Fascism 

(/ˈfæʃɪzəm/) is a form of far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism[1] characterized by dictatorial

power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and the
economy[2] that rose to prominence in early 20th-century Europe.[3][4] The first fascist
movements emerged in Italy during World War I, before spreading to other European countries.
[3]
 Opposed to anarchism, democracy, liberalism, and Marxism,[5] fascism is placed on the far right-
wing within the traditional left–right spectrum.[3][6]
Fascists saw World War I as a revolution that brought massive changes to the nature of war, society,
the state, and technology. The advent of total war and the total mass mobilization of society had
broken down the distinction between civilians and combatants. A military citizenship arose in which
all citizens were involved with the military in some manner during the war.[7] The war had resulted in
the rise of a powerful state capable of mobilizing millions of people to serve on the front lines and
providing economic production and logistics to support them, as well as having unprecedented
authority to intervene in the lives of citizens.[7]
Fascists believe that liberal democracy is obsolete. They regard the complete mobilization of society
under a totalitarian one-party state as necessary to prepare a nation for armed conflict and to
respond effectively to economic difficulties.[8] A fascist state is led by a strong leader (such as
a dictator) and a martial law government composed of the members of the governing fascist party to
forge national unity and maintain a stable and orderly society.[8] Fascism rejects assertions that
violence is automatically negative in nature and views imperialism, political violence and war as
means that can achieve national rejuvenation.[9] Fascists advocate a dirigisme[10] [11] economy, with the
principal goal of achieving autarky (national economic self-sufficiency)
through protectionist and economic interventionist policies.[12] The extreme authoritarianism and
nationalism of fascism often manifests a belief in racial purity or a master race, usually synthesized
with some variant of racism or bigotry against a demonized "Other". These ideas have motivated
fascist regimes to commit genocides, massacres, forced sterilizations, mass killings, and
forced deportations.[13]
Since the end of World War II in 1945, few parties have openly described themselves as fascist; the
term is more often used pejoratively by political opponents. The descriptions of neo-fascist or post-
fascist are sometimes applied more formally to describe contemporary parties of the far-right with
ideologies similar to, or rooted in, 20th-century fascist movements