PRINCESS HOPE G.

ALSOLA BSE-SCI 1A

Sentence Structure

Lesson 1 – What Is a Sentence? Exercise 1

Directions: Read the following groups of words. None of them have been given final punctuation marks.
For each one, decide whether it is a declarative sentence, an interrogative sentence, an exclamatory
sentence, an imperative sentence, or a sentence fragment. Then punctuate each appropriately. Don’t
punctuate a sentence fragment.

1. When will tomorrow morning’s band rehearsal begin? (Interrogative sentence)

2. Always read the safety instructions before using a new power tool. (Imperative sentence)

3. Having spent over two hours working on her dance routine (Sentence fragment)

4. The local wildlife refuge is home to over seventy species of birds. (Declarative sentence)

5. That was a fabulous party! (Exclamatory sentence)

Lesson 2 – Parts of a Sentence Exercise 2

Directions: Read the following groups of words. In each one, find the subject and the predicate.
Underline the complete subject, and put a second underline beneath the simple subject. Then circle the
complete predicate, and underline the verb.

1. Fifty-three officers received medals at the Police Department awards ceremony.

2. Bored with the grown-up conversation, little Amy fell asleep under the kitchen table.

3. The number of businesses in this country has increased every year for the past decade.

4. According to scientists, birds and dinosaurs are biologically related.

5. All day and all night unceasingly fell the rain.

Lesson 3 – Four Types of Sentence Structures Exercise 3

Directions: Read the following sentences. For each one, decide whether it is a simple sentence, a
compound sentence, a complex sentence, a compound-complex sentence, or a run-on sentence.

1. Jazz is the greatest American musical form, and Duke Ellington is its greatest genius.(Compound
sentence)

2. Although young women want to participate in sports as much as young men, women’s sports often
don’t receive equal funding from colleges.(Complex sentence)

3. The tallest mountain in Africa, Mount Kilimanjaro is the subject of a stunning new IMAX®
documentary film. (Simple sentence)

4. The author Mark Twain was fascinated by technology, he was the first writer ever to deliver a typed
manuscript to his publisher. (run-on sentence)

5. When I visited California last summer, I spent one week in San Francisco, and I visited the nearby
Napa Valley with my cousin (Compound-complex sentence)

Parts of Speech

Lesson 1 – Verbs, Nouns, and Pronouns Exercise 1

Directions : Read each of the following sentences. Then underline each noun once, underline each verb
twice, and circle each pronoun.

1. When Nichole read the letter, she realized that she must change the plans for her vacation.

2. Henry Ford created the Model T, which was for many years the most popular car in the world.
3. Is anyone in your class interested in attending next week’s seminar on Italian painting?

4. Tim bought several beautiful rugs while he was traveling in Turkey.

5. When you are designing a bridge, safety is the most important consideration.

Lesson 2 – Adjectives, Articles, and Adverbs Exercise 2

Directions: Read each of the following sentences. Then underline each adjective once, underline each
article twice, and circle each adverb.

1. When water in a lake is deeply tinged with red, a heavy growth of algae is present.

2. If Peter has enough free time next summer, he will visit southern Italy on his vacation.

3. Auto racing is generally considered one of the most dangerous sports in the world.

4. “Silver Blaze” was recently selected as the best story about the adventures of the famous detective
Sherlock Holmes.

5. The veterinarian arrived too late to save the injured bird.

Lesson 3 – Connecting Words Exercise 3

Directions: Read each of the following sentences. Then underline each conjunction and circle each
preposition.

1. If gasoline prices keep rising, driving to work will become more and more expensive.

2. In my opinion, Picasso was the greatest painter of the twentieth century, and one of the greatest of
any era.

3. Neither the coach nor the players could explain the dismal performance turned in by the soccer team
against their local rivals.

4. According to most surveys, parents usually prefer sending their children to schools located in the
neighborhoods where they live.

5. We missed the last bus of the night, so we traveled to Oakland by taxi instead.

Lesson 4 – Interjections, and Recognizing Parts of Speech Exercise 4

Directions: In each of the following sentences, identify the part of speech of every word. Label each
word as either a verb, a noun, a pronoun, an adjective, an adverb, a preposition, a conjunction, an
article, or an interjection.

1. My car gets thirty miles to the gallon.

2. People say that too many young athletes today are selfish.

3. The Hudson River in New York is not actually a river; in fact, it is a tidal estuary.

4. Paul Klee created some of the greatest abstract paintings of the twentieth century.

5. Wow! You have a really beautiful view of the Rocky Mountains from your balcony.

Verbs and Tenses

Lesson 1-Verb Tenses Exercise 1

Directions: In each of the following sentences, a verb is underlined. Using clues from the meaning of the
sentence, decide whether the tense of the verb is correct or incorrect. If it is incorrect, decide what verb
tense would be correct, and rewrite the sentence.
1. I am a student at the Henderson Academy; I study there for the past 2 years.

2. By the time of our arrival in Houston next Sunday, we have travelled over five hundred miles.

3. Before he sprained his ankle, Charles exercises int the weight room three times a week.

4. When she applied for her job at the airline, Diane stated that she had served in the U.S> Air Force.

5. Last month, Luis has captured his third consecutive championship in a college swim meet.

Lesson 2- Irregular Verbs (Conjugations of the Verb “to be”

Some Commonly-Used Irregular Verbs

Principal Parts of the Irregular Verb “to lie” (as in “to recline”)
Principal parts of the Irregular Verb “to lay” (as in “to place”)

Exercise 2

Directions: In each of the following sentences, an irregular verb is underlined. Decide whether or not the
form of the irregular verb is correct. If it is incorrect, decide what the correct form would be.

1. The mechanic examined the car and discovered that the accident had broken its rear axle.

2. Last January, thirty members of the Polar Bear Club swum in the frigid waters of Long Island Sound.

3. By the time Gary arrived at the restaurant, Maria had went home.

4. With a triumphant grin, Sam lain his cards face up on the table and declared, “Three kings!”

5. The famous Boys Choirs of Harlem has sung in concert halls throughout the United States.

Lesson 3- The Subjunctive Mood Exercise 3

Directions: In each of the following sentences, a verb in the subjunctive mood is required. Fill in the
blank with the correct subjunctive form of the verb whose infinitive form appears at the end of the
sentence.

1. If the captain, __________________ that the storm was coming, he would have insisted on returning
to port. (know)

2. Although Paul has a successful career as a lawyer, he still wished he _____________ a rock musician.
3. The doctor recommended that Andrea ________________ a diet restricted to -salt, low-fat foods.
(eat)

4. Wouldn’t you be happy if you __________the next race? (win)

5. the new law passed by the City Council required that the Mayor _____________ a budget for
approval no later than April first. (submit)

Pronouns

Lesson 1 – Kinds of Pronouns Exercise 1

Directions: Read each of the following sentences. Underline each pronoun that appears in the sentence.
Then decide whether the pronoun is a personal pronoun, an interrogative pronoun, an indefinite
pronoun, or a relative pronoun.

1. Gordon was surprised when Angela invited him to visit her in Caracas.

2. Who do you think will win the Oscar® for Best Supporting Actor this year?

3. If Luis wants to finish painting the garage by tomorrow, he will have to convince someone to help him.

4. The inventor Thomas Edison is the historical figure whom I admire most.

5. Joanne’s grandmother asked her what she wanted to do that evening

Lesson 2 – Pronoun Case Exercise 2

Directions: In each of the following sentences, one or more personal pronouns is needed. Using clues
from the meaning of the sentence, decide whether the pronoun should be in the subjective, objective,
or possessive case. Then select the correct pronoun from the choices given.

1. When Audrey’s car broke down, Carlos lent (her, she) another.

2. A group tour is not a good vacation choice for (us, we), because (us, we) prefer traveling
independently.

3. Is this bicycle (you, yours)?

4. By unanimous vote, the judges decided that the best debater on the team was (he, him).

5. Mr. and Mrs. Nkrume have invited (I, me) to stay for two weeks in (their, theirs) home in Kenya.

Lesson 3 – Using Pronoun Cases Correctly Exercise 3

Directions: In each of the following sentences, one or more pronouns is needed. Using clues from the
meaning of the sentence, decide whether the pronoun should be in the subjective or objective case.
Then select the correct pronoun from the choices given.

1. No one in my town knows as much about local history as (I, me).

2. (Who, Whom) is the architect (who, whom) designed St. Paul’s Cathedral in London?

3. When the tennis match was over, Alvin realized that winning the match had mattered more to his
opponent than (he, him).

4. Helen of Troy was the famous beauty over (who, whom) the Greeks and the Trojans fought.

5. The two couples (who, whom) will be sharing the bungalow by the lake are the Savios and (us, we).

Subject-Verb Agreement

Lesson 1 – Singular and Plural Exercise 1

Directions: In each of the following sentences, a verb is needed. Using clues from the sentence, decide
whether the verb should be singular or plural. Then select the correct verb from the choices given.
1. Four hundred pages (seems, seem) like an awfully long reading assignment for the holiday weekend.

2. Neither of the injured dancers (is, are) feeling well enough to perform this evening.

3. The orchestra (has, have) recently completed a successful tour of several Asian countries.

4. All of the stone masons working on the cathedral (is, are) residents of Harlem.

5. Everyone in the class (was, were) surprised at how easy the final exam was.

Lesson 2 – Fine Points of Subject-Verb Agreement Exercise 2

Directions: In each of the following sentences, a verb is needed. Using clues from the sentence, decide
whether the verb should be singular or plural. Then select the correct verb from the choices given.

1. The governor, having met with her advisors and developed a negotiating strategy for dealing with the
angry workers, (was, were) finally ready to join the bargaining session.

2. Here in the deepest recesses of the ocean (is, are) some of the most mysterious creatures on Earth.

3. Either the members of the defensive squad or Coach Mayo himself (is, are) sure to have some
explanation for the way the game ended.

4. The story of the four hundred members of the 29th Cavalry and their heroic exploits on several
battlefields (is, are) truly remarkable.

5. The elementary school cafeteria offers twelve kinds of sandwiches, yet peanut butter and jelly
(remains, remain) the most popular of all.

Lesson 3 – Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement

Exercise 3 Directions: In each of the following sentences, a pronoun is required. Select the correct
pronoun, based upon clues from the sentence.

1. According to the police officer’s testimony, someone was seen entering the bank just before the
robbery carrying a red pocketbook under (her, their) arm.

2. Both of the skydivers had brought (his, their) own parachutes and safety gear in preparation for
tomorrow’s jump.

3. Anyone who wants to attend next Saturday’s dance at the Rotary Club can pick up (his or her, their)
ticket at the information booth on Vincy Street.

4. No one knows whether any of the churches or synagogues in town will provide space in (its, their)
buildings for a homeless shelter.

5. Either Nadia or her sister didn’t finish (her, their) dinner.

Lesson 1 – Adjectives and Adverbs Exercise 1

Directions: In each of the following sentences, a modifier is underlined. Based on how the modifier is
used in the sentence, decide whether the modifier is correct or incorrect. If it is incorrect, decide what
modifier would be correct.

1. Glancing at himself in the mirror just moments before the job interview, Enrico felt well about his
appearance.

2. The chef’s hands moved quick as she demonstrated the proper technique for dicing onions.

3. Although Jason seems happy about moving to California, he admits that he will miss his friends in
Minnesota.

4. Because of her extreme nervousness, Soon Lee performed the sonata bad during her audition for the
college orchestra.

5. The team doctor decided that Mona was well enough to play in Saturday’s championship game.

Lesson 2 – Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers Exercise 2

Directions: In each of the following sentences, there is a modifying phrase or clause. Underline the
modifying phrase or clause in each sentence, and decided whether it is misplaced or dangling. If it is,
rewrite the sentence to correct the modifier.

1. Having lost one of the most controversial elections in history, many expected Al Gore to run for
president again in 2004.

2. Distracted by the demands of my two children, the chicken in the oven was burned.

3. When birds fly in the path of an airplane, they can produce dangerous and costly accidents.

4. Hoping to make the space more sunny, Nancy’s bedroom was expanded and fitted with a large
skylight.

5. Swollen by a week of heavy rain, the grasslands on either side of the Missouri River were eventually
flooded.

Lesson 3 – Comparisons Using Modifiers Exercise 3

Directions: In each of the following sentences, a modifier is required. Fill in the blank with the correct
comparative or superlative degree of the modifier whose positive degree appears at the end of the
sentence.

1. Pablo Picasso and Juan Gris began painting around the same time, but Picasso continued painting
__________________ than Gris. (long)

2. Of all the sopranos in the choir, Lizette sings __________________. (well)

3. Although Nadja and Katya are both expert programmers, Katya is considered __________________
than her colleague. (talented)

4. The island of St. Martin boasts thirty-six beaches, and many visitors say that Orient Beach is the
__________________ of them all. (alluring)

5. No one feels __________________ about the mistake Carlos made than Carlos himself. (bad).

Lesson 4 – Special Problems with Comparisons Exercise 4

Directions: In each of the following sentences, a comparison is made. For each sentence, decide whether
or not the comparison is stated correctly. If it is incorrect, decide how the sentence should be changed
to make the comparison correct, and correct it.

1. The story of the development of anesthesia is stranger than any other scientific discovery.

2. The Hermitage in St. Petersburg has the world’s most impressive collection of paintings by
Rembrandt.

3. The government of Switzerland is older than any government in Europe.

4. Both Sheryl Crow and Björk are gifted songwriters, but the music of Björk is more unique than that of
Sheryl Crow.

5. Generations of travelers have described the waters of the Dead Sea as the most saltiest on Earth.

Parallel Structure

Lesson 1 – Understanding Parallelism Exercise 1

Directions: Some of the following sentences contain errors in parallelism. Read each sentence and
decide whether or not parallel grammatical structures have been used correctly. If there is an error,
revise the sentence to correct it.

1. Just as Darwin revolutionized biology with his theory of evolution, Einstein’s theory of relativity
revolutionized physics.

2. Coach Jabbar demands three things of his players: hard work, that they have personal integrity, and
self-discipline.
3. Thrilled by the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill, thousands of prospectors rushed to California,
traveling by boat, by covered wagon, and walking.

4. Each of these three poets is admired for a different quality: Milton for his grand rhetoric,
Shakespeare for his sweeping vision, Chaucer for his simple humanity.

5. I agree with Hong Wei’s political views, but his way of expressing them is something I don’t agree
with.

Lesson 2 – Common Errors in Parallelism Exercise 2

Directions: Some of the following sentences contain errors in parallelism. Read each sentence and
decide whether or not parallel grammatical structures have been used correctly. If there is an error,
revise the sentence to correct it.

1. We spent our days in St. Petersburg touring historic churches, magnificent art museums, and admiring
ornate palaces.

2. The doctors moved quickly to wash the wound, disinfect it, and applying a sterile dressing.

3. The hardwood floors in the old house were stripped, sanded, stained, and sealed with varnish.

4. In 1968, the Democratic Convention was held in Chicago, and the Republicans held their convention in
Miami.

5. Either the snowstorm must stop within the next two hours or the town festival will have to be
postponed.

Lesson 3 – Using Ellipsis Exercise 3

Directions: Some of the following sentences contain errors in parallelism. Read each sentence and
decide whether or not parallel grammatical structures have been used correctly. If there is an error,
revise the sentence to correct it.

1. In accordance with the First Amendment to the Constitution, no state has or may enact a law
establishing an official state religion.

2. Many scientists agree about the causes of global warming, fewer about the best ways to combat it.

3. Baseball pitcher Cy Young’s lifetime record of 511 victories has never been challenged and probably
never will.

4. As global trade increased, manufactured goods began to flow from north to south, raw materials from
south to north.

5. The main legal barrier to an improved school system has been eliminated and the economic obstacles
reduced.