LATIN-
FORMS OF LATIN-
AMERICAN
MUSIC
The rhythm and styles of Latin-American
music are influenced by the United States and
other countries in Europe like Spain and
Portugal. Latin music is the combination of four
musical elements, musical styles, cultural
backgrounds, language, and geography. Some
of the musical styles are tango, bossa nova,
merengue, and salsa and also other genres
such as reggae, jazz, rock, and Latin pop
Different Instruments Used in
Latin-American Music
1. Bombo -It is a dual-headed drum made from a deep tree trunk with
patches made up of calf or goat skin; it is played using two sticks.
2. Chajchas – It is a rattle made up of dried hooves from sheep, llama, or
goat and is worn with a wrist cloth bracelet.
3. Zamponas – It is a panpipe-type of reed made up of bamboo that are tied
together.
4. Charango – This is an instrument made from the shell of an Armadillo.
This is a ten-string guitar instrument.
.5. Quena – It is a flute made of bones or bamboo that has a vertical-notched
reed.
6. Cajon – It is a rectangular box made of wood; it is played and used as a
drum. It is used by tapping its front part while the musician sits on it.
7. Maracas – These are instruments made of gourd-like coconut shells with
beans, seeds, or small pebbles placed inside; they are played by shaking.
8. Claves – These are a pair of hardwood sticks playe by striking them
together.
VOCAL AND DANCE
AMERICA
1. Cumbia – It is a type of dance and music similar
to salsa and uses instruments like accordions,
guitars, and percussions.
2. Tango – This is a lively and spirited dance of
tgwo people. It is a passionate kind of dance that
shows expression and connection, and is
performed in a traditional or modern style.
3. Cha-cha – This is a Latin-American ballroom
dance with the basic pattern of three steps with a
shuffle. It has a fast rhythmic pattern.
4. Bossanova – This a style of music that was
derived from samba, which is an original Brazilian
music. It gives more emphasis on percussion and
melody.
5. Pasodoble – It is Spain’s traditional couple dance. It
uses music that is traditionally played in bull fighting.
6. Reggae – This is a Jamaican form of music and dance
with strong, accented, and supplementary beats. In the
1960s, it was known as the ska and is a variation of
rhythm and blues. The popular artist of this genre was KRISTIAN S.
Bob Marley. CORONADO
7. Rumba – This is a kind of song and a dance that
originated from Cuba with a percussive rhythm and a
combination of Cuba’s musical and dance traditions.
8. Foxtrot – It is a ballroom dance of two quick slow
steps and two quick steps and is executed alternately in
4/4 time signature.
AFRO LATIN
& AMERICA
MUSIC
 CHARACTERISTICS OF AFRICAN MUSIC
AFRO LATIN AFRO-LATIN AMERICAN
MUSIC
& AMERICA 1. Conversation: “Call and response” – a
African music is a rich and diverse cultural heritage that exist
in hundreds of different languages. The music in Africa

MUSIC
always has the technique of “call and response” in which a
performance of voice interaction as an answer to
person leads by singing a phrase and followed and answered
the first chant. by a group of singers. They usually perform by singing and
2. Improvisation: Non-scripted ways of singing using percussion instruments played either by hands or with
The history of Afro-Latin American music
that allow for sincere conversations. It is a sticks, drums, and others, and they them also for
can be tracd during the European
framework where the artist has freedom in communication to convey news, to teach, to tell a story, and
colonization and slave trade in Africa for religious purposes; this includes the Maracatu.
creating the musical mood.
Latin America is comprised of different
3. The voice as an instrument: It is the
regions such as the Caribbean Islands,
manipulation of a freely controlled piece where Vocal Forms of African Music
Mexico, and Central and South Americas
they can change the tone of voice, its tempo, the 1.Blues-This is a gloomy flok music of African-american origin,
which are of diversified cultures of the which is naturally in a twelve-bar order.
creation of moods, and even changing the range
European, Moors, Mexicans, and other 2.Soul-This is a kinds of music combining the basics of rhythm
and voice power.
tribes if Africa. European countries and blues and gospel music, which was popularized by the
4. The instrument as a voice: The instrument African-Americans.
contributed religions and languages like
serves as a “singer” along with the range and voice 3.Spiritual-This kind of music is always with a Christian or
Spanish and Portuguese. Their music is religious theme. This kind of music is monophonic in
power.
identified by their rhythms, which they nature and in a capella, which is the origin of the music
which we call blues.
adapted from the elements of Moorish
4.Call and Response-This is a sequence of two
music and African and Caribbean music different phrases usually played by two or more
in the slave trade from 1550 to 1880. musicians.
The enslaved Moors of North America in
1776 were prohibited from playing
drums, but in the Congo Square in New
Orleans, Caribbean slaves were free to
play their drums for recreation and
entertainment and also for
communication.