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3D Geometry One Shot #BounceBack
3D Geometry One Shot #BounceBack
3d Geometry
Nishant Vora
B.Tech - IIT Patna
12th / Drop
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Cartesian
Coordinate System
9
Cartesian Coordinate System in 3D
➢ 3 Coordinate Axes
➢ 3 Coordinate Planes
➢ 8 Octants
Distance formulae
Distance between the points (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2 , z2)
is equal to
Section formulae
given by
given by
y
Distance of Point P from xy plane = | z |
Distance of Point P from yz plane = | x |
Distance of Point P from xz plane = | y |
P (x, y, z)
z
Distance of a point from Coordinate axes
P (x, y, z)
z
If A and B are foot of perpendicular from (3, 7, 4) on the XY plane
and YZ plane respectively, then find the length of AB.
P (3, 7, 4)
z
Direction Ratios
and Direction
Cosines
17
Direction Cosines (DCs)
If ∝, β, ⋎ are the angles which vector makes with positive direction of
the x, y, z axes respectively then their cosines cos∝, cosβ, cos𝜸 are
called the direction cosines of the vector and are generally denoted by
l, m, n respectively.
Thus l = cos ∝, m = cos β, n = cos 𝜸
Important Results
2010
Equation of
Straight Line
25
Equation of Line: Vector Form
A(i + 2j + 3k)
Equation of Line: Cartesian Form
A(1, 2, 3)
Find the equation of the line through the point 2i + j - 3k and
parallel to the vector 4i + 5j in
I. Vector Form
II. Cartesian Form
A
Find the equation of the line through the point (1, 2, -1) and
having DRs 2, -3 and 5
I. Vector Form
II. Cartesian Form
A
Equation of Line: Vector Form
➞
B(b)
➞
A(a)
Find the equation of straight line passing through points A (6, -7, -1)
and B (2, -3, 1) in
I. Vector Form
II. Cartesian Form
B(2, -3, 1)
32
Angle Between Two Lines
A. B. C. D.
38
Parametric Coordinates of a
Line
Find parametric coordinates of straight lines
I.
II.
Point of Intersection
of Two Lines
40
Point of Intersection of two Lines
Find the point of intersection of L1 and L2
Foot of Perpendicular/
Image from Point to
Line
42
Find the foot of perpendicular from the point (0, 2, 3) on the line
P(0, 2, 3)
Image of Point in Line
Perpendicular Distance
of Point from Line
45
Perpendicular Distance of Point from Line
49
Skew Lines
Non parallel, non intersecting lines are called skew lines
Shortest Distance between two Skew Lines
Shortest distance =
Consider the lines
A. 0 B. 17 / √3 C. 41 / 5√3 D. 17 / 5√3
and
μ ∈ R is 9, then α is equal to _
57
Shortest Distance between two Parallel Lines
Condition for
Coplanarity
59
Condition of Coplanarity (for vectors)
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
65
Definition of Plane
Representation of Plane : P, ∏, 𝝈
General Equation of Plane
Note
3
1. Point - Normal
Form
Find the equation of plane passing through (2,0,1) and normal to
2i + j - k in
I. Vector Form
II. Cartesian Form
Note
If the Equation of Plane is 2x + y + 2z = 5, then find
I. Normal Vector
II. DRs of Normal
III. DCs of Normal
IV. Equation of plane in Vector Form
2. Three Points Form
3. Plane Containing Two Intersecting Lines
4. Equation of Plane Containing Two Parallel Lines
5. Equation of Plane: Normal Form
Find the vector equation of plane which is at a distance of 8 units from
the origin and which is normal to the vector 2i + j + 2k.
6. Intercept form
Let the plane ax + by + cz + d = 0 bisect the line joining the points
(4, -3, 1) and (2, 3, -5) at the right angles. If a, b, c, d are integers,
then the minimum value of (a2 + b2 + c2 + d2) is
84
Perpendicular Distance Of A Point From A Plane
[JEE Adv. 2006]
Distance Between
Two Parallel Planes
88
Distance between Two Parallel Planes
[JEE Adv. 2010]
The equation of the planes parallel to the plane x - 2y + 2z - 3 = 0
which are at unit distance from the point (1, 2, 3) is ax + by + cz +
d = 0. If (b - d) = K(c - a), then the positive value of K is
94
Image of Point in Plane
Foot of Perpendicular from Point on the Plane
A. 47 B. 39 C. 43 D. 41
100
Solving Line and Plane
The distance of the point (1, 1, 9) from the point of intersection of
the line and the plane x + y + z = 17 is :
Projection of Line
Segment on Plane
103
Projection of Line Segment on Plane
[JEE M 2018]
Angle between Plane-Plane,
Line-Line and Line-Plane
106
Angle Between Two Planes
Angle Between Two Planes
Angle Between Line and Plane
Parallel and Perpendicular Planes
Consider the three planes
P1 : 3x + 15y + 21z = 9
P2 : x - 3y - z = 5, and
P3 : 2x + 10y + 14z = 5
Then, which one of the following is true ?
112
Family of Planes
The equation of a plane containing the line of intersection of the
planes 2x - y - 4 = 0 and y + 2z - 4 = 0 and passing through the
point (1, 1, 0) is :
117
Bisector of Angle between Two Lines
Bisector of Angle between Two Lines
A. B. C. D.
[JEE Adv. 2020]
Bisector of Angle between Two Planes
Acute and Obtuse Angle
Bisectors
2
Equation of plane bisecting the acute angle between the planes
x - y + z - 1 = 0 and x + y + z - 2 = 0
A. x + z = 3/2 B. 2y = 1
C. x - y - z = 3 D. x + 2z = 3
Equation of Straight
Line in Unsymmetrical
Form
126
Equation of Straight Line in Symmetrical form
Equation of Straight Line in Unsymmetrical form
Consider the planes 3x - 6y - 2z = 15 and 2x + y - 2z = 5
Statement-1 : The parametric equations of the line of intersection of
the given planes are x = 3 + 14t, y = 1 + 2t, z = 15t. Because
Statement-2 : The vector 14î + 2ĵ + 15k̂ is parallel to the lines of
intersection of given planes.
131
Equation of Sphere
Equation of Sphere
General Equation of Sphere
Plane and Sphere
The plane x + 2y - z = 4 cuts the sphere x2 + y2 -x + z - 2 = 0
In a circle of radius
A. 3 B. 1
[2005]
C. 2 D. √2
Intersection of Two Spheres
The intersection of the spheres
x2 + y2 + z2 + 7x - 2y - z = 13 and
x2 + y2 + z2 -3x + 3y + 4z = 8 is the same as the intersection of
one of the sphere and the plane
[2004]
A. 2x - y - z = 1 B. x - 2y - z = 1
C. x - y - 2z = 1 D. x - y - z = 1
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