Transmission system of two wheeler

& three wheeler vehicle

Definition Of Transmission System :- The mechanism that transmits the power developed by the engine of
automobile to the engine to the driving wheels is called the TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (POWER TRAIN).
It is composed of – Clutch, The gear box, Propeller shaft ,Universal joints ,Rear axle ,Wheel ,Tyre
.

 Requirements Of Transmission System -

 Provide means of connection and disconnection of engine with rest of power train without shock and
smoothly. 
 Provide a varied leverage between the engine and the drive wheels 
 Provide means to transfer power in opposite direction. 
 Enable power transmission at varied angles and varied lengths. 
 Enable speed reduction between engine and the drive wheels in the ratio of 5:1.  Enable diversion of
power flow at right angles. 
 Provide means to drive the driving wheels at different speeds when required. 
 Bear the effect of torque reaction , driving thrust and braking effort effectively.
 Transmission System In Two Wheeler -

A m otor cycle

transmission is a transmission created specifically for motorcycle applications. They may also be found in
use on other light vehicles such as motor tricycles and quadbikes, go-karts, off road buggies, auto rickshaws,
mowers, and other utility vehicles, microcars, and even some super light racing cars.
 Manual Transmission -

  Design -
A sequential manual transmission, also known as a sequential gearbox, or a sequential transmission, is a
type of non-synchronous manual transmission used mostly for motorcycles and racing cars.It produces
faster shift times than traditional synchronized manual transmissions, and restricts the driver to selecting
either the next or previous gear, in a successive order.

A sequential manual transmission is unsynchronized, and allows the driver to select either the next gear (e.g.
shifting from first gear to second gear) or the previous gear (e.g., shifting from third gear to second gear),
operated either via electronic paddle shifter mounted behind the steering wheel or with a sequential shifter.
This restriction avoids accidentally selecting the wrong gear; however, it also prevents the driver from
deliberately "skipping" gears. The use of dog clutches (rather than synchromesh) results in faster shift
speeds than a conventional manual transmission.

On a sequential manual transmission, the shift lever operates a ratchet mechanism that converts the fore-and-
aft motion of the shift lever into rotation of a selector drum (sometimes called a barrel) which has three or
four tracks machined around its circumference Selector forks are guided by the tracks, either directly or via
selector rods. The tracks deviate around the circumference and as the drum rotates, the selector forks are
moved to select the required gear.

A sequential manual transmission is not to be confused with a "sequential" shifting function sometimes
fitted to hydraulic automatic transmission, marketed with terms such as "Tiptronic" or "Sport Shift". This
function allows the driver to select the previous or next gear through the use of buttons or a lever (usually
near the gear shifter or steering wheel); however, the mechanical of the transmission are unrelated to a true
sequential manual transmission.
 Usage -
Most motorcycles use a sequential manual transmission. The rider controls the gear shifter with their foot,
allowing their hands to remain on the handlebars, and gear selection uses a layout of 1 - N - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 -
6 (in a 6-speed gearbox, for example). 

 However, most modern motor scooters do not use a sequential manual transmission; instead using either
a hydraulic automatic transmission, or a belt-driven or chain-driven continuously variable
transmission. Underbones, however, often use a semi-automatic transmission with an
automatic centrifugal clutch, but will still retain the conventional foot-operated gearshift lever, such as
the Honda Super Cub.
 The first proper sequential manual gearbox used in a race car was with the Porsche Type 360 Cisitalia in
1946, followed by the infamously unreliable Queerbox design, pioneered by Richard Ans-dale
and Harry Mundy, which was used in various Lotus Grand Pix race cars during the late-1950s and
early-1960s, beginning with the 1958 Lotus 12, and is technically the first proper "sequential" gearbox
used in a race car.
 Most racing cars also use a sequential transmission now (via a sequential shift lever, with a mechanical
linkage, or electronic paddle shifter) rather than the old H-pattern stick shift, beginning with the paddle-
shifted Williams FW14 Formula One car in 1991, which used a sequential drum-rotation mechanism.
 The first modern sequential manual gearbox with a manual shift lever was used in the 1990 Peugeot
905 Group C sports car, followed by the Ferrari 333 SP LMP racecar and CART Champ
Cars/Indycars in 1994 and 1996,[13] and then the McLaren F1 GTR, Mercedes-Benz CLK
GTR, Porsche 911 GT1, and Panoz Esperante GTR-1 GT1 racecars in 1996 and 1997. This was closely
followed by WRC Rally cars in 1997, 1998, and 1999, and also the Porsche LMP1-98, Nissan R390
GT1, Toyota GT-One, and the BMW V12 LM' and LMR Le Mans Prototype racecars in 1998 and 1999.
 Touring cars have also used sequential manual gearboxes; starting with the European DTM series in
2000, which used it for 12 seasons, until a switch to a paddle-shift system in 2012. The Australian V8
Supercars series started using sequential manual gearboxes in 2008, after switching from an H-pattern
manual gearbox.
 NASCAR is due to introduce a 5-speed sequential manual transmission with their Gen-7 car in 2022,
after using a conventional 4-speed H-pattern manual transmission for many years.Due to the high rate of
wear and abrupt shifting action, sequential manual transmissions are rarely used in passenger cars, albeit
with some exceptions.

 Transmission System In Three Wheeler -

The system by which the power from engine is transmitted to the wheels is called transmission system.
Transmission system carries engine power to the rear wheel. Power at the rear wheels move the vehicle
forward overcoming external forces. Clutch is located between the engine and gearbox. Clutch transmits
engine power to the gearbox. In Three-wheeler, multiple clutches is used. When the clutch is in the
disengaged position, the power transfer is interrupted. Such power interruption will enable shifting of gears
smoothly with out damaging gear teeth. Gearbox provides different torque at the rear wheel according to the
requirements by engaging different gear combination.

 Three Wheeler Frame Component

There is two type of chassis frame, one in which there is a base frame on which the body is superimposed
and the other a frame-less construction designed to combine the function of body and frame.
There are many types of frame chassis available in the market, viz., ladder Frame, backbone tube, perimeter
frame, platform frame, space frame, etc.
In the present project, ladder type chassis was chosen with two side members and six transverse
members which are beam elements of box sections. The rectangular cross section has a length of 40 mm and
width 32 mm with a thickness of 2 mm. The bending moment and torsional advantages of boxed section
over all other available sections enabled the criteria of its choice.

 Three Wheeler Transmission System Steps -

Transmission Steps of Three Wheeler.

1 .Twist Grip
2 .Clutch Control Lever
3 .Gear Cables
4 .Clutch
5 .Corona Gear
6 .Sector
7 .Stem And guide bush
8 .Flange
9 .Reverse Control Gear
10 .Differential Gear
11 .Propeller Shaft

 Twist Grip

A twist grip is a handle that can be twisted to operate a control. It is commonly found as a motorcycle's
right handlebar grip to control the throttle, but is sometimes found elsewhere, such as on a bicycle as
a gearshift, and in helicopters.
 Clutch Control Lever

Clutch control refers to the act of controlling the speed of a vehicle with a manual transmission by partially
engaging the clutch plate, using the clutch pedal instead of (or in conjunction with) the accelerator pedal.
The purpose of a clutch is in part to allow such control; in particular, a clutch provides transfer of torque
between shafts spinning at different speeds. In the extreme, clutch control is used in performance driving,
such as starting from a dead stop with the engine producing maximum torque at high RPM.