ASSIGNMENT No.

5: PLUMBING FIXTURES
1. TYPES/CLASSIFICATION OF FIXTURES
1. SOIL FIXTURES
2. SINKS
3. BATHING
2. Illustrations/Terminologies of:
BIDET, LATRINE
BALL COCK, BALL JOINT
BATHROOM, SWIMMING POOL
PRIVATE OR PRIVATE USE, PUBLIC OR PUBLIC USE,
FLUSH TANK, FLUSH VALVE, FLUSHOMETER TANK, FLUSHOMETER VALVE

RESEARCH No. 5 For additional learning

Energy Saving Features of Plumbing Fixtures
How does Flushometer Tank works?

ASSIGNMENT No. 4 PLUMBING ROUGHING – IN AND

FIXTURES
PLUMBING PIPES
APPROVED MATERIALS – marked for identification
Embossed/Stamped – brass/copper fittings
Molded – plastic fittings
Indelible Marking – colored stripe/indelible letters
QUALITY OF MATERIALS - free from defects
WATER SERVICE PIPE – 160 psi/73.4 ºF
1. ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)
2. ASBESTOS CEMENT PIPE*
3. BRASS PIPE
4. CAST IRON PIPE*
5. COPPER PIPE
6. COPPER TUBING
7. cPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)
8. GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE*
9. PB (Polybutylene)*
10. PE (Polyethylene)
PB - Polybutylene; black, oval; water service connection
PE - Polyethylene; black, circular
11. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Potable water (blue); Drainpipes (gray, orange, brown)

WATER DISTRIBUTION PIPE: Minimum working pressure of 100 psi/temp. 180 ºF

Pressure-reducing valve at the water service to reduce the pressure to no more than 80 psi
1. BRASS PIPE
2. COPPER PIPE/TUBING
3. GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE – rust-related problems
4. POLYBUTYLENE (PB)
DRAIN, WASTE & VENT PIPE: Range from 1 ½” – 4” diameter
1. ABS
 2. CAST IRON PIPE
3. GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE
4. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
STORM-DRAINAGE MATERIALS: interior/underground (for storm sewer)
INSIDE STORM DRAINAGE
Cement, Vitrified Clay, Concrete
SUBSOIL DRAINS – Vitrified Clay, Cast Iron, PVC, PE
PIPE - cylindrical conduit/conductor; “pipe size”/(I.D.)
TUBE - cylindrical conduit/conductor; (OD)
SIZE AND TYPE OF TUBING - (DIAMETER)
DIAMETER - nominal internal diameter (N.I.D.) except brass and copper tubing
I.P.S. - Iron Pipe Size
INVERT - the lowest portion of the inside of any pipe

LENGTH OF PIPE - the length as measured along

DEVELOPED LENGTH - the length along the center line of pipe and fittings
DEAD END – the extended portion of the pipe that is closed to one end
BENDING PIN OR IRON TOOL – straightening/bending lead pipe

HUBLESS PIPES – CISP with plain ends connected with bolted stainless steel bands and neoprene gaskets
SHIELDED COUPLING - elastomeric sealing gasket
CALKING - plugging an opening with oakum, lead
OAKUM – hemp soaked in oil/tar to make it waterproof
BLANK FLANGE - not drilled for bolt holes
BLIND FLANGE - closes the end of a pipe
SOLDERED JOINT - melt at below 427°C/above 149°C
WELDED JOINT OR SEAM - plastic molten state
BRAZED JOINT - melt at higher than 449°C
SLIP JOINT - compression nut, a friction ring, compression washer, fit a threaded adapter fitting or a standard taper
pipe thread

COMMON PLUMBING FITTINGS (cast iron, copper, plastic; steel)

NIPPLE –lesser than 12” length/threaded on both ends; more than 12” – Cut Pipe; 1/8” to 12” Ф; brass/steel
Close – fittings/valves joined very close to each other
Short – small amount of pipe exists (shoulder)
Long – larger amount of bare pipe exists
EXTENSION PIECE – male threaded atone end
TAILPIECE - connects the outlet of a fixture to a trap
RETURN BEND - made up of two 90° bends with inside threads and outside threads; 180° bend
FERRULE - a metallic sleeve, for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe

OFFSET - combination of elbows or bends

DOUBLE OFFSET - two offsets in succession
TAPPED TEE - tapped to receive a threaded pipe or fittings

SIAMESE CONNECTION - connected to a hydrant/same nozzle/hose fitting with clapper valves

WYE - hose connection with two-gated outlets
STANDPIPE - a vertical pipe, or a reservoir, into which water is pumped to give it a head, classified as:
1. WET STANDPIPE - water pressure maintained
2. AUTOMATIC STANDPIPE SYSTEM - operates automatically by opening a hose valve
3. MANUALLY – OPERATED STANDPIPE SYSTEM – remote control device at each hose station
4. DRY STANDPIPE – no permanent water inside pipe