Lesson 2

Collection of Data

I. Sources of Data

Data consist of numbers, words, or images, particularly as measurements or

observations of a set of variables. Processed data suitable for human interpretation is called
information.

There are two sources of data: namely primary source or secondary source.
Primary source data refers to the first hand data or information that is collected, compiled
and published by the researcher himself. These are also called as original source data or first-
hand and source data.

The other source of data is called secondary source data. It refers to data or
information that is collected by others to be "re-used" by the researcher. It can be taken from a
published or unpublished medium such as books, newspapers, magazines, journals, online
articles, thesis and many more.

II. Methods of Collecting Primary Data

Primary data can be collected through the following methods:

1. Direct Method
This method is also called as the interview method. It is a face to face
interaction between the interviewer and interviewee. It may be taped, videoed or written.

2. Indirect Method
This method is also called as the questionnaire method. The researcher
prepares a questionnaire where the respondents write their answers. This method is more`
convenient simple because it is less time and effort consuming. Questionnaires may be mailed
through post office or through internet. However, proper construction of questionnaire must be
observed to avoid inconsistencies with the respondents’ answers.

3. Registration
It is enforced by private organization or laws for the purpose of recording.
Examples of this are the registrations of birth, death and marriages, such records are used by
the government in creation or modifying existing laws or acts.

4. Observation
It is a scientific method of investigation that uses of all senses to
measure outcome from the subject of the study. This is also used for unconscious respondents
or those who are illiterate.

5. Experimentation
This method is used when the purpose is to find out cause and effect of a
certain phenomenon under some controlled conditions.
AMA1201
Lesson 2: Collection of Data

Examples: Determine the best method of collecting each of the following data.

1. A newly opened coffee shop wants to know if customers are satisfied on their service.
2. Korina Sanchez wants to get president’s view on tuition fee hike.
3. The scientist wants to know if herbal leaves can cure some disease.
4. The kids want to play on the park but not sure if the weather will be fine.
5. UE Pop Idol Organizers are conducting this method to those who are interested be part
of the audition.