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Design of Canal Syphon
Design of Canal Syphon
Design of Canal Syphon
579252380.xls
I.D.R., Jaipur
(a) Canal
(b) Drain
HYDRAULIC DESIGN :
P = 4.83 X Q 1/2
= 4.83 X 10
= 48.3
Provide bed width of the drain at the crossing = 44.50 m.
40
Velocity through the barrels = = 2.67 m/sec
15
< 6.00 m/sec
The velocity is within the recommended range
The size of the barrel is, therefore okay
It should be checked that the flow is subcritical in the barrel, .i.e., Froude number (F) should
be less than unity
Now F = V/(gd)1/2
Where,
V = 2.67 m/sec
g = 9.81 m/sec
d = 2.50 m
Therefore,
F = 0.538
Since the value of F is less than 1 the flow will be subcritical in the barrel
11.70
Length of contraction transition =
-------- X 2 = 11.7 m
2
11.70
Length of expansion transition = -------- X 3 = 17.55 m
2
Assume,Length of the barrels in the flumed portion= 70.0 m > 68.50 m
assumed length is O.K.
In the transitions, the side slopes of the section shall be warped from 1.50 : 1 to vertical.
1 2 3 4
Canal
18.0 6.3 18.0
R.C.C. barrels
11.70 70.00 17.55
1 2 3 4
Canal waterway (All dim in meter)
At section 4-4
At section 3-3
Water depth at the entry and exit of the barrel should be kept slightly higher than the depth
of the barrels so as to keep the ends of the barrel submerged for proper syphoning
Provide water depth equal to 3.00 m
Area of section = 3.00 X 6.3
= 18.9 Sq.m.
Velocity = Q/A = 2.116 m/sec
Velocity head = V2/2g = 0.228 m
Loss of head in expansion from section 3-3 to section 4-4
= 0.3 (V22 - V12) /2g
= 0.056 m
Hence elevation of T.E.L. at section 3-3
= 252.141 + 0.056
= 252.197 m
R.L. of water surface = 252.197 - 0.228
= 251.969 m
R.L. of bed = 251.969 - 3.00
= 248.969 m
From section 3 - 3 to section 2 - 2, area and velocity are constant.
f2 = a(1+b/R)
Where, a = 0.00316 , b = 0.10000
L = 70.0 m
R = A/P
= 0.682 m
Hence,
f2 = 0.00362
At section 2-2
At section 1-1
(4) Transitions
The general method of Hinds shall be applied for designing the transitions, as the water depths in
the transitions vary from 2.10 m to 3.00 m
=
2
= 5.85 m
y1 0.112
C = = = 0.00328
x12 34.223
The details of the contraction transition have been worked out in Table 1
3 R.L. 252.10
y1 = 0.065
R.L. 251.97
x1= 8.775
17.55 4
3
Expansion transition
Table 1
Provide 0.30 m thick concrete slab and 0.60 m thick earth fill over the slab
The invert level of the barrel would be kept at 248.40 m in a length of 44.5 m
(under base of drain) after which it would meet the respective bed levels at the entrance and
exit, so as to obtain a slope of about 1in 15 in the barrel at either side.
Thus, Length of barrel upstream = 16.00 m
Length of barrel downstream = 8.00 m
The length of the pucca floor on either end should be adequate to provide safe hydraulic gradient
and its thickness sufficient to counterbalance the total uplift pressure by gravity. The barrel shall
be made of reinforced concrete box construction and its structural design is given subsequently.
Provide pucca floor in half the transition length in the upstream and 3/4 th the length of expansion
transition in the downstream.
Length of pucca floor upstream = 1/2 X 11.7
= 5.85 m
say 6.00 m
Length of pucca floor downstream = 3/4 X 17.55
= 13.16 m
= say 13.00 m
The floor shall be subjected to static uplift and seepage head; it is maximum when high flood is
passing through the drain and there is no flow in the barrel. The seepage head would be
calculated by Bligh's theory.
The seepage head will be maximum when the drain is running full and there is
The residual seepage head at point 'a' in the centre of the first barrel has been calculated by
Bligh's theory. The seepage line would follow the path indicated by the line x a b y. Its total length
(neglecting floor depression or thickness) is the sum of the following
Thus total creep length = 22.50 m and creep length upto point 'a' i.e. centre of first
barreel= 1.5 m
c.c.floor
c.c.cutoff
8 13.00
a b
1.5 y
x
R.C.C.Barrel
Barrel Plan
total creep length upto the end of barrel floor i.e. at point b
= 1.5 + 8.0
= 9.5 m
Hence ,
Residual seepage head at this point = 1.88 m
Provide 2.20 m thick c.c.floor d/s and reduce it to thickness 0.90 m at the end of floor
Provide 1.60 m thick c.c.floor u/s and reduce it to thickness 0.70 m at the end of floor
********************** **********************
DRAIN
TRANSITION WING TRANSITION WING
4.28 B 4.28
A A
18.00 3.00
CANAL 3.00
B
4.28 16.00 44.50 8.00 4.28
PLAN
0.60 TH. EARTH FILL
TOP OF WING WALL TOP OF WING WALL
R.L. 253.47 254.00 R.L. 252.85
R.L. 254.00 H.F.L. 253.25
U/S F.S.L. 252.72 D/S F.S.L.
CANAL
U/S BED R.L. 250.62 D/S R.L.
249.50 2.50 248.97
248.40
U/S TOE WALL U/S CUT OFF C.C. BLOCK 0.30 TH. R.C.C. BARREL LEAN CONCRETE C.C. BLOCK D/S CUT OFF D/S TOE WALL
DRY BRICK PITCHING 5.70 6.00 16.00 44.50 8.00 13.00 4.55 D.B. PITCHING
18.00
12.86
13.62
7.73
6.30
6.30
6.30
6.61
7.73
9.96
6.00
3.00 8.78
5.85 11.55
4.275 8.70 14.55 4.275
11.70 17.55
0.70 0.90
1.15
1.30
1.60
1.70
2.20
2.00
4.00 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25
6.00
13.00
4.28
18.00
4.28
252.10
250.00
NAME OF PROJECT :
DESIGN DATA :
7 GRADE OF CONCRETE M 20
The barrel shall be subjected to maximum loading under the bank at the lowest possible
level of the barrel as indicated below in the following section:-
R.L. 251.20 m
2.50
R.L. 248.40 m
R.L. 248.10 m
6.90
(3) Design
As the barrels are rigidly joined, they should be designed as a continuous structure. Hardy Cross
method of moment distribution shall be used for design.
The effective length of horizontal member = 3.30 m
The effective length of vertical member = 2.80 m
Distribution factors
At joint A
2.8
For member AB = = 0.46
2.8 + 3.3
3.3
For member AD = = 0.54
2.8 + 3.3
At joint D
3.3
For member DA = = 0.54
2.8 + 3.3
2.8
For member DC = = 0.46
2.8 + 3.3
Weight on the top slab including its own weight = 5.3 + 0.72
= 6.02 t/m 2
18.082
Pressure on foundation soil = = 2.62 t/m2
6.90
6.02 t/m2
3.33 t/m 2
3.33 t/m2
A B E
3.30 3.30
2.80
D C F
7.07 t/m2 D 7.07 t/m2
6.83 t/m 2
(i) On span AB = 12 = 12
= 5.46 t-m
(ii) On span CD = 12 = 12
= 6.20 t-m
(iii) On span AD fixed end moments in the wall at each end due to rectangular portion
= 12 = 12
= 2.178 t-m
3.73 X 2.8 2
MAD = 30
= 0.9756 t-m
20
= 1.4635 t-m
Joints C D A B
Distribution 0.46 0.54 0.54 0.46
factors
Fixed end -6.20 6.20 -3.64 3.15 -5.46 5.46
moments
Balance -1.18 -1.39 1.25 1.06
Carry over -0.59 0.62 -0.69 0.53
Balance -0.29 -0.34 0.37 0.32
Carry over -0.14 0.19 -0.17 0.16
Balance -0.09 -0.10 0.09 0.08
Carry over -0.04 0.05 -0.05 0.04
Balance -0.02 -0.02 0.03 0.02
Span AB
6.02 X 3.3 6.02 X 0.15 2
Sagging moments at face = ------------------- X 0.15 - -----------------------------
2 2
= 1.4222 t-m
3.15
Fixing moments at face= 3.98 + ( 6.19 - 3.98 )
3.3
= 6.0907 t-m
8
= 8.1947 t-m
Span CD
= 1.6145 t-m
= 6.8693 t-m
= 9.3027 t-m
= 5.8043 t-m
Span AD
= 0.6625 t-m
= 0.2606 t-m
Total sagging moments at face = 0.662 + 0.261
= 0.92 t-m
2.8
= 4.598 t-m
8
= 3.27 t-m
4.63 + 3.98
Fixing moments at centre =
2
= 4.31 t-m
The net moments at face and centre of the different spans are tabulated below :
MOMENTS
Span
At face At centre
AB 4.67 t-m (hogging) 3.11 t-m (sagging)
CD 5.25 t-m (hogging) 3.50 t-m (sagging)
AD 3.67 t-m (hogging) 0.83 t-m (sagging)
Ö Ö
M 5.25 X 105
d = =
bQ 100 X 11.552
= 21.33 cm
(vii) Reinforcement
Span AB & BE
Moments in t-m Reinforcement required
Nominal steel shall also be provided on the outer face of the walls for the condition when there is
no water in the drain and barrels are running full. The details of reinforcement are shown below
16 mm f @ 14.0 cm c/c
16 mm f @ 14.0 cm c/c
12 mm f @ 25.0 cm c/c
16 mm f @ 21.0 cm c/c
16 mm f @ 18.0 cm c/c
************* *************