MEC3457

Systems and Control

Dr Wang Xin

School of Engineering
Modelling simple systems-deriving Transfer functions

• Mechanical
• Electrical
• Level control
• Hydraulic
• Pneumatic
• Thermal

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Assume:
• Tank at t=0 is in steady
state
• Laminar flow ∴ Q = 𝑅𝐻
• R lineal
• 𝑞𝑖 is small compared to Q
(so the system has lineal
behaviour)

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Derive the Transfer Function between pi and po
Assume:
• Tank at t=0 is in steady state
• R lineal
• 𝑝𝑖 is small compared to P (so the system
has lineal behaviour)
• V = volume of the vessel
• m = mass gas-stored

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 Simple Pneumatic System
Derive the Transfer Function between pi and x

Resistance 𝑅𝑞 = 𝑝𝑖 − 𝑝𝑜

𝑑𝑝𝑜
Vessel 𝐶 =𝑞
𝑑𝑡

Force balance 𝑝𝑜 𝐴 = 𝑘𝑥

Applying Laplace Transform

Assume that steady-state values (assuming zero initial conditions)
of the air pressure and the
displacement of the bellows are 𝑃ത 𝑋(𝑠) 𝐴 1
ത respectively. =
and 𝑋, 𝑃𝑖 (𝑠) 𝐾 𝑅𝐶𝑆 + 1

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 • Hydraulic integral controller
Derive the Transfer Function between x and y

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• Hydraulic proportional controller
Derive the Transfer Function between e and y

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