Pass One – Two Pass Assembler

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void main()
{
printf("Yadul Manoj\t69\n\n");
// Stores starting address of program
int start_addr;
// Location counter
int locctr;
// Stores the length of the instruction
int length;
// Stores the label received from input file
char label[20];
// Stores the opcode received from input file
char opcode[20];
// Stores operand received from input file
char operand[20];
// File pointers to input program, optab, symtab, intermediate file, and length file
FILE *input_ptr, *optab_ptr, *symtab_ptr, *intermed_ptr, *length_ptr;

// Open input and output files

input_ptr = fopen("input.txt", "r");
symtab_ptr = fopen("symtab.txt", "w");
intermed_ptr = fopen("intermediate.txt", "w");
length_ptr = fopen("length.txt", "w");

// feof() returns non-zero value when end-of-file has reached

while (feof(input_ptr) == 0)
{
// Read next line from input file
fscanf(input_ptr, "%s %s %s", label, opcode, operand);

// If label is present, add it to symtab

if (strcmp(label, "-") != 0 && strcmp(opcode, "START") != 0 && strcmp(opcode, "END") != 0)
fprintf(symtab_ptr, "%s %x\n", label, locctr);

// If opcode = START, set starting address and locctr as operand

if (strcmp(opcode, "START") == 0)
{
length = 0;
start_addr = (int)strtol(operand, NULL, 16);
locctr = start_addr;
}
// If opcode = END, write length of program to length file
else if (strcmp(opcode, "END") == 0)
{
length = 0;
fprintf(length_ptr, "%x", locctr - start_addr);
}
// If opcode = BYTE, set length of the instruction = length of operand
else if (strcmp(opcode, "BYTE") == 0)
{
if (operand[0] == 'X')
length = (strlen(operand) - 3) / 2;

if (operand[0] == 'C')
length = strlen(operand) - 3;
}
// If opcode = WORD, set length of instruction = 3
else if (strcmp(opcode, "WORD") == 0)
length = 3;
// If opcode = RESB, set length of instruction = operand
else if (strcmp(opcode, "RESB") == 0)
length = (int)strtol(operand, NULL, 16);
// If opcode = RESW, set length of instruction = 3 * operand
else if (strcmp(opcode, "RESW") == 0)
length = 3 * (int)strtol(operand, NULL, 16);
// Search optab for opcode
else
{
 // Check if current line is a 4 byte instruction (opcode starts with '+')
if (opcode[0] == '+')
length = 4;
else
length = 3;

// Stores the opcode searched from optab

char opc[20];
// Stores the value of opcode from optab
char value[10];
// Set to 1 if matching opcode in optab is found
int flag = 0;

// Search for opcode in optab

optab_ptr = fopen("optab.txt", "r");
while (feof(optab_ptr) == 0)
{
fscanf(optab_ptr, "%s %s", opc, value);
char temp[20] = "+";
strcat(temp, opc);

if (strcmp(opcode, opc) == 0 || strcmp(opcode, temp) == 0)

{
flag = 1;
break;
}
}
fclose(optab_ptr);

if (flag == 0)
{
printf("Invalid opcode.\n");
break;
}
}

// Write to intermediate file

fprintf(intermed_ptr, "%x %d %s %s %s\n", locctr, length, label, opcode, operand);
printf("%x %d %s %s %s\n", locctr, length, label, opcode, operand);
// Increment locctr with the calculated length of instruction
locctr += length;
}

printf("\nLength of program: %x", locctr - start_addr);

fclose(input_ptr);
fclose(symtab_ptr);
fclose(intermed_ptr);
fclose(length_ptr);
}

Yadul Manoj 69

1000 0 COPY START 1000

1000 3 START LDA ALPHA
1003 3 - ADD ONE
1006 3 - SUB TWO
1009 4 - +STA BETA
100d 5 ALPHA BYTE C'GAMMA'
1012 2 ONE RESB 2
1014 3 TWO WORD 5
1017 3 BETA RESW 1
101a 0 - END START

Length of program: 1a
input.txt

COPY START 1000

START LDA ALPHA
- ADD ONE
- SUB TWO
- +STA BETA
ALPHA BYTE C'GAMMA'
ONE RESB 2
TWO WORD 5
BETA RESW 1
- END START

optab.txt:

LDA 00
STA 0C
ADD 18
SUB 1C

intermediate.txt:

1000 0 COPY START 1000

1000 3 START LDA ALPHA
1003 3 - ADD ONE
1006 3 - SUB TWO
1009 4 - +STA BETA
100d 5 ALPHA BYTE C'GAMMA'
1012 2 ONE RESB 2
1014 3 TWO WORD 5
1017 3 BETA RESW 1
101a 0 - END START

symtab.txt

START 1000
ALPHA 100d
ONE 1012
TWO 1014
BETA 1017

length.txt

1a