Business mathematics

Add, subtract, multiply

Fractions, decimal, percentage

How can we apply this basic mathematics to business and consumer mathematics?

LOOKING BACK IN BASIC OF FRACTIONS

Has something to do WITH DENOMINATOR, NEUMINATOR, and vinculum

Vulgar fraction

A PART OF A WHOLE: FRACTION

IF YOU GET ONE PART FROM A WHOLE OF 3 THE EXPRESSION WILL BE 1/3

6 IS HALF TO A DOZEN: ½

EVERY YEAR NAAY 54 WEEK NYA 10 YEARS IMO ITIMES: 18/540 WEEKS

IT IS PART OF A CENTURY: ¼

TWO QUARTS IS A PART OF A GALLON: ½

FRACTION: PROPER, IMPROPER, MIX NUMBERS

PROPER: EXPRESS AMOUNT WHICH ARE LESS THAN A UNIT

LOWER AOR LESS THAN A WHOLE EX. 3/5

THE NUMERICAL VALUE OF THE NEUMERATOR IS LESSER THAN THE DENOMINATOR

IMPROPER: EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN A UNIT

THE NUMERICAL VALUE OF THE DENOMINATOR IS HIGHER THAN NEUMERATOR

EX. 10/10, 12/3

MIX NUMBERS: consists of a whole number and a fraction

HOW FINDING PART OF A WHOLE IS IS SIMILAR TO FINDING PART TO A SET?

Summarize: all about fraction

Though it is a basic topic, but along the way you need to understand to comprehend but it is not only all
about basic concept. It’ll relate to being a consumer and other complicated things in life. Though simple
ra ang fraction but it can be complicated depending on the question
Meeting 2
Similar fractions: same denominators (we can just simply add numerator)
Dissimilar Fractions: Doesn’t have common denominator (we can’t add it)
Convert it. Look for the LCD of the denominator to change it to similar fractions or
simply multiply the entire denominator.

If mixed numbers are dissimilar fractions

Convert all the mixed numbers to improper fraction by multiplying the whole number to the
denominator and then add the numerator. The denominator will stay the same, and then
change it to similar fractions.

3 4/3 + 2 3/2

3 4/3 (3*3= 9+4) = 13/3

2 3/2 (2*2=4+3) = 7/2

Change it to similar fraction: denominator: 6

7+13= 20/6 REDUCE= 5/3

Multiply the numerator to the numerator and also for the denominator if it is a similar fraction.

(Reduce if needed)

When it is a whole number just convert it to fraction with the denominator of 1

5/2*3

5/2*3/1= 15/2

Change the mix to improper

4 2/3 change to improper 14/3

5 ¼ becomes 21/ 4

How? >Multiply denominator and whole number then add the numerator

Apply cancelation in multiplying fractions so it’ll be less complicated rather than reducing it in the end.

In converting improper to mix just simply divide the numerator to the denominator

For the division of fractions (always used in business and financial business)

Simply invert the divisor then multiply

½ dived by 1/2 invert it then it becomes ½ times 2/1 and then multiply the two fractions.

Lesson decimal and percent and reverse

To change ½ to decimal simply divide 1 by 2 (divide the numerator to the denominator) which is .5

Converting decimals to fractions

.75 (the placement of the decimal numbers is in the hundredth place therefore 75/100)

(Reduce if needed)

.375= 375/1000

DECIMAL TO PERCENTAGE

.75 To percent (move the decimal two places to the right) = 75%

In converting percentage to decimal, move the decimal two places to the left

125%= 1.25

A whole number in a fraction is also considered as the whole umber in a decimal

4 ½ = 4.5

11 3/5= 11.6
How fractions and decimals the same and differ

Same: in its value

Differ: its expression

When the numerator is the same how do we to differentiate which is greater?

The greater the numerator the greater the fractional value

5/8 and 6/8= 6/8 is greater than 5/8

When the numerator is the same how will we know which was smaller?

The smaller the denominator the greater the value and vice versa

2/3 and 2/4 = 2/3 is lesser than 2/4.

Presentation of ratio and proportion

Outing or stablishing of business

Understanding what ratio and proprtion is

Percentage base rate

BASE KINA TIBOKAN. THE TOTALITY THE WHOLE

Rate number of hundereds is taken reprecnted with %

Percentage the quantitative relation to the whole

100 piices (base) 50 is the percentage

50 % is the rate

Formula:

Percentage is eual to baxe times rate

 Ratio and Proportion

The relation of two numbers two magnitudes of the same kind

1:2
one is to two simply an expression of a columns

fraction/ division

One over 2 or 1 divided by 2

Twice many married employees is to single employees

Relation as two parts

Two ways for ratio

Division

Sizes of shirts

30 small

50 medium

20 large

30:50:20

Add to get the whole = 100 (denominator)

How small size relation to the whole 20 is to 100?

To get the ratio we compared the numerator

To total numerator is equal to the whole

PROPORTION

The equality between ratio an expression that simply two ratios are being compared which is equal to
each there 8 written with equal signs between

1=2

The number close to the equal signs represents the mean both left and right

And to the extend values are extremes

The product of means is equal to the product of extremes

1 is to blank is equal to 8 is equal to 16 (answer is 2)

1*2=2

8*
Three types

Direct porportion

directly proponate to the other on one value increases as the other

X and y are directly propotionate ifone increase I tincreses too and vice versa

Cross multiply solving the unknown stating in fractional form

3 notebook ocst 15 how mnay notebooks for 60 pesos

X value is to 60\

Or 3/50=x/60

By cross multiply the x will be on the left of the equation

X=3*15

3*60

2nd: indirect/ inverse proportion

The number is indrectly proportionate to each other

X and y inverse relationship

It Increse it decrease

Ex. Working on a task more number of people the lesser time it’ll take to accomplish (and vice versa)

The length and width if 5cm and 4 cm with area of 20

Double one side and 5 the 10 cm the other side will be lessen to maintain the same area

The product is a constant as our example

3rd: partitive proportion

Identifying part of a whole base of ratio of this parts

Talking about a whole divided into parts

 Ex. Partnership agredd a capitalisation of 100 pesos

The same capitalisation will be dived by 1;2;2

Xyz the partners a=in the business who need capitalisation that neeed to bi dived to pertitive
porporotion which is 1;2;2

A certain value is being diveded into the number of partners

How much partner will take as part of that particular value

The value is 100,000 which will be porportioned in termes of quanititive propotion the proportion will
be 1;2;2

Add the nunerator

Becaue te ration and rporpotion the ratio is the reperesnetion of the whole to the porpotion

Numerator is 122 equal to 5 1/5 maki 2/5 reteza and gular

Therefore saying our capitalisation is 100000 the partititve propotion what will be he part of makiputin

Maki=1/5*1000000= 20.000

Reteza=400000

So as gular

20+40+40=100

This is partitive proportion

Summary:
The vertical analysis

Primarily this invlolcves the comparison with one nuber to another to identify siginificatn relarinsip

When man ta mag compaer? Income statement

Iconvert nato sa common size statement that is what we call vertical analysis
are financial, statement express in percent to convert regular statement to common statement

What another number that you can replace mix sales 150 000 what other value

You can change it to percent 1500000 = 100%

100% of 150000 is 150000