Senior High School

NOT

EARTH AND
LIFE
SCIENCES
Quarter 1 - Module 7
NATURAL HAZARDS, MITIGATION AND
ADAPTATION

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

What This Module is About

Welcome Learners !

This topic is timely and relevant for us to be educated about using hazard maps
especially here in the Philippines. As we go with the lessons, you will know how
important hazard maps in the country especially nowadays that we are experiencing
different types of hazards. In this 21st century, education will be mesmerized with the
advanced technology that we have in order to understand what is happening into our
environment and on how to mitigate it.
This module introduces the learners to Hazard maps which are created and
used in concurrence with several natural disasters. There are activities that you’ll need
to know and understand the functions and uses of hazard maps. These will help you
to be armed with knowledge in order to prevent future risk. You will be familiar with
different hazard maps which have different uses. Using hazard maps will guide you if
you are living in a hazardous areas. There will be a guide for you to be aware in
determining the risk of living in a certain area.
For you to know more about hazard maps just follow the module and lets help
determining the vulnerability to lessen the risk. To become a great scientist, traveler,
teacher, navigator, pilot, newscaster, or any type of professionals in the future let’s
explore together as we turn the page.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Identify areas prone to hazards brought about by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,
and landslides (ELS MELC14);
2. Identify human activities that speed up or trigger landslides (ELS MELC15);
 What I Know

Questionnaire on Hazard mapping.

1. What hazard maps have been developed in your Region? (Just put check on
the line provided)
FOREST FIRES
FLOODS
EARTHQUAKES
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
LANDSLIDES
STORMS
CONTAMINATED WATER
NUCLEAR
OTHER INDUSTRIAL HAZARD (SPECIFY)
2. Have maps been developed for all relevant hazards in your area?

3. Who are the key players, body/entity, authority responsible for the development
and updating of hazard maps?

4. Has your country developed any cross-border co-operation for developing

common hazard mapping methodologies or guidelines?

5. In your area or region, what are the hazard maps used for?
 Introduction to Using Hazard
Maps, Identify Areas Prone to
Hazards Brought About by
Earthquakes, Volcanic Eruptions,
Lesson and Landslides

1
What I Need to Know

In this Lesson, you will know the importance of maps but specifically the hazard maps
which highlights the areas that are vulnerable to a particular hazard that can cause
damage and greater risk.
The image above is an example of a map that shows the Pacific ring of fire which
occurs in red lines.

Get your answer sheet and let’s think

1. What type of hazard/hazards do you think that are present on the map above?

2. Who are the most vulnerable to the hazards that might occur to the map
presented above?

3. Without these kind of maps, do you think we are prepared to any hazard that
might appear in our present time?

What’s New

Activity 1 SHARE YOUR THOUGHTS

In this activity you are going to think and share your thoughts. But first you need to
arrange the scrambled words and after knowing the word think and share your
thoughts about it.

1. RJIUNY

2. REDNAG

3. RINTOMAINOF

4. SANDSILLED
 5. HEARTAEKQUS

6. LULNAVRAEB

7. LOHNOTECYG

8. ASHZRAD

9. CACIDETN

10. REWASANSE

TIMES UP!

It’s time to share what you think and what are your thoughts about these
words.

What Is It

WHAT IS A HAZARD MAP?

A hazard map is a map that provides understanding in certain places which highlights
areas that are vulnerable to a particular hazard. They are typically created for natural
hazards, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. Hazard maps help
prevent serious damage and deaths.

USES OF A HAZARD MAP

Hazard maps are created and used in concurrence with several natural disasters.
Different hazard maps have different uses. Hazard maps created for flooding are also
used in insurance rate adjustments. Hazard maps can also be useful in determining
the risks of living in a certain area. Hazard maps can assist people become aware of
the threats they might face from natural disasters in a specific range or area.

Below are some examples of Hazard maps that shows some areas in Cagayan de
Oro with Lower risk to High risk areas. Lighter highlighted areas such as yellow and
other lighter colours are at low risk while as the highlighted darker colours such as red
are at high risk or more vulnerable areas.
 What’s More

Activity 2. Make a Hazard Map

Materials : bond paper, ruler, pen, pencil, art materials

Draw where you live and list the hazards that are present or that you’ve experienced
in your area and use colours to represent the level or scale of vulnerability of hazards.
You may choose the colour that you want in shading a certain area and the legend
that you’re going to make.
 What I Have Learned

1. What type of hazard map is shown above?

2. What are the types of hazards that you might experience?

3. Do you think it’s safe to live in the highlighted areas? Why?

4. What are the importance of using hazard maps?

5. What have you learned today?

 What I Can Do

ACTIVITY: THE INFORMATION GRACHURE (in short an infographics brochure)

You will be given a task individually by your teacher. You are going to make an
infographics that shows a hazard map in your community. This activity will help you
develop your techno skills and social skills and also your creativity. After making an
infographics, you’re going to share it thru social Medias and thru infographics brochure
for those who have no access to technologies.

5 10 15
CREATIVITY It needs more Its design is good, It is very attractive
design and the arranged and it is and well arrange
font size are not readable. that everyone that
that readable for sees it wants to
all ages. read it.
CONTENT Needs more data The contents are The contents are
to be indicated for good and excellent, very
the people to be informative but not informative that
more informed. all info’s are everyone can find
indicated. all info’s and can
understand the
content.
RELEVANCE The information The information The Information
grachure lacks grachure is good grachure that they
resources and but needs more made is very
consistency. resources and consistent with
consistency. resources
provided.
 Identify Human Activities That Speed
Lesson Up or Trigger Landslides
2

What’s In
In the previous lesson, we already know the use and importance of using
hazard maps by identifying those highlighted areas as vulnerable zones or at higher
risk to cause damage and loss of life but have you ever thought about what triggers or
speeding up these kind of hazards such as landslides?

Let’s Go Back In Time

Have you ever thought who are the key factors of triggering or speeding up
these hazards?

What did you and your family do to prevent or to slow it down from happening
or triggering lanslides?

Today we will learn and Identify human activities that speed up or trigger
landslides and this will help us to avoid things that will change the bad habits or doings
that we do.

What I Need to Know

The World is fast changing because of the different hazards that we experience and
most of the times one of the most common among all of these hazards are landslides
because it partners in almost all types of hazards.
Questionnaire: Experience Drop
This is to assess you about your knowledge in landslides. Just put a smiley face if
you agree with the statement and sad face if you disagree.

The human activities can trigger landslides such as occupying a large area of
forest for housing.
I have witnessed a landslide.
Volcanic eruption is caused by human activity that can cause landslides.
Quarrying is a human activity that can cause landslides.
Mining is a human activity that can cause landslides.
Illegal logging is a human activity that can cause landslides.
Wild animals are the reason that landslides are triggering.
Wet land or soil are at lower risk to cause landslides.
Only the professionals that studies landslides can help prevent or slow down
landslides from happening.
I plant trees to help prevent or to slow down landslides from happening.
 What’s New

Activity 1: 321 Active

The teacher will assign a task. Each learner will be assigned to role play a landslide
scenario that is triggered or speed up by human activity/activities. The teacher will give
the students a time to think and practice for their role play. Note: If there are no gadgets
available, you can do it thru an animated flip chart.

5 10 15
Creativity They need to They performed They performed
improve more on good but they just excellently with
their creativeness need a little bit different styles and
in their role play more creative. very resourceful.
Clarity They need to show The voice is just Their voice are
off more and enough to be very clear and
needs more heard and they each role has
practice. have good delivery been delivered
in their roles. clearly.
Consistency Needs more They got the Their role play is
understanding assigned task to very consistent to
about the task that them but not that the topic given to
have been given to consistent. them.
them.
 What Is It

What is a landslide?
A landslide is also known as a landslip the movement of a mass of rock, debris,
or earth down a slope. Landslides can also be classified as a type of "mass wasting,"
which indicates any soil and rock in a down slope movement under the direct influence
of gravity. The word "landslide" involves five modes of slope movement: flows, slides,
spreads, topples, and falls. These are further subdivided by the type of geologic
material such as debris, bedrock and/or earth. The debris flows are sometimes
commonly referred to as mudslides or mudflow and rock falls are examples of common
landslide types.
Almost every landslide has multiple causes. The movement of slope occurs when
forces acting down-slope primarily due to gravity which exceed the strength of the
earth materials that comprise the slope. There are causes which includes factors that
contribute to low or reduced strength and factors that increase the effects of down
slope forces.
What human activities can trigger or speed up landslides?
Mining
-Refers to the use of explosives underground are like mini earthquakes. This
can cause a landslide. Also historic mining can cause a ground level gaps of 6-8ft. A
shift in soil can cause a ground level drop of the same measurement, leading to a
landslide.

Land Pollution
-Is the degradation of earth’s land surfaces are often triggered by human
doings/activities and its misuse. The haphazard disposal of urban and industrial
exploitation of minerals, wastes, and improper use of soil by poor agricultural practices
are a few of the contributing factors.

Excavation
-Excavation is the processing, exposure, and recording of archaeological
remains. The excavation site or “dig” is a site being studied.

Land Use
- involves the management and modification of natural environment or
wilderness into built environment examples are construction of houses, roads and etc.
 What’s More

ACTIVITY: HUMAN IMPACT POSTER PROJECT

You are going to make a Poster: “Human Impact Poster Project”. Below are the effects
of human activity that triggered landslides and caused damage of property and life.
 What I Have Learned

ACTIVITY: A MINUTE JINGLE COMPOSITION

-You will be assigned by your teacher to make an individual jingle composition.

-You will showcase some ways on how to lessen landslides.

-Make sure that your composition should connect with the lesson.

-Get your Note and start to compose.

What I Can Do

ACTIVITY: DIORAMA MAKING

-You will become an artist in this activity to showcase your talent in artistry and creative
mind and resourcefulness.

-Each individual will showcase the lesson about human activities that can trigger or
speed up landslides.

-Use recyclable materials in making the diorama.

-You can choose whether you want to make human activities that can speed up
landslide or activities that can lessen landslides.

-Share your works to the class and/or to the community for them to be aware about
the cause and effects of the human activities that can trigger or speed up landslides.
Summary
Hazard Map – is a type of map that highlights areas that are vulnerable to a
certain hazard.
Human Activity – are various actions for recreation, living, or necessity done by
people.
Quarrying – cut into rock or ground to obtain stone or other materials.
Mining – is the extraction of geological materials from the earth, usually from an
ore body, placer deposits and etc.
Excavation – the action of excavating something, especially an archaeological
site.
Land Pollution – refers to the deterioration of the earth’s land surfaces.
Land Use – involves the management and modification of natural environment
or wilderness into built environment such as housing, settlements,
and etc.

Assessment: (Post-Test)

True or False. Put a smiley face if the statement is true and sad face if
the statement is false.
1. Hazard maps are used only for flooding.
2. Using hazard maps can lower the risk of being vulnerable to a certain hazards.
3. Living in a high risk area could lead to a more vulnerable situation that costs
more lives and property.
4. Hazards in the Philippines includes landslides, volcanic eruption, flash floods
and earthquakes.
5. Human activities cannot trigger or speed up landslides.
6. Mass cutting of trees can trigger or speed up landslides.
7. Excavation helps in strengthening the land to slow landslides from happening.
8. Quarrying cuts the ground to obtain stone or other materials.
9. Most hazard maps use green colour to highlight high risk or vulnerable areas.
10. When a boulder tumbles down a hillside it’s an example of landslide.
11. A landslide refers to a soil, rock, and debris sliding down a slope.
12. It is safe to follow the orders of local officials to evacuate even if you haven’t
experience any hazards before in your area.
13. The Philippines is located at the ring of fire.
14. Wet soil or land can trigger or speed up landslides.
15. Land pollution refers to the cutting of rock or ground to obtain stone or other
materials.
Multiple Choice. Answer the question that follows. Choose the best answer from
among the given choices.
1. What is another term for landslide?
a. Lava flow c. Landslip
b. Debris Avalanche d. Rock fall
2. Which of the following is NOT a sign of a possible landslide?
a. Trees or walls shifting
b. Door/window jams for the first time
c. Parking or paved driveways lots slowly beginning to crack
d. Two full moons two nights in a row
3. Which of the following is NOT the use of hazard map?
a. Use for leisure.
b. Use to identify flood areas.
c. To be informed if you are vulnerable to a landslide.
d. Shows highlighted areas that is risky to any hazards.

4. Another step in being prepared for a landslide is the same as with the danger
of fire; making an evacuation plan. When is it best to make this evacuation
plan?
a. While your house is slipping down a hill
b. As soon as possible, if not done already
c. I don’t need an evacuation plan
d. Whenever you have time; the chances of a landslide are very slim.
5. After a danger has passed, make sure to check your local radio or weather
station for updates on landslide. Which of the following do you NOT have do
after returning home?
a. Check foundation and chimney for damage
b. Keep all electronics turned off for a month
c. Replant ruined land
d. Stabilize land as soon as possible