KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA ONGC CHANKHEDA

AISSE PRACTICAL EXAM 2021-2022

CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

TOPIC: THE IONS PRESENT IN THE TOOTHPASTE AND
DETERMINE ITS QUALITY.

Name: Janvi Solanki

Class: 12th-B
Roll no.:12
Subject: Chemistry
Guided By: Praveen Kumar Patidar Sir
 CERTIFICATE
Name: Janvi Solanki
Class: 12th B
Roll no.:12
Institution: KV ONGC Chandkheda

This is certified to be bonafide work of the student in the K V ONGC

CHANDKHEDA ONGC, Laboratory during the academic year of 2021-22
No. of practicals certified 1 out of 1 in the subject of CHEMISTRY.

Examiner’s signature Teacher in charge

Principal
Date:
Institution Stamp
 INDEX

1.Certificate
2.Acknowledgement
3.Introduction
4.Aim
5.Requirements
6.Experiments
7.Observations
8.Conclusions
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my debt to Mr. PK Patidar sir

for giving me the opportunity to carry out this
experiment in the Chemistry lab of KV ONGC
Chandkheda. I would like to extend my heart full
gratitude to our honourable principal Mr Ashok
Rathi & my chemistry teacher Mr. P.K. Patidar for
being a constant source of inspiration to me. At the
end, thanks to all who have given their direct or
indirect help in this project without which it
wouldn’t have been a success.

INTRODUCTION
One of our daily life commodities, the toothpaste which
is important for keeping our teeth clean and maintain
hygiene, has a variety of chemical compounds in them,
which can be tested in the laboratory to check if all the
necessary ions are present or not.
Every toothpaste has certain components in common.
For example- binders, abrasives, subsets, humectants,
flavours, sweeteners, fluorides, tooth whiteners,
preservatives and 20-40% water.
Binders are required for thickening the toothpaste,
which function for better storage so that the liquid and
solid components do not separate. They also effect the
speed and volume of foam production, rate of flavour
release and product dispersal, the appearance of
toothpaste ribbon on the toothbrush. Some binders are
gum solid alginate, methyl cellulose, carrageen and
magnesium aluminium silicate.
The fluorides present in them, cannot reverse cavities,
but can slow the rate at which they develop.
Abrasives constitute at least 50% of typical toothpaste.
These insoluble particles help remove plaque from the
teeth. The removal of plaque and calculus helps
minimize cavities and periodontal diseases. Represent
abrasives include particles of aluminium hydroxide,
calcium carbonate, various calcium hydrogen
phosphates, various silicates and zeolites, and
hydroxyapatite. Abrasives like the dental polishing
agents used in dentist’s office also cause a small amount
of enamel erosion which is termed as- ‘polishing’ action.
Some brands contain powdered white mica, which acts
as a mild abrasive, and also adds a cosmetically pleasing
glittery shimmer to the paste. The polishing of teeth
removes stains from tooth surfaces, but has not been
shown to improve dental health over and above the
effects of the removal of plaque and calculus.

EXPERIMENTS
AIM- To detect the presence of different ions in
two samples of toothpaste.
REQUIREMENTS-
 Beakers
 Test tubes
 Test tube stand
 Test tube holder
 Burner
 Two toothpaste samples-
Brand A
Brand B
 Reagents required-
1.Magnesium sulphate solution

 MgSO4 can be found as salt in the laboratory,

and its original solution can be prepared for
reaction.
2.Ammonium Hydroxide solution
3.Magnesia mixture- NH4Cl and NH4OH and MgSO4
4.Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
5.Silver Nitrate solution
6.Oxalic Acid
7.Sodium phosphate dibasic
 Present as salt, whose original solution can be
prepared.
Oxalic acid
 EXPERIMENTS
PROCEDURE-

Take the samples in a small amount and dissolve it in water.

Then filter it using filter paper to get a clear solution.

1. To detect presence of ions in sample of Brand A

toothpaste.

OBSERVATION TABLE-
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Take a part of Formation of CO32- present
the solution white ppt.
and add MgSO4
solution to it.
Take a part of Formation of Ca2+ Present
solution and white ppt.
add
Ammonium
Hydroxide
solution(1-2
ml).
Take a part of Formation of PO42- present
solution and white ppt.
add Magnesia
mixture
Acidify a A yellow ppt. is I- is present
portion of formed which is
aqueous insoluble in
solution with NH4OH
dil. HNO3. Boil
and cool and
AgNO3
Take a small Smells like that CH3COO-
quantity of of vinegar present
solution and
add oxalic acid
to it. Prepare
the paste of it
with a few
drops of water.
Rub and smell.
To one part of No reaction Pb+ absent
solution add KI.
Take one part A white ppt. is Mg2+ present
of the solution formed
and add solid
NH4Cl and
NH4OH in slight
excess, then
add sodium
phosphate
dibasic.
Observation-
Ions present- CO32-, Ca2+,PO42-, I-, CH3COO- ,Mg2+

Chemical Equations-
 CO32- +MgSO4→MgCO3+SO42-
 CO32-+2CH3COOH→(CH3COO)2Ca + H2O
 (CH3COO)2Ca + (NH4)2C2O4→2CHCOONH4 + CaC2O4
 NaHPO4 + MgCl2 + NH4OH → Mg(NH4)PO4 + 2NaCl +
H2O
 I-+ AgNO3→ NO- + AgI (yellow ppt.)
 (COOH)2 + 2CH3COONa→ No reaction
  Pb + 2KI→ No reaction
 NaHPO4 + MgCl2 + NH4OH → Mg(NH4)PO4 + 2NaCl +
H2O

2. To detect the ions present in sample of Brand B

toothpaste.
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Take a part of Formation of CO32- present
the solution white ppt.
and add
MgSO4
solution to it.
Take a part of Formation of Ca2+ Present
solution and white ppt.
add
Ammonium
Hydroxide
solution(1-2
ml).
Take a part of Formation of PO42- present
solution and white ppt.
add Magnesia
mixture
Acidify a A yellow ppt. I- is present
portion of is formed
aqueous which is
solution with insoluble in
dil. HNO3. Boil NH4OH
and cool and
AgNO3
Take a small No smell CH3COO-
quantity of absent
solution and
add oxalic acid
to it. Prepare
the paste of it
with a few
drops of
water. Rub
and smell.
To one part of No reaction Pb absent
solution add KI.
Take one part A white ppt is Mg2+ present
of the solution formed.
and add solid
NH4Cl and
NH4OH in slight
excess, then
add sodium
phosphate
dibasic.
Observation-
Ions present- CO32-, Ca2+,PO42-, I-,Mg2+

Chemical Equations-
CO32- +MgSO4→MgCO3+SO42-
CO32-+2CH3COOH→(CH3COO)2Ca + H2O
(CH3COO)2Ca + (NH4)2C2O4→2CHCOONH4 + CaC2O4
NaHPO4 + MgCl2 + NH4OH → Mg(NH4)PO4 + 2NaCl + H2O
I-+ AgNO3→ NO- + AgI (yellow ppt.)
(COOH)2 + 2CH3COONa→ No reaction
Pb + 2KI→ No reaction

Conclusion- Hence, after testing, we can conclude that Brand A

has presence of all the necessary ions, and is good for strong
and bright teeth.
Bibliography-

https://thechemistryguru.com
www.wikipedia.com
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com