Burj-Dubai Life-Cycle-Cost-Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

Owning Costs for Lamp Type

Approximate square footage 75183 m sq

Mounting height 2.8m
Number of fixtures 4162 2 lamps/fixture
Lamp Type T5 T8
FH35/840 20X1 L 36W/840 25X1
Spacing of units 4.25m x 4.25m 4.25m x 4.25m
horizontal maintained lux 150 150
Electricity Cost/Hr (Dirhams) 0.20 0.20
Electricity Cost/Hr (Dollars) $0.06 $0.06
Avg.Time Lights are on per Day (Hrs) 18 18
Total Number of Lamps 8324 8324
Avg. Lamp Rating (Watts) 35 36
Avg. Cost Per Bulb (Dirhams) 12.00 9.00
Avg. Lamp Life (Hrs, based upon 3hrs per start) 20,000 15,000
Days of operation per year 365 365
Total watts in space 291,340 299,664

Total Time Lights are on per Year (Hr/Yr) 6,570 6,570

Total Power Consumed per Year (KWH) 1,914,104 1,968,792

Total Electrical Cost per Year (Dirhams) 382,821 393,758
Total Electrical Cost over 10 Year (Dirhams) 3,828,208 3,937,585
Total Electrical Cost per Year (Dollars) $ 114,846 $ 118,128
Total Electrical Cost over 10 Year (Dollars) $ 1,148,462 $ 1,181,275
Watts per squarefoot 3.88 3.99

Owning Cost Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP
Burj-Dubai Life-Cycle-Cost-Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

Number of relampings over 10 years

Total switching cycles per day 1 1
Approximate hours per start 18 18
Lamp life for cycle 20,000 15,000
Total Lamps per year Consumed
Total Cost of Consumed Lamps per Year (Dirhams) 0.00 0.00
Total Cost of Consumed Lamps over 10 years (Dirhams) 0.00 0.00
Total Cost of Consumed Lamps per Year (Dollars) $ - $ -
Total Cost of Consumed Lamps over 10 years (Dollars) $ - $ -
Labor costs over 10 years
Average Labor Cost per Hour (Dirhams)
Average Labor Cost per Hour (Dollars)
Average Time to Replace one Lamp (Minutes) 45 45
Total Labor Cost Per Year for Lamp Change (Dirhams)
Total Labor Cost Per Year for Lamp Change (Dollars)
Total Labor Cost over 10 years (Dirhams)
Total Labor Cost over 10 years (Dollars)

Cost Rollup Owning and operation over 10 years

Fixture Cost $ - $ -
Electrical cost
Relamping costs $ - $ -
Labor costs $ - $ -
Total Costs
Total Costs per Footcandle

Owning Cost Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP
BURJ Dubai Life Cycle Cost Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

DUBAI
Owning Costs for Lamp Types T5 and T8 LCCA Input

Lamp Type T5 T8
Model Number FH35/840 L 36W/840
20X1 25X1
Number of Lamps
Approximate Area (square meters) 75,183 75,183
Spacing of Fixtures (meters x meters) 4.25 4.25
Number of fixtures 4,162 4,162
Lamps per Fixture Type 2 2
Total Number of Lamps 8,325 8,325
Wattage
Avg. Lamp Rating (Watts) 35 36
Total Watts in Space 291,367 299,691
Watts per square meter 3.88 3.99
Energy Usage
Days of operation per year 365 365
Avg.Time Lights are on per Day (Hrs) 18 18
Total Time Lights are on per Year (Hr/Yr) 6,570 6,570
Total Power Consumed per Year (KWH) 1,914,279 1,968,973
Lamp Life
Avg. Lamp Life (Hrs, based upon 3 hrs per start) 20,000 15,000
Avg. Lamp Life, Years (based on hours ON / year) 3.04 2.28
First Cost
Present Avg. Cost Per Bulb (Dirhams) 12.00 9.00
Present Total First Cost of Lamps (Dirhams) 99,897 74,923
Future Avg. Cost Per Bulb (Dirhams) 9.00 10.00
Future Total First Cost of Lamps (Dirhams) 74,923 83,248
Years from Today of Future Cost 3 4
Lamp Nominal Cost Escaltion Rate (%) 5.00 6.00
Energy Cost
Electricity Cost/Hr (Dirhams) 0.2000 0.2000
Total Electrical Cost per Year (Dirhams) 382,856 393,795
Replacement Labor Cost
Labor Cost Per Bulb (Dirhams) 20 20
Total Labor Cost Relamping All Fixtures (Dirhams) 166,495 166,495
Labor Cost Nominal Escalation Rate (%) 4.00 4.00
Simple Payback T5 over T8
Additional First Cost 24,974
Energy Savings 10,939
Payback (Years) 2.28

LCCA-Input-Data Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP, Chicago
BURJ Dubai Life Cycle Cost Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

Summary
The present value of the T5 lamp is 99,897 dirhams compared to the T8 lamp of
74,923 dirhams. The additional cost is 24,974 dirhams which is 33% higher. This
additional cost can be recovered within three years and there is a cost savings
through future years for the following reasons:

Within the next 3 to 4 years, the cost of the T5 lamp is expected to decrease to
74,923 dirhams because of the demand and volume of sales and the cost of the
T8 lamps is expected to increase to 83,248 dirhams since this lamp is being
phased out.

The T5 has a life of 3.04 years versus 2.28 years the T8. The replacement labor
cost of 166,495 dirhams is therefore higher for the T8 since it occurs more
frequently.

The annual energy consumption cost of the T5 is 382,856 dirhams which is less
than the energy cost of 393,795 for the T8.

The life cycle costs are also affected by the inflation and discount rates and the
escalation rates for energy and labor.

Given these economic factors, the T5 lamp has a discounted payback period of
2 years and a simple payback of 3 years. The following table gives the life cycle
cost savings of the T5 lamp over the T8 lamp in dirhams:

Life Cycle Costs (dirhams)

Year T5 T8 Savings
2010 2,203,646 2,472,827 269,180
2015 4,458,164 4,811,932 353,768
2020 6,437,209 7,306,700 869,491
2025 8,552,427 9,513,643 961,217

The T5 lamp is therefore the better economic choice

LCCA-Input-Data Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP, Chicago
BURJ DUBAI Life Cycle Cost Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

DUBAI Costs ($) Life (yrs) T5 T8 Benefit

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) User Input First Cost 99,897 74,923 -24,974

Project Information Life (years) 3 2 1

Project Name Lighting Fixture Study Replacemnt Labor 166,495 166,495 0

Project Location Dubai Replacement Year 3 2 1

Project Number 203188 Oper & Mainten 0 0 0

Electricity 382,856 393,795 10,939

General Information Comments Natural Gas 0 0

Escalation Type 1 1=Constant 2=Variable Fuel Oil No. 2 0 0

Analysis Year 2004 Year of this study

Service Year 2006 Year of Occupation Years from End Lamp Types
LCCA (Years) 20 Max = 25 Srvce Anlys Year T5 T8 Savings

0 2 2006 477,554 465,088 -12,466

Discounted Payback
Economic Factors % 1 3 2007 858,343 852,538 -5,804

Inflation Rate 2.30 Real (inflation adjusted) 2 4 2008 1,232,997 1,470,857 237,861

Nominal Discnt 5.57 Real Discount 3.20 3 5 2009 1,833,027 1,854,135 21,108
4 6 2010 2,203,646 2,472,827 269,180

Escalation Rates % Real (inflation adjusted) 5 7 2011 2,572,265 2,851,977 279,712

Labor/Mainten 4.00 Labor/Mainten 1.66 6 8 2012 3,158,327 3,462,767 304,439

Electricity 5.00 Electricity 2.64 7 9 2013 3,522,975 3,837,833 314,858

Natural Gas 6.00 Natural Gas 3.62 8 10 2014 3,885,655 4,440,904 555,249

Fuel Oil No. 2 4.00 Fuel Oil No. 2 1.66 9 11 2015 4,458,164 4,811,932 353,768

10 12 2016 4,816,937 5,407,461 590,524

Lamp Escal Rate % Real (inflation adjusted) 11 13 2017 5,173,774 5,774,493 600,719
Lamp Type T5 5.00 Lamp Type T5 2.64 12 14 2018 5,733,127 6,362,655 629,528

Lamp Type T8 6.00 Lamp Type T8 3.62 13 15 2019 6,086,121 6,725,735 639,614

14 16 2020 6,437,209 7,306,700 869,491

Lamp Types T5 T8 15 17 2021 6,983,792 7,665,869 682,076

Future Replace Cost 74,923 83,248 16 18 2022 7,331,099 8,239,803 908,704

Years from Today 3 4 17 19 2023 7,676,531 8,595,104 918,573

Options Description 18 20 2024 8,210,715 9,162,168 951,453

T5 T5 : FH35/840 20X1 19 21 2025 8,552,427 9,513,643 961,217

T8 T8 : L36W/840 25X1 20 22 2026 8,892,293 10,073,996 1,181,703

LCCA-Results Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP, Chicago
BURJ DUBAI Life Cycle Cost Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

LIFE CYCLE COSTS (T5 vs T8 Lamps) T5

Dirhams T8

10,000,000

9,000,000

8,000,000

7,000,000

6,000,000

5,000,000

4,000,000

3,000,000

2,000,000

1,000,000

0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
YEAR

LCCA-Results Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP, Chicago
BURJ DUBAI Life Cycle Cost Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

Lighting Fixture Study T5 Description T5 : FH35/840 20X1

Costs at Year of Analysis General Information Economic Factors (%) Escalation (%) Nominal Real Cost ($) Future
Capital Cost ($) 99,897 Proj Type 1 Inflation Rate 2.30 Labor / Mainten 4.00 1.66 0 Rep Cost
Life (Years) 3 Anlys Yr 2004 Nominal Disc 5.57 Electricity 5.00 2.64 382,856 74,923
Replacmnt Cost 166,495 Service Yr 2006 Real Discount 3.20 Natural Gas 6.00 3.62 0 Escal Type
Rplcmt Life Yrs 3 Anlys Yrs 20 Real Lamp Esc 2.64 Fuel Oil No.2 4.00 1.66 0 1

Year from Year Capital Cost Replacement Mainten Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Total Present PV up to
Servc Anlys Ending & Replacmt Labor Cost $ Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ for Year Value PV Year
0 2 2006 105,240 0 0 2.64 403,332 3.62 0 1.66 0 508,572 477,554 477,554
1 3 2007 0 0 0 2.64 392,960 3.62 0 1.66 0 392,960 380,789 858,343
2 4 2008 0 0 0 2.64 424,903 3.62 0 1.66 0 424,903 374,654 1,232,997
3 5 2009 85,346 180,797 0 2.64 436,118 3.62 0 1.66 0 702,260 600,031 1,833,027
4 6 2010 0 0 0 2.64 447,628 3.62 0 1.66 0 447,628 370,619 2,203,646
5 7 2011 0 0 0 2.64 459,442 3.62 0 1.66 0 459,442 368,618 2,572,265
6 8 2012 92,283 189,961 0 2.64 471,568 3.62 0 1.66 0 753,812 586,063 3,158,327
7 9 2013 0 0 0 2.64 484,014 3.62 0 1.66 0 484,014 364,648 3,522,975
8 10 2014 0 0 0 2.64 496,789 3.62 0 1.66 0 496,789 362,679 3,885,655
9 11 2015 99,785 199,589 0 2.64 509,901 3.62 0 1.66 0 809,274 572,509 4,458,164
10 12 2016 0 0 0 2.64 523,358 3.62 0 1.66 0 523,358 358,774 4,816,937
11 13 2017 0 0 0 2.64 537,171 3.62 0 1.66 0 537,171 356,837 5,173,774
12 14 2018 107,896 209,705 0 2.64 551,349 3.62 0 1.66 0 868,950 559,354 5,733,127
13 15 2019 0 0 0 2.64 565,901 3.62 0 1.66 0 565,901 352,994 6,086,121
14 16 2020 0 0 0 2.64 580,836 3.62 0 1.66 0 580,836 351,088 6,437,209
15 17 2021 116,667 220,335 0 2.64 596,166 3.62 0 1.66 0 933,168 546,584 6,983,792
16 18 2022 0 0 0 2.64 611,901 3.62 0 1.66 0 611,901 347,307 7,331,099
17 19 2023 0 0 0 2.64 628,051 3.62 0 1.66 0 628,051 345,432 7,676,531
18 20 2024 126,150 231,503 0 2.64 644,627 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,002,280 534,184 8,210,715
19 21 2025 0 0 0 2.64 661,641 3.62 0 1.66 0 661,641 341,711 8,552,427
20 22 2026 0 0 0 2.64 679,103 3.62 0 1.66 0 679,103 339,866 8,892,293
21 23 2027 136,404 243,237 0 2.64 697,027 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,076,668 522,143 9,414,436
22 24 2028 0 0 0 2.64 715,423 3.62 0 1.66 0 715,423 336,206 9,750,642
23 25 2029 0 0 0 2.64 734,306 3.62 0 1.66 0 734,306 334,391 10,085,033
24 26 2030 147,492 255,565 0 2.64 753,686 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,156,744 510,446 10,595,480

579371854.xls T5 7 Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP, Chicago

BURJ DUBAI Life Cycle Cost Analysis T5 vs T8 Lamp Cost Analysis

Lighting Fixture Study T8 Description T8 : L36W/840 25X1

Costs at Year of Analysis General Information Economic Factors (%) Escalation (%) Nominal Real Cost ($) Future
Capital Cost ($) 74,923 Proj Type 1 Inflation Rate 2.30 Labor / Mainten 4.00 1.66 0 Rep Cost
Life (Years) 2 Anlys Yr 2004 Nominal Disc 5.57 Electricity 5.00 2.64 393,795 83,248
Replacmnt Cost 166,495 Service Yr 2006 Real Discount 3.20 Natural Gas 6.00 3.62 0 Escal Type
Rplcmt Life Yrs 2 Anlys Yrs 20 Real Lamp Esc 3.62 Fuel Oil No.2 4.00 1.66 0 1

Year from Year Capital Cost Replacement Mainten Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Total Present PV up to
Servc Anlys Ending & Replacmt Labor Cost $ Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ for Year Value PV Year
0 2 2006 80,440 0 0 2.64 414,856 3.62 0 1.66 0 495,296 465,088 465,088
1 3 2007 0 0 0 2.64 425,805 3.62 0 1.66 0 425,805 387,450 852,538
2 4 2008 86,364 177,841 0 2.64 437,043 3.62 0 1.66 0 701,249 618,319 1,470,857
3 5 2009 0 0 0 2.64 448,578 3.62 0 1.66 0 448,578 383,278 1,854,135
4 6 2010 103,028 183,801 0 2.64 460,417 3.62 0 1.66 0 747,246 618,692 2,472,827
5 7 2011 0 0 0 2.64 472,569 3.62 0 1.66 0 472,569 379,150 2,851,977
6 8 2012 110,615 189,961 0 2.64 485,042 3.62 0 1.66 0 785,617 610,790 3,462,767
7 9 2013 0 0 0 2.64 497,843 3.62 0 1.66 0 497,843 375,067 3,837,833
8 10 2014 118,761 196,326 0 2.64 510,983 3.62 0 1.66 0 826,070 603,071 4,440,904
9 11 2015 0 0 0 2.64 524,469 3.62 0 1.66 0 524,469 371,028 4,811,932
10 12 2016 127,507 202,906 0 2.64 538,311 3.62 0 1.66 0 868,724 595,530 5,407,461
11 13 2017 0 0 0 2.64 552,519 3.62 0 1.66 0 552,519 367,032 5,774,493
12 14 2018 136,897 209,705 0 2.64 567,102 3.62 0 1.66 0 913,704 588,162 6,362,655
13 15 2019 0 0 0 2.64 582,069 3.62 0 1.66 0 582,069 363,079 6,725,735
14 16 2020 146,979 216,733 0 2.64 597,432 3.62 0 1.66 0 961,144 580,965 7,306,700
15 17 2021 0 0 0 2.64 613,200 3.62 0 1.66 0 613,200 359,169 7,665,869
16 18 2022 157,803 223,996 0 2.64 629,384 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,011,183 573,934 8,239,803
17 19 2023 0 0 0 2.64 645,995 3.62 0 1.66 0 645,995 355,301 8,595,104
18 20 2024 169,425 231,503 0 2.64 663,045 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,063,972 567,065 9,162,168
19 21 2025 0 0 0 2.64 680,545 3.62 0 1.66 0 680,545 351,475 9,513,643
20 22 2026 181,902 239,261 0 2.64 698,506 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,119,669 560,353 10,073,996
21 23 2027 0 0 0 2.64 716,942 3.62 0 1.66 0 716,942 347,689 10,421,686
22 24 2028 195,298 247,279 0 2.64 735,864 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,178,441 553,797 10,975,483
23 25 2029 0 0 0 2.64 755,286 3.62 0 1.66 0 755,286 343,945 11,319,428
24 26 2030 209,680 255,565 0 2.64 775,220 3.62 0 1.66 0 1,240,466 547,391 11,866,819

579371854.xls T8 8 Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP, Chicago

IIT : ARCH 551 552 579371854.xls Var-Rates

DOE/FEMP Utilities Escalation Disc Rate % = 3.00

Year Year Real Escalation Rates % Present Uniform T5 Replace T8 Replace
Ending No. Electric Nat Gas Fuel Oil Value Value Esc % Cost Esc % Cost
2006 1 -2.03 6.21 0.32 0.97 0.97
2007 2 -2.01 3.74 2.57 0.94 1.91
2008 3 0.01 2.65 2.3 0.92 2.83
2009 4 1.62 1.59 3.24 0.89 3.72
2010 5 2.57 2.12 2.43 0.86 4.58
2011 6 2.62 1.77 4.16 0.84 5.42
2012 7 2.16 1.23 4.26 0.81 6.23
2013 8 2.66 2.12 2.81 0.79 7.02
2014 9 -0.67 3.02 3.32 0.77 7.79
2015 10 1.28 3.38 4.19 0.74 8.53
2016 11 1.93 2.66 4.9 0.72 9.25
2017 12 2.16 2.83 3.99 0.70 9.95
2018 13 2.49 2.65 3.13 0.68 10.63
2019 14 2.44 2.30 3.12 0.66 11.30
2020 15 2.16 2.48 2.65 0.64 11.94
2021 16 2.30 2.83 2.53 0.62 12.56
2022 17 2.11 3.17 2.65 0.61 13.17
2023 18 1.88 2.99 2.53 0.59 13.75
2024 19 1.92 3.16 2.53 0.57 14.32
2025 20 1.87 2.98 2.65 0.55 14.88
2026 21 1.87 3.15 2.53 0.54 15.42
2027 22 1.87 2.97 2.53 0.52 15.94
2028 23 1.87 3.13 2.64 0.51 16.44
2029 24 1.87 2.96 2.53 0.49 16.94
2030 25 1.91 3.12 2.64 0.48 17.41
2031 26 1.86 3.12 2.53 0.46 17.88
2032 27 1.86 3.11 2.64 0.45 18.33
2033 28 1.91 3.10 2.53 0.44 18.76
2034 29 1.86 2.94 2.53 0.42 19.19
2035 30 1.88 3.08 2.57 0.41 19.60
2036 31 1.50 2.50 2.00 0.40 20.00
2037 32 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.39 20.39
2038 33 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.38 20.77

VCT 9 SOM
IIT : ARCH 551 552 579371854.xls Var-Rates

2039 34 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.37 21.13

2040 35 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.36 21.49
2041 36 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.35 21.83
2042 37 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.33 22.17
2043 38 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.33 22.49
2044 39 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.32 22.81
2045 40 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.31 23.11
2046 41 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.30 23.41
2047 42 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.29 23.70
2048 43 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.28 23.98
2049 44 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.27 24.25
2050 45 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.26 24.52
2051 46 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.26 24.78
2052 47 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.25 25.02
2053 48 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.24 25.27
2054 49 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.23 25.50
2055 50 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.23 25.73
2056 51 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.22 25.95
2057 52 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.22 26.17
2058 53 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.21 26.37
2059 54 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.20 26.58
2060 55 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.20 26.77
2061 56 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.19 26.97
2062 57 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.19 27.15
2063 58 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.18 27.33
2064 59 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.17 27.51
2065 60 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.17 27.68
2066 61 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.16 27.84
2067 62 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.16 28.00
2068 63 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.16 28.16
2069 64 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.15 28.31

VCT 10 SOM