6/21/2011

PF1101 Project Management

(1. Introducingg Project
j Management)
g

About the Lecturer:

Professor Low Sui Pheng
NUS Department of Building
PhD (Lond), MSc(Eng)(Birm), BSc(Bldg)(Hons)(NUS), DipBldg(SingPoly), FCIOB
Chartered Builder

Tel: 6516 3425 (O)

Offi
Office: Bl
Block
k SDE1
SDE1-04-13
04 13
Email: bdglowsp@nus.edu.sg
Homepage:
p g http://www.bdg.nus.edu.sg/staff_bdglowsp.htm
p g g _ g p

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PF1101 Project Management

Lectures
1. Introducing Project Management
2. Project Life Cycles & the Organization
3. Adapting the Project Management Processes
4. Implementing Project Integration Management
5. Managing the Project Scope
6. Project Time Management
7. Project Cost Management
8. Project Quality Management
9
9. H
Human Resource
R M
Management
10. Project Communications Management
11. Project Risk Management
12 Project
12. P j t Procurement
P t Management
M t
13. Ethics and Code of Professional Conduct
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PF1101 Project Management

Tutorials
Week 0 Orientation Week Odd and Even
Week 1 Familiarization with references and reading materials Week
Week 2 Familiarization with references and reading materials
Week 3 Getting to know one another and Video (Building a House)
Week 4 Getting to know one another and Video (Building a House)
Week 5 Q1: Managing time and project team/Q2 The Dabbawallas
Sub-groups
Week 6 Q1: Managing time and project team/Q2 The Dabbawallas
A-C in each
Recess Tutorial Class
Week 7 Q3: Talent Retention/Q4: The FISH! Philosophy
Week 8 Q3: Talent Retention/Q4: The FISH! Philosophy
Week 9 Q5: PM in ancient civilizations/Q6: Environmental Factors Please refer
Week 10 Q5: PM in ancient civilizations/Q6: Environmental Factors to Tutorial
Week 11 Q7: Causes of Project Failure/Q8: Importance of Project Integration Handout
Week 12 Q7: Causes of Project Failure/Q8: Importance of Project Integration
Week 13 Revision and consultation
Reading Week
Examinations

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1. Introducing Project Management

At the end of this lecture, you should be familiar with:
1. Project Management Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK)
2. What others say about project management?
3. What are projects?
4. Definition of project management
5. PMBOK nine knowledge areas (SCT QHR CPI)
6 Project management application areas
6.
7. What is Program Management?
8. What is Project Portfolio Management?

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1. Introducing Project Management

Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)
Project Management Institute, United States 
What is Project Management?
• It is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and
techniques to meet project requirements.
• It is accomplished through the use of processes such as:
initiating, planning, executing, controlling and closing.

Project Management work typically involves:

• Competing demands for: scope, time, cost, risk and
quality.
• Stakeholders with different needs and expectations.
expectations
• Identified requirements.
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1. Introducing Project Management

What others say about Project Management …

Dennis Lock (2000) The essentials of project management, Gower,

Brookfield
1. Introduction
2. Definition
3. Organization
4
4. W k breakdown
Work b kd and
d coding
di
5. Cost estimating
6. Planning
7. Schedulingg
8. Implementation
9. Purchasing
10. Cost management
11 Changes
11.
12. Managing progress
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1. Introducing Project Management

What others say about Project Management …

Harvard Business School (2004) Harvard Business Essentials:

Managing
g gp projects
j large
g and small: the fundamental skills for
delivering on budget and on time, HBS Press, Boston.
• Project management as a process
• The cast of characters
• A written charter
• A framework for action
• Work breakdown
• Scheduling the work
• Adjustments and tradeoffs: more fine tuning
• Management risk
• Project adaptation
• Getting off on the right foot
• Keeping on track
• The close-down phases 11

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1. Introducing Project Management

What others say about Project Management …

Bennet P. Lientz and Kathryn P. Rea (2003) International Project

Management, Academic Press, Amsterdam.
• Define the project
• Identify the project leaders
• Nail down the project organization and team
• Develop the project plan
• Use technology to your advantage
• Manage the international team and the work
• Manage outsourcing and vendors
• Sustain effective communications
• Deal with issues and use experience
• Multinational software deployment
• Mergers and acquisitions
• Marketing
k i a new productd
• Project issues, Business issues, Management issues & External issues
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1. Introducing Project Management

What is a Project?
1. Has deadline, resources, budget, scope, end result.
2
2. Temporary work assignments
3. Create a definitive deliverable, service or environment
Projects are temporary
1. Projects are temporary, not the deliverables.
2. Skyscrapers will be around much longer than the time
taken to build.
3. But  giant picnic may take months to plan and the event
last only a few hours.
4. Once the project is completed, team disbands and members
move on to other projects
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1. Introducing Project Management

Projects create unique products, services, etc.
1. Things  skyscrapers or install glass windows in
skyscrapers.
k
2. Services  establish a new call center or faster
wayy to complete
p an inventoryy count.
3. Results  R&D to find a cure for common cold
4. Unique factors in each projects  time it takes,
stakeholders involved, the environment, etc.
5. All projects are unique even if the company does
the same type of project over and over again!
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1. Introducing Project Management

Progressive Elaboration

Refinements that
Project components
Pass through to
Reach their final
State

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1. Introducing Project Management

Projects versus Operations (P&O)
1. Fine line between P&O  both involve
employees have limited resources (people and
employees,
money) and are designed, executed and managed
by someone in charge.
2 Project has an end-date
2. end date and is unique from other
activities within the organization.
3. End results of projects can result in operations.
4. Operations  day-to-day work that goes on in an
organization.
5 Projects  not normal day
5. day-to-day
to day operations an
organization offers  are short-term endeavors.
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1. Introducing Project Management

Projects versus Operations (P&O)
1. But in some companies, everything is a project 
especially an organization that completes projects
for other companies.
2. Examples of projects:
• Designing
i i a new productd or servicei
• Converting from one computer platform to another
• Building a new university campus
• Moving from one building to another
• Organizing a political campaign
• Designing and building a new fighter jet plane
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1. Introducing Project Management

Projects and Strategic Planning
Reasons why a project is created:
• An opportunity based on market conditions.
• Special needs within an organization  e.g.
replace all computers and standardize office
pp
applications in MOE.
• Customers  construction firms, architects, etc.
complete projects for their customers.
• Technology  rapid technology changes create
constant projects within an organization.
• Law and regulations spur new projects  e.g.
Workplace Safety & Health Act introduced in
March 2006 creates risk assessment and evaluation
projects 21

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1. Introducing Project Management

Defining Project Management
1. Project management is the supervision and control
of the work required
q to complete
p the project
p j
vision.
2. The project manager schedules, monitors, and
controls the various project tasks.
3. The project team carries out the work needed to
complete the project.
4. Project
j management
g comprises
p nine knowledgeg
areas  what happens in one knowledge area can
affect what happens in other knowledge areas 
Project Integration Management is the
coordination
di ti off these
th events.
t
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1. Introducing Project Management

Project Management’s nine knowledge areas
1. Integration Management  if changes happen,
need to determine how that change
g mayy affect all
the other knowledge areas.
2. Scope Management  includes creation of the
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS).
3. Time Management  define activities, plot their
sequence, and calculate how long the project
duration will take.
4. Cost Management  include planning, estimating,
budgeting and control of costs.
5. Quality Management  include quality planning,
assurance and control.
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1. Introducing Project Management

Project Management’s nine knowledge areas
6. Human Resource Management  deals with
organizational
g pplanning,
g staff acquisition,
q and
team development.
7. Communications Management  details how
communication happens, outlines stakeholder
management andd plan l for
f communications
i i within
i hi
any project.
8. Risk Management  focuses on risk planning,
analysis,
l i monitoring
it i andd control.
t l
9. Procurement Management  covers the processes
to acquire and select vendors, and contract
negotiations.
ti ti
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1. Introducing Project Management

Project Management Application Areas
1. Projects can fit into different disciplines but the
approach to project management is the same.
2. Examples  construction, IT, manufacturing,
banking, finance, tourism, hotel and catering,
consulting, R&D, etc.
Understanding the Project Environment - influence
from:
1. Physical environment  ecology, geography, etc.
2 Cultural and social environment  employee
2.
complaints, work slowdown, morale decline, etc.
3. International and political environment  different
time zones,, holidays,
y , currencyy exchanges,
g , language
g g
barriers, etc.
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1. Introducing Project Management

Relying on General Management Skills
1. Planning
g
2. Organizingg
3. Controlling, etc.

Relying on Interpersonal Skills

1. Problem solving
2. Motivating
3 Communicating
3.
4. Influencing the organization
5. Leadership
6. Negotiations
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1. Introducing Project Management

Program Management
1. Program management is the management of multiple
projects all working together towards a common goal.
2. Example  building a skyscraper: requires many
projects that lead to the end result such as:
• A project for the planning and design of the building.
• Another
A h project j to manage the h legal,
l l regulatory
l andd
project inspections.
• Another project for the physical construction of the
building.
building
• Other projects for the installation of electrical wiring,
lifts, plumbing, interior design, etc.
3 Solution is to create a program that comprises of
3.
multiple projects.
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1. Introducing Project Management

Program Management (see advertisements in next few slides)
1. Project managers manage each project within the
program and report to the Program Manager. Program
M
Manager ensures th
thatt all
ll integrated
i t t d projects
j t workk
together on schedule and budget towards completion
of the program.
Programs c/o
Multiple
Projects
Working
Toward a
Common
Goal

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1. Introducing Project Management

Program Management

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1. Introducing Project Management

Program Management

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1. Introducing Project Management

Program Management

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1. Introducing Project Management

Project Portfolio Management (see advertisement next slide)
1. Projects can often be lumped into a portfolio rather than a
program.
2
2. A program isi a collection
ll ti off projects
j t that
th t workk together
t th for
f
a common cause.
3. A portfolio is not the same as a program, but it is a
collection of projects.
p j
4. The projects in a portfolio could be within one line of
business, or based on the strategies within an organization,
or follow the guidance of one director within the
organization.
organization
Project Management Office (PMO)
1. PMO organizes and manages control overall all projects
within an organization.
g
2. PMOs have an advantage over decentralized project
management  risk and communication centralization.
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1. Introducing Project Management

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1. Introducing Project Management

The Five Processes

1. Initiating – is doing whatever must be done to authorize a project.

2. Planning – is identifying all the work that must be done; developing

policies, procedures and other documentation that defines the project.

3. Executing – is i the
h application
li i off labour
l b and
d materials
i l to implement
i l
the project plan.

4.. Monitoring
o o g and d co
controlling
o g – include
c ude monitoring
o to g p progress
og ess aga
against
st
the plan and taking whatever actions necessary to keep the project on
track.

55. Closing
Cl i – is i the
th formal
f l acceptance
t off the
th product
d t and
d documentation
d t ti
of activities throughout the life of the project.
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1. Introducing Project Management

The Nine Knowledge Areas for Project Management

1. Project Scope Management – [what must be done?] defines what is to

be done in managing
g g the p
project;
j ; it defines how large
g the pproject
j is.

2. Project Time Management – [when should it be done?] refers to the

development of a schedule that can be met, then controlling work to ensure
that it happens.
happens

3. Project Cost Management – [how much will it cost?] involves

estimating the cost of resources including people, equipment and materials,
and
d performing
f i costt budgeting
b d ti and d tracking
t ki to t keep
k th project
the j t within
ithi that
th t
pre-determined budget.

4. Project Quality Management – [how good should it be?] includes

plans to meet quality requirements and steps to monitor results to see if they
conform to pre-determined requirements.
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1. Introducing Project Management

The Nine Knowledge Areas for Project Management

5. Project Human Resource Management – [who will do the work?]

g, evaluating,
deals with staffing, g, motivating
g and involves identifying
y g ppeople
p
needed to do the job.

6. Project Communications Management – [how will information be

delivered?] involves planning,
planning executing and controlling the acquisition
and dissemination of all information relevant to the needs of all project
stakeholders.

7. Project
7 P j t RiskRi k Management
M t – [what
[ h t problems
bl may be
b encountered?]
t d?]
involves systematically identifying, quantifying, analyzing and responding
to project risks.

8. Project Procurement Management – [what materials, suppliers,

talents and equipment must be obtained?] sourcing and managing
suppliers and management of contracts. 36

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1. Introducing Project Management

The Nine Knowledge Areas for Project Management

9. Project Integration Management – [what needs to be coordinated

g
and integrated?]] ensures that the p
project
j is p
properly
p yp planned,, executed and
controlled.

Monitor and
Control
thoughout

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1. Introducing Project Management

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1. Introducing Project Management

Summary
1. Projects are temporary endeavors to create a
unique
q thing, g pproduct or service.
2. An operation is a series of activities that go on and
on, for e.g. manufacturing a camera, writing a
newspaper column, etc.
3. Many organizations complete projects for other
people or businesses and those are their operations.
4. Nine knowledge g areas in the PMI’s Project
j
Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK).
5. Projects may exist within large entities called
Programs and PMOs.
6. A PMO coordinates projects within an
organization. 39

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