio degradable product (bottle), plastic pollution
can be controlled more efficiently and it also resemblance near the same characteristics of it.

➢ A bio-degradable and sustainable alternative solution for plastic bottles.

➢ Disposal of these products can be used as manures in organic farming.

➢ Implementing this Product will play an important role in controlling pollution.

➢ In Conclusion, there are Many Significant benefits for the people as well as the
environment such as Low cost, Easy to Dispose, zero wastage. In Future people around the
world will continue to appreciate and use this product in the long run for the benefits they
bring.

➢ A small step today will lead to a better goal tomorrow, a step that provides the demand
without altering the resources is known to be the best alternative.

➢ A single use bottle that is capable of storing liquids up to a sufficient duration and also
completely biodegradable in nature provide a healthy growth to the society where the

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numbers reach up to billions. Unlike other operations, here we use the by-product of nature (a
leaf) to sustain the global demand of water packaging.

REFERENCES

1) BIONANOCOMPOSITES: SMART BIODEGRADABLE PACKAGING MATERIAL

FOR FOOD PRESERVATION Sushama Talegaonkar*, Harshita Sharma*, Shweta Pandey,
Pawan Kumar Mishra, Rupert Wimmer, *Jamia Hamdard, Department of Pharmaceutics,
New Delhi, India; **Mendel University, Department of Wood Science, Brno, Czech
Republic; †University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute for Natural Materials
Technology, Tulln, Austria.

2) Development of biodegradable composite chitosan-based films incorporated with xylan

and carvacrol for food packaging application Donatien Pascal Kamdema, Zhu Shena,Omid
Nabinejada, Zuju Shub a School of Packaging, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
Michigan State University, MI48824, East Lansing, USA b Division of Packaging
Engineering, School of Light Textile Engineering and Art, Anhui Agricultural University,
Hefei230036,China.

3) ADVANCED BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS FOR WATER AND BEVERAGES

PACKAGING Irina Gheorghe, Paulina Anastasiu†, Grigore Mihaescu, Lia-Mara Ditu,
Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania †University of
Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Microbiology Department, Bucharest, Romania

4) BIODEGRADABLE PACKAGING MATERIALS, Ishrat Majid, Lovely Professional

University (LPU), Punjab, India. Mamata Thakur and Vikas Nanda, Sant Longowal Institute
of Engineering and Technology (Deemed to be University), Longowal, Punjab, India

5) Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research (IJIR) volume-2, issue-11, 2016. ISSN:2454-

1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in

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6) World packing organization 2008, Position paper-market trends and Developments.
www.worldpacking.org.

7) Biodegradable packaging in the food industry Übersichtsarbeit: Biologisch abbaubare

Verpackungen in der Lebensmittelindustrie Anita Ivankovic´ 1), Karlo Zeljko1), Stanislava
Talic´ 2), Anita Martinovic´ Bevanda2), Marija Lasic´ 1)

8) Biodegradable and compostable alternatives to conventional plastics J. H. Song1, R. J.

Murphy2,*, R. Narayan3 and G. B. H. Davies1 1 Mechanical Engineering, Brunel University,
Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK 2 Division of Biology, Imperial College London,
London SW7 2AZ, UK 3 Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

9) The sustainable future of packaging: A biodegradable paper beer bottle Ellen Brilhuis-
Meijer1 and Prateek Saxena*1

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