ASSIGNMENT 2

DC-DC CONVERTORS
Contents
1.0 Objectives: .............................................................................................................................................. 2
2.0 Introduction:............................................................................................................................................ 2
3.0 Design Equations: ................................................................................................................................... 2
3.1 Buck Convertor: .................................................................................................................................. 2
3.2 Boost Convertor: ................................................................................................................................. 3
3.3 Buck Boost Convertor: ....................................................................................................................... 3
4.0 Simulations And Simulations Results: .................................................................................................... 4
4.1 Buck convertor:................................................................................................................................... 4
4.2 Boost Convertor: ................................................................................................................................. 6
4.3 Buck Boost Convertor: ....................................................................................................................... 8
5.0 Conclusion: ............................................................................................................................................. 9
1.0 Objectives:
Our objective is to design the DC-DC buck, boost and buck boost convertor according to given
specifications and to analyze its results through simulations.

2.0 Introduction:
DC-DC convertors are used to step up or step down the DC voltage. There are three types that
we discussed Buck, Boost and Buck Boost convertors. Each convertor needs diode, inductor,
capacitor and switch. They convert the voltage level from one to other. As buck converters work
for step down the voltages, boost convertors work for step up the voltages and buck boost works
as a both step up and down.

3.0 Design Equations:

3.1 Buck Convertor:
As buck convertor used to step down the voltage, its design requirements is input voltage Vin is
80v and output voltage is 50v. So, its design equations are given below
𝑉𝑜 = 𝐷𝑉𝑖𝑛
Here D is the duty cycle of the Pulse.
𝑉𝑜
𝐷=
𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝐷 = 0.625
Also, I take Rload is 10 ohm and switching frequency is 40k Hz, so we can find the values of
capacitor and inductor which are
𝑅
𝐿𝑚𝑖𝑛 = (1 − 𝐷) ∗
2𝑓
𝐿𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 46.87𝑢𝐻
For continuous conduction mode we take L > Lmin , so L= 58.6uH.
For capacitor value we can deduce the equation as
1−𝐷
𝐶=
∆𝑉𝑜
8𝐿 𝑓
𝑉𝑜
Here for design we take the ripple voltage is 1% so we can find the value of C
𝐶 = 100𝑢𝐹
3.2 Boost Convertor:
As boost convertor used to step up the voltage, its design requirements are input voltage Vin is
30v and output voltage Vo is 55v. So, its design equations are given below
𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝑉𝑜 =
1−𝐷
Here D is the duty cycle of the Pulse.
𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝐷 =1−
𝑉𝑜
𝐷 = 0.4545
Also, I take Rload is 50 ohm and switching frequency is 25k Hz, so we can find the values of
capacitor and inductor which are
𝑅
𝐿𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐷(1 − 𝐷) ∗
2𝑓
𝐿𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 135𝑢𝐻
For continuous conduction mode we take L > Lmin , so we take L= 170uH.
Also we can find the inductor current as
𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝐼=
(1 − 𝐷) 𝑅
𝐼 = 1.099𝐴
For capacitor value we can deduce the equation as
𝐷
𝐶=
∆𝑉𝑜
𝑅 𝑓
𝑉𝑜
Here for design we take the ripple voltage is 1% so we can find the value of C
𝐶 = 36.36𝑢𝐹
We use capacitor value is C=40uF.

3.3 Buck Boost Convertor:

Since buck boost convertor used for both step up and stepdown voltage here we used as step up
and its design requirements are Vin=60v and Vo=90v We can analyze its equations which are
𝑉𝑜 = −𝑉𝑖𝑛𝐷/(1 − 𝐷)
Here negative sign shows the opposite polarity and D is the duty cycle of the Pulse.
 𝑉𝑜
𝐷=
𝑉𝑖𝑛 + 𝑉𝑜
𝐷 = 0.6
Also, I take Rload is 50 ohm and switching frequency is 100k Hz, so we can find the values of
capacitor and inductor which are
𝑅
𝐿𝑚𝑖𝑛 = (1 − 𝐷)^2 ∗
2𝑓
𝐿𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 40𝑢𝐻
For continuous conduction mode we take L > Lmin , so L= 50uH.
For capacitor value we can deduce the equation as
𝐷
𝐶=
∆𝑉𝑜
𝑅 𝑓
𝑉𝑜
Here for design we take the ripple voltage is 1% so we can find the value of C
𝐶 = 12𝑢𝐹

4.0 Simulations , Results and Analysis:

4.1 Buck convertor:
Schematic of buck convertor is
And its results with node voltages are given as

Results of transient analysis are

4.2 Boost Convertor:
Schematic of boost convertor is

And its results with node voltages are given as

Results of transient analysis are
4.3 Buck Boost Convertor:
Schematic of buck boost convertor is
5.0 Conclusion:
After performing this lab, we can design the DC-DC convertor by using given
specifications and design requirements also we can see that our results come according to our
analysis and expectations. We observed that, In Boost converter the given input is amplified at
output, in buck converter the given input in suppressed at output while in Buck-Boost both
amplification and suppression can be performed.