Solutions and Molarity

Level 2
Serial Response

The next 5 questions involve the following reaction. Four liters of 2.2 molar NaOH
solution are poured into seven liters of 1.5 M MgC12 solution. Magnesium hydroxide
precipitates.

520. How many moles of Na+(aq) and OH-1(aq) ions are in the first solution before mixing?
ANS: mNaOH = (2.2 M)(4 L) = 8.8 m. Therefore mNa+ & mOH- = 8.8 moles.

521. How many moles of Mg+2(aq) and Cl-1(aq) are in the other solution before mixing?
ANS: mMgCl2 = (1.5 M)(7 L) = 10.5m. Therefore mMg+2 = 10.5 moles;
mCl- = 21 moles.

522. Write the overall ionic reaction that occurs after mixing.
ANS: 2 Na+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) + Mg+2(aq) + 2 Cl-(aq) à Mg(OH)2(s) +
2 Na+(aq) + 2 Cl-(aq).

523. What is the concentration of the Na+(aq) and Cl-1(aq) ions after the two solutions
are put together?
ANS: [Na+] = 8.8 m/(4.0 + 7.0)L = 0.8 M; [Cl-] = 21 m/11 L = 1.9 M.

524. After the precipitation is completed, what is the concentration of Mg+2(aq) and OH-1(aq)
ions in solution?
ANS: [Mg+2(aq)] = (10.5 – 4.4)m/11 L = 0.55 M;
[OH-(aq)] = (8.8 – 8.8)m/11 L = 0.0 M.

The next 5 questions deal with the following reaction. Three liters of 1.6 molar silver
nitrate solution are mixed with 2.6 liters of 3.0 molarity potassium phosphate solution.
Silver phosphate precipitates.

525. How many moles of Ag+(aq) and NO3-1(aq) ions are in the first solution before the
addition?
ANS: mAgNO3 = (1.6 M)(3.0 L) = 4.8 m. Therefore mAg+ & mNO3- = 4.8 moles.

526. How many moles of K+(aq) and PO4-3 (aq) ions are in the second solution before the
addition?
ANS: mK3PO4 = (3.0 m)(2.6 L) = 7.8 m. Therefore mK+ = 23.4 moles;
mPO4-3 = 7.8 moles.

527. Use an overall ionic equation to describe the reaction that takes place after the two
solutions are put together.
ANS: 3 Ag+(aq) + 3 NO3-(aq) + 3 K+(aq) + PO4-3(aq) à Ag3PO4(s) +
3 K+(aq) + 3 NO3-(aq).

528. What is the molarity of K+(aq) and NO3-1(aq) ions after the two solutions are mixed?
ANS: [K+(aq)] = 23.4 m/(3 + 2.6)L = 4.2 M; [NO3-(aq)] = 4.8 m/5.6 L = 0.9 M.

529. When the precipitation is completed, what is the concentration of Ag+(aq) and PO4-3 (aq)
ions in solution?
ANS: [Ag+(aq)] = (4.8 – 4.8)m/5.6 L = 0.0 M;
[PO4-3(aq)] = (7.8 – 1.6)m/5.6 L = 1.1 M.

The next 3 questions are related to each other:

530. If 0.5 liter of magnesium bromide solution contains 0.8 moles of the compound, what
is the concentration of each ion?
ANS: MgBr2(s) à Mg+2(aq) + 2 Br-(aq)
0.8 m 0.8 m 2(0.8 m)
[Mg+2(aq)] = 0.8 m/0.5 L = 1.6 M; [Br-(aq)] = 1.6 m/0.5 L = 3.2 M

531. If 1.2 liters of barium hydroxide solution contain 0.4 mole of the compound, what
is the molarity of each ion?
ANS: Ba(OH)2(s) à Ba+2(aq) + 2 OH-(aq)
0.4 m 0.4 m 2(0.4 m)
[Ba+2(aq)] = 0.4 m/1.2 L = 0.33 M; [OH-(aq)] = 0.8 m/1.2 L = 0.67 M.

532. If these solutions are added, what is the concentration of the Mg+2(aq) after
magnesium hydroxide precipitates out of solution?
ANS: Mg+2(aq) + 2 Br-(aq) + Ba+2(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) à Mg(OH)2(s) + 2 Br-(aq)
0.8 m 2(0.8 m) 0.4 m 2(0.4 m) 0.4 m; 0.8 m 1.6 m
Therefore, [Mg+2(aq)] = (0.8 – 0.4)m/(.5 L + 1.2 L) = 0.24 M.