MCQ 11

Which one of these is not in the five functional types of

unionism identified by Robert Hoxie
A. Business unionism
B. Predatory unionism
C. Revolutionary unionism
D. Marxist Unionism
MCQ 11
Which one of these is not in the five functional types of
unionism identified by Robert Hoxie
A. Business unionism
B. Predatory unionism
C. Revolutionary unionism
D. Marxist Unionism
Professor Hoxie finds five distinct functional types which differ among themselves in aims,
methods, and attitude toward existing institutions.
I. Business unionism, accepting the wages system as it is, seeks the best obtainable
terms of employment for its own membership. Its method is collective bargaining
supplemented by mutual insurance and occasional resort to strikes; its outlook is that
of the craft or trade, its aims somewhat narrowly economic.
II. Uplift unionism accepts, along with the wages system, the whole existing social
order. Its mission is the diffusion of leisure-class culture and bourgeois virtues among
the workers. Mutual insurance is its main function and homiletics its preoccupation.
III. Revolutionary unionism avowedly aims at the overthrow of the extant socio-
economic order by and for the working class.
IV. Predatory unionism practices secret, rather than open, violence. It is lawless, and
in so far anarchistic, but it professes no far-reaching philosophy, nor does it aim at
anything beyond the immediate economic advantage of its own membership. When
this ruthless policy is a counsel of despair, the continuation of a bitter struggle which
has gone against the union and the practical answer to a policy of extermination on
the part of employers, Professor Hoxie terms the resultant subspecies guerrilla
unionism.
V. Dependent unionism appears in two forms: that which relies upon the support of
unionists outside the group concerned and that which is created by employers for
ends of their own.
MCQ 12
Choose correct about ESIC
1. It’s a statutory body
2. It’s an autonomous body
3. The corporation can set up hospitals only in collaboration with state
government or other private entities
(A) 1 & 2
(B) 1 & 3
(C) 2 & 3
(D) All
MCQ 12
Choose correct about ESIC
1. It’s a statutory body
2. It’s an autonomous body
3. The corporation can set up hospitals only in collaboration with state
government or other private entities
(A)1 & 2
(B) 1 & 3
(C) 2 & 3
(D) All
• In March 1943, Prof. B.P. Adarkar was appointed by the Government of
India to create a report on the health insurance scheme for industrial
workers. The report became the basis for the Employment State
Insurance (ESI) Act of 1948.
• Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC), established by ESI Act, is
an autonomous corporation under Ministry of Labour and Employment,
Government of India.
• As it is a legal entity, the corporation can raise loans and take measures
for discharging such loans with the prior sanction of the central
government and it can acquire both movable and immovable property
and all incomes from the property shall vest with the corporation.
• The corporation can set up hospitals either independently or in
collaboration with state government or other private entities, but most
of the dispensaries and hospitals are run by concerned state
governments.
MCQ 13
The key changes in Maternity Benefit Act, 2017
1. Providing crèche (day care) facilities is now mandatory for employers
with more than 500 employees.
2. recognition of the rights of an adopting mother and of a commissioning
mother (using a surrogate to bear a child) for the first time, who may
claim paid maternity leave for 12 weeks
3. increased paid maternity leave from 12 weeks to 26 weeks for women
employees, unless they have two or more surviving children
(A) 1 & 2
(B) 2 & 3
(C) 1 & 3
(D) All
MCQ 13
The key changes in Maternity Benefit Act, 2017
1. Providing crèche (day care) facilities is now mandatory for employers
with more than 500 employees.
2. recognition of the rights of an adopting mother and of a commissioning
mother (using a surrogate to bear a child) for the first time, who may
claim paid maternity leave for 12 weeks
3. increased paid maternity leave from 12 weeks to 26 weeks for women
employees, unless they have two or more surviving children
(A) 1 & 2
(B) 2 & 3
(C) 1 & 3
(D) All
(i) increased paid maternity leave from 12 weeks to 26
weeks for women employees, unless they have two or
more surviving children;
(ii) recognition of the rights of an adopting mother and of
a commissioning mother (using a surrogate to bear a
child) for the first time, who may claim paid maternity
leave for 12 weeks;
(iii) a “work from home” option that may be of benefit after
the maternity leave expires;
(iv) and, effective as of the 1st of July, 2017, mandatory
crèche (day care) facilities for every establishment
employing 50 or more employees, including the right of
mothers to visit the crèche four times per day.
MCQ 14
The ILO Governing Body has identified eight “fundamental” Conventions,
covering subjects that are considered to be fundamental principles and
rights at work. Which of these are among them
1. Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
2. Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)
3. Minimum Age Convention (No.138)
4. Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No.182)
(A) 1 & 3
(B) 2 & 3
(C) 2 & 4
(D) All
MCQ 14
The ILO Governing Body has identified eight “fundamental” Conventions,
covering subjects that are considered to be fundamental principles and
rights at work. Which of these are among them
1. Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
2. Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)
3. Minimum Age Convention (No.138)
4. Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No.182)
(A) 1 & 3
(B) 2 & 3
(C) 2 & 4
(D) All
The eight-core conventions of the ILO are:
Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
1. Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (No.105)
2. Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)
3. Discrimination (Employment Occupation) Convention
(No.111)
4. Minimum Age Convention (No.138)
5. Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No.182)
6. Freedom of Association and Protection of Right to Organised
Convention (No.87)
7. Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
(No.98)
MCQ 15
1. India is a founding member of the ILO and it has been a
permanent member of the ILO Governing Body since 1922.
2. India has ratified all of the eight-core/fundamental ILO
conventions.
Choose correct
(A)Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C)Both
(D)None
MCQ 15
1. India is a founding member of the ILO and it has been a
permanent member of the ILO Governing Body since 1922.
2. India has ratified all of the eight-core/fundamental ILO
conventions.
Choose correct
(A)Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C)Both
(D)None
India and ILO
• India is a founding member of the ILO and it has been a
permanent member of the ILO Governing Body since 1922.
• In India, the first ILO Office was started in 1928.
• The decades of productive partnership between the ILO and its
constituents has mutual trust and respect as underlying
principles and is grounded in building sustained institutional
capacities and strengthening capacities of partners.
• India has ratified six out of the eight-core/fundamental ILO
conventions
• India has not ratified the two core/fundamental conventions,
namely Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to
Organize Convention, 1948 (No. 87) and Right to Organize and
Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98).
The main reason for non-ratification of ILO conventions No.87
& 98 is due to certain restrictions imposed on the government
servants.
• The ratification of these conventions would involve granting of
certain rights that are prohibited under the statutory rules, for
the government employees, namely, the right to strike, to
openly criticize government policies, to freely accept a
financial contribution, to freely join foreign organizations etc.
MCQ 16
1. Tripartism is economic corporatism based on tripartite
contracts between employers' organizations, trade unions,
and the market of a country
2. The International Labour Organization is the only United
Nations agency that is based on tripartism
Choose correct
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C)Both
(D)None
MCQ 16
1. Tripartism is economic corporatism based on tripartite
contracts between employers' organizations, trade unions,
and the market of a country
2. The International Labour Organization is the only United
Nations agency that is based on tripartism
Choose correct
(A) Only 1
(B)Only 2
(C)Both
(D)None
• Tripartism is economic corporatism based on
tripartite contracts between employers'
organizations, trade unions, and the government
of a country.
• Each is to act as a social partner to create
economic policy through cooperation,
consultation, negotiation, and compromise.
• Tripartism is a common form of and favored by
neo-corporatism
• The International Labour Organization is the
only United Nations agency that is based on
tripartism.
• It uses the discussions between the three groups
in drafting of standards and conventions. Also for
the implementation of ILO-standards in national
law tripartite consultations on a national level are
a requirement for those countries party to
the Tripartite Consultation (International Labour
Standards) Convention, 1976.
Corporatism is a political ideology which
advocates the organization of society
by corporate groups, such as agricultural,
labour, military, scientific, or guild
associations, on the basis of their common
interests.
The term is derived from the Latin corpus,
or "human body".
The hypothesis that society will reach a
peak of harmonious functioning when each
of its divisions efficiently performs its
designated function, such as a body's
organs individually contributing its general
health and functionality, lies at the center
of corporatist theory.
MCQ 17
In a historic decision, the Union government had cut the contributions
made by employers and employees toward the health insurance
scheme of Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC).
The total contribution has been cut to ___per cent from the current
____per cent.
(A) 10, 12
(B) 8.33, 10
(C) 4, 6.5
(D) 3, 6.5
MCQ 17
In a historic decision, the Union government had cut the contributions
made by employers and employees toward the health insurance
scheme of Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC).
The total contribution has been cut to ___per cent from the current
____per cent.
(A) 10, 12
(B) 8.33, 10
(C) 4, 6.5
(D) 3, 6.5
• In a historic decision, the Union government has cut the contributions made by
employers and employees toward the health insurance scheme of Employees’
State Insurance Corporation (ESIC).
• The total contribution has been cut to 4 per cent from the current 6.5 per cent.
The contribution rate cut is expected to help firms save around Rs 5,000 crore per
year, benefitting 3.6 crore employees and 12.85 lakh employers.
• The new ESIC rate would be effective from July 1, 2019, the Ministry of Labour &
Employment said on Thursday.
• This includes a reduction of 1.5% in employers’ contribution to
3.25% from 4.75% and 1% reduction in employees’ contribution to
0.75% from 1.75%.
• The ESI Act 1948 under the labour ministry covers employees with salary up to Rs
21,000. Aiming to increase the country’s formal workforce, the government had
raised the wage ceiling in December 2016 to Rs 21,000 from Rs 15,000.
• The ESI Act provides for medical, cash, maternity, disability and dependent
benefits to the insured persons funded by the contributions made by the
employers and the employees. The Employees’ State Insurance Corporation,
under labour ministry, administers the scheme.
• Labour ministry data shows 36 million workers were insured under the scheme in
2018-19, with a contribution of Rs 22,279 crore.
• E.S.I. Scheme being contributory in nature, all the employees in the factories or
establishments to which the Act applies shall be insured in a manner provided by the
Act.
• The contribution payable to the Corporation in respect of an employee shall comprise of
employer's contribution and employee's contribution at a specified rate.
• The rates are revised from time to time.
• Currently, the employee's contribution rate (w.e.f. 01.07.2019) is 0.75% of the wages and
that of employer's is 3.25% of the wages paid/payable in respect of the employees in
every wage period.
• Employees in receipt of a daily average wage upto Rs.137/- are exempted from payment
of contribution. Employers will however contribute their own share in respect of these
employees.
Collection of Contribution:
• An employer is liable to pay his contribution in respect of every employee and deduct
employees contribution from wages bill and shall pay these contributions at the above
specified rates to the Corporation within 15 days of the last day of the Calendar month in
which the contributions fall due. The Corporation has authorized designated branches of
the State Bank of India and some other banks to receive the payments on its behalf.
MCQ 18
Which of these will be important social security laws in India
1. The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
2. The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
3. The Employees Provident Fund & Miscellaneous Provisions
Act, 1952
4. Child Labour Act, 1986
5. The Payment of Wages Act, 1936
(A) 2,3,4
(B) 3 only
(C) 1,2,3
(D) All
MCQ 18
Which of these will be important social security laws in India
1. The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
2. The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
3. The Employees Provident Fund & Miscellaneous Provisions
Act, 1952
4. Child Labour Act, 1986
5. The Payment of Wages Act, 1936
(A) 2,3,4
(B) 3 only
(C) 1,2,3
(D) All
Some Important social security laws in India
• The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
• The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
• Employees liability act 1938
• The Personal Injuries (Emergency) Provisions Act, 1962
• The Personal Injuries (Compensation Insurance) Act, 1963
• The Employees Provident Fund & Miscellaneous Provisions
Act, 1952
• The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948
• The Employees Compensation Act, 1923
MCQ 19
1. The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) is the
world's largest trade union federation.
2. The federation was formed on 1 November 2006 out of the
merger of the International Confederation of Free Trade
Unions (ICFTU) and the World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
Choose correct
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C)Both
(D)None
MCQ 19
1. The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) is the
world's largest trade union federation.
2. The federation was formed on 1 November 2006 out of the
merger of the International Confederation of Free Trade
Unions (ICFTU) and the World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
Choose correct
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C)Both
(D)None
• The federation was formed on 1 November 2006 out of the merger of the
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) and the World
Confederation of Labour (WCL).
• The Founding Congress of the ITUC was held in Vienna and was preceded
by the dissolution congresses of both the ICFTU and the WCL.
• The ITUC has three main regional organizations: the Asia-Pacific Regional
Organization, the Trade Union Confederation of the Americas, and the
African Regional Organization.
• The Trade Union Development Cooperation Network (TUDCN) is an
initiative of the ITUC whose main objective is to bring the trade union
perspective into international development policy debates and improve the
coordination and effectiveness of trade union development cooperation
activities.

• The ITUC represents 207 million workers through its 331 affiliated
organizations within 163 countries and territories.
• Sharan Burrow is the current General Secretary
• The Global Rights Index is a world-wide assessment of trade union
and human rights by country.
• Updated annually in a report issued by the International Trade Union
Confederation, the index rates countries on a scale from 1 (best)
through to 5+ (worst).
• Ratings are based on 97 indicators derived from the labour standards
of the International Labour Organization.
• The annual index reports on violations of trade union rights, such as
limitations on collective bargaining and the right to strike, inhibiting
trade union membership, state surveillance, violence and killings
against trade unionists and restrictions on freedom of speech.
MCQ 20
1. The “Employees Compensation Act, 1923” is an Act to provide payment
in the form of compensation by the Central Govt. to the employees for
any injuries they have suffered during an accident.
2. employer is not liable to pay compensation If the injury does not end in
the entire or partial disablement of the employee for a period exceeding
three days.
Choose correct about Employees Compensation Act, 1923
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Both
(D) None
MCQ 20
1. The “Employees Compensation Act, 1923” is an Act to provide payment
in the form of compensation by the Central Govt. to the employees for
any injuries they have suffered during an accident.
2. employer is not liable to pay compensation If the injury does not end in
the entire or partial disablement of the employee for a period exceeding
three days.
Choose correct about Employees Compensation Act, 1923
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Both
(D) None
The “Employees Compensation Act, 1923” is an Act to provide payment
in the form of compensation by the employers to the employees for
any injuries they have suffered during an accident. Earlier this Act was
known as the Workmen Compensation Act, 1923. When the employer
is not liable to pay compensation-
1.If the injury does not end in the entire or partial disablement of the
employee for a period exceeding three days.
2.If the injury, not leading in death or permanent total disablement, is
caused by an accident which is directly attributable to:
• The employee having at the time of the accident is under the influence of
drink or drugs;
• The willful disobedience of the employee to an order if the rule is expressly
given or expressly framed, for the purpose of securing the safety of
employees; or
• The willful removal or disregard by the employee of any safety guard or other
device which has been provided for the purpose of securing the safety of
employees.