‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻡ ﺣﻴﺪﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺣﻨﺎﺯ ﺟﺎﻭﻳﺪﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻬﺮ‪88‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤـﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :1‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‪1 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :2‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ‪3 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :3‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ‪5 ...................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :4‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ‪9 ..................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :5‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‪11 .......................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :6‬ﻳﻜﺴﻮﻛﻨﻨﺪﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‪13 ..................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ : 7‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷‪ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴/‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ‪16 ........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ : 8‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴‪ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴/‬ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ‪19 . ...............................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :9‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴‪ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴/‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ‪22 .. ................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :10‬ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ‪26 ........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :11‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷‪29 ..................................................................𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷/‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :12‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ DC/AC‬ﭘﻞ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ‪32 .................................................................................‬‬

‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‪35 ........................................................................................................................... :‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:1‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻫﺪﻑﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ‬

‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺍﻱ‪3‬ﭘﺎﻳﻪ )ﺁﻧﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺖ( ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺎﺱ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﻛﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﮔﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫‪ : 𝐼𝐼GT‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﺸﺪﻥ )ﺗﺮﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ( ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫𝐻𝐻𝐼𝐼 ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﺪ‪-‬ﻛﺎﺗﺪ )ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﮕﺮ( ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﺸﺪﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫𝐿𝐿𝐼𝐼 ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﺪ‪-‬ﻛﺎﺗﺪ )ﮔﻴﺖ ﻗﻄﻊ( ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﻤﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺭﻭﺷﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺭﻭﺷﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺪﺍﻣﻨﺪ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ؟‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﭼﺮﺍ؟‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ 𝑌𝑌 ‪ 𝑋𝑋 −‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ‪ 𝑉𝑉𝑔𝑔 = 0‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﻱ ‪ 𝐼𝐼gt‬ﻭ 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑉𝑉 ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ 𝐻𝐻𝐼𝐼ﻭ 𝐿𝐿𝐼𝐼 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻲ 𝑔𝑔𝑉𝑉 ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ؟ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻟﺘﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺁﻣﭙﺮﻣﺘﺮ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ ) ‪ 𝐼𝐼gt‬ﻭ 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑉𝑉 (‪ .‬ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺘﻪ 𝑔𝑔𝑉𝑉 ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ؟‬

‫ﺏ( ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ 𝐿𝐿𝐼𝐼 ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪﻩ 𝐻𝐻𝐼𝐼‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪2‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ 𝑃𝑃 ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ 𝑆𝑆 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ‪ S‬ﺭﺍ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ 𝑃𝑃 ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪) .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻗﻮﻱﺗﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ(‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻳﺸﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ 𝑃𝑃 ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻳﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪) .‬ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ(‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ 𝑆𝑆 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻧﻤﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪ 𝑃𝑃 .‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻭ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺎﻳﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺗﺎﻳﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ 𝑆𝑆 ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:2‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ‬

‫ﻫﺪﻑﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ‬

‫ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ًﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﺮﮔﺎﻩ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﺖ )ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ( ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺐ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺎﺱ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﻳﺰﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺷﮑﻞ‪1‬ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺮﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ‪ A‬ﻭ ‪ B‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ‪ X‬ﻭ ‪ Y‬ﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ 𝑷𝑷 ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ 𝑷𝑷 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺘﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ )ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ 𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝑰𝑰 ﺍﺳﺖ ( ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﮔﻴﺖ_ﺁﻧﺪ ‪1‬ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺁﻧﺪ‪_1‬ﺁﻧﺪ‪ 2‬ﺭﺍ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪.3 .3‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﻋﺒﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ) ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺮﺷﮕﺮﻫﺎﻱ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴( ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ 𝐶𝐶 ﻭ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ𝑃𝑃 ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺪﻝ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺷﻜﻞ‪2‬ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻛﺪﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻴﺘﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ؟‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﻔﺮﺽ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :3‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈‌ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ‬

‫ﻫﺪﻑﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺩﻳﺎﻙ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺩﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻨﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻜﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥﺳﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻳﺎﻙ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ‪ :‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻲﺩﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﮔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻨﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬
‫)ﺗﺮﺍﻳﺎﻙ( ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻚﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻱ𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ) 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽 ‪ (𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 −‬ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺍﻱ ﺳﻬﭙﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ‌‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻓﻠﺰﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﻤﻬﻬﺎﺩﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ 𝑁𝑁 ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻴﻨﻚ ﻧﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻧﻮﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻤﺖ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ًﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻻﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺁﺳﻴﺒﺪﻳﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻻﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ )ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ( ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﺕ )ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ( ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ‬

‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺷﻜﻞ‪1‬ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑉𝑉‪ 48‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﭼﭗ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ ﺧﻂ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‪ 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 ،‬ﺍﺳﻜﻮپ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﺳﻜﻮپ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ 𝑌𝑌 ‪ 𝑋𝑋 −‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ _ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ)ﻫﺎﻱ( ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ)𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼( ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺑﺴﺎﺯﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺏ( ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬ﻭ ‪3‬ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ 𝑅𝑅 ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪ 2‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ 𝑅𝑅 ﻭ 𝐶𝐶 ﺭﺍ ﻃﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﺯﻧﻲ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾‪ 10‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 3‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑉𝑉 ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪2‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ 𝑃𝑃 ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﻴﺲ‪ -1‬ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ 𝐸𝐸𝐼𝐼 ‪𝑉𝑉𝐸𝐸 −‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ 𝑃𝑃𝑉𝑉 ‪ 𝐼𝐼𝑃𝑃 ، 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ، 𝐼𝐼𝑃𝑃 ،‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪3‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﻣﻮﺝ ﺑﻴﺲ‪ -1‬ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺭﺍ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺑﻴﺲ‪ -1‬ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ‬

‫ﺝ( ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭی ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﮐﻮﭘﻠﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩی 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 ‪ 𝑡𝑡𝑓𝑓 ،‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ،4‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺁﻧﺪ – ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ‪ 1‬ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻛﻠﻜﺘﻮﺭ‪ -‬ﺍﻣﻴﺘﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ‪ 2‬ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ 𝑉𝑉𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 .4‬ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ) ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ( ﭼﻔﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺴﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﭘﺘﻮﻛﻮﭘﻠﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:4‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ‬

‫‪:‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ 𝐾𝐾 ‪ 50‬ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺕ ‪ 82 Ω‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺽ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾 ‪ 𝑍𝑍1 = 100𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛، 𝑅𝑅2 = 100𝛺𝛺 ، 𝑅𝑅1 = 5.6‬ﻭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ 42Vdc‬ﺑﻪ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑉𝑉 ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‬

‫) ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ‪ (𝑅𝑅2‬ﻭ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ 48Vac‬ﺑﻪ 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑉𝑉 ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻳﺸﺪﻩ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‬

‫ﺏ( ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ‪ 𝐵𝐵2 ، 𝐵𝐵1‬ﻭ 𝐸𝐸 ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ؟ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ‪ 𝑅𝑅1‬ﻭ 𝑠𝑠𝑉𝑉 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ 𝑃𝑃𝑉𝑉ﻭ 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ﺭﺍ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ 𝑃𝑃 ﭼﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ 𝐶𝐶 ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪) .‬ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ(‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:5‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻭ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺑﺎﺭﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻨﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺗﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺍﺳﻴﻼﺗﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺘ ًﺎ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻨﺘﺮ) ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﻛﻢ( ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﻴﻼﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﻳﺎ 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺎﻙ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﮑﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮ ‪ 50𝐾𝐾Ω‬ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ؟‬
‫ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ؟ ﭼﺮﺍ؟ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ) ‪ (1𝐾𝐾Ω‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺛﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‬

‫ﺑﺠﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ًﺍ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ( ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﻢ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻟﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻃﺮﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻳﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻟﻲ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ؟ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉_𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺸﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪:6‬ﻳﻜﺴﻮﻛﻨﻨﺪﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬

‫‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﻣﻮﺝ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻧﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺗﺪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺛﺮ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﺒ ًﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ‬
‫𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷‪ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴/‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺭﻳﭙﻞ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻛﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺗﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ(ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﺗﻚﻓﺎﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﻣﻮﺝ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 1‬ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻳﻚ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﺭﻧﮓ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‪ + :‬؛ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻣﺸﻜﻲ‪ - :‬؛ ﻭ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺯﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ) 𝛺𝛺‪ (𝑅𝑅 = 1‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ؟ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺸﻢ‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ 36‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ‪-‬ﺳﻠﻔﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ 144‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ‪-‬ﺳﻠﻔﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﻧﺎﻡﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﻣﻮﺝ _ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻓﻜﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻧﻤﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ؟ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﭼﺮﺍ؟ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﻒﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ؟‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﮕﺮﻛﺮﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﭼﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟ ﭼﺮﺍ؟‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻧﻤﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ؟ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻱ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﭼﺮﺍ؟ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺏ( ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﻣﻮﺝ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻳﻚ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺿﻲ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺸﻢ‬

‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ 144‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ‪-‬ﺳﻠﻔﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ 36‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ‪-‬ﺳﻠﻔﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻴﻔﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﻧﺎﻡﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﻣﻮﺝ _ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻼ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬

‫‪15‬‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪ :7‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷‪ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴/‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻮﺩﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺠﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺳﻨﻜﺮﻭﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ‪ %95‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﺳﻪ ﭘﺎﻟﺴﻪ ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ،1‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ) ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ( ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﻮﺝ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺣﻞ ﻱ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻩ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪12‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻛﺠﺎﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 1‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑅𝑅 ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ‪1Ω‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ‪ 12‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻲﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪ 12‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻲﻣﺘﺮﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﻭ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬

‫‪0°‬‬ ‫‪36°‬‬ ‫‪72°‬‬ ‫‪108°‬‬ ‫‪144°‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ‬

‫‪ .7‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .8‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺴﻔﻮﺭﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﭼﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻳﺸﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺘﻠﻂ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺏ( ﻳﻜﺴﻮﺳﺎﺯ ﺷﺸﭙﺎﻟﺴﻪ ﺳﻬﻔﺎﺯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻨﺸﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻳﭙﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ‪ 𝐷𝐷1‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ‪ 𝐷𝐷1‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪.1 .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﻨﻴﺎﺗﻮﺭﻱ ﺻﺮﻓ ًﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻛﻼﺱ 𝐴𝐴 ‪ 𝐵𝐵 ،‬ﻭ 𝐶𝐶 ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ 𝐴𝐴 ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ 𝐶𝐶 ﻛﻨﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻲﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﻳﭙﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ‪ 𝐷𝐷1‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺳﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ‪ 𝐷𝐷1‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.8‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺮﺯﻱ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﻲ ﺩﻳﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟ )ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ‪ :‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪(.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪ : 8‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ‬

‫‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺷﮕﺮﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC‬ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬

‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 1‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪ 90‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 1‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺳﻠﻔﻲ )ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ( ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪1‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪ 108 ،72 ،36 ،0‬ﻭ ‪ 144‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬
‫ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‬

‫‪α‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫‪0°‬‬ ‫‪36°‬‬ ‫‪72°‬‬ ‫‪108°‬‬ ‫‪144°‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪90‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬

‫ﺏ( ﻣﺒﺪﻝﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﺸﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪ 90‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‬

‫‪ .5‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪ 90‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ‬

‫ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪: 2‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪ 108 ،72 ،36 ،0‬ﻭ ‪ 144‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬
‫ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪0°‬‬ ‫‪36°‬‬ ‫‪72°‬‬ ‫‪108°‬‬ ‫‪144°‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ‪ 90‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ 90‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.9‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻬﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ : 9‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ‬

‫‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺷﮕﺮﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ ( ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﻤﻪﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 1‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﻤﻪﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺗﻤﺘﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻫﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪2‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪108 ،72 ،36 ،0‬ﻭ ‪ 144‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻬﻢ‬

‫‪αf‬‬ ‫‪0°‬‬ ‫‪36°‬‬ ‫‪72°‬‬ ‫‪108°‬‬ ‫‪144°‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‬
‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻬﺸﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻬﺎﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺸﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ؟ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‪/‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ ( ﻣﺒﺪﻝﻫﺎﻱ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﻤﻬﻜﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ AC/AC‬ﺳﻪﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﻤﻪﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻬﻢ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪3‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﺗﻤﺘﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 4‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪4‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺁﺗﺶ ‪ 108 ،72 ،36 ،0‬ﻭ ‪144‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪αf‬‬ ‫‪0°‬‬ ‫‪36°‬‬ ‫‪72°‬‬ ‫‪108°‬‬ ‫‪144°‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﺖ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺍﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻬﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ )ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ : 10‬ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺳﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻲ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺮﻭﺳﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻠﻒ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺯﻭﻧﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺳﺮﻱ‬

‫ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻳﻚ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻪ ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ؟‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 ‪ 50‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑‬
‫𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 ﻭ 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻨﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭼﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ؟‬
‫‪ .6‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ؟‬

‫ﺏ( ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪2‬ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻁ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﭼﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟ ﺭﻭﺍﺏ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 ‪ 50‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‬ ‫𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﻠﻮﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭼﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ؟‬
‫‪ .6‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ؟‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ : 11‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪DC/DC‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﭼﺎﭘﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ DC/DC‬ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ DC/DC‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ DC/DC‬ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﭼﺎﭘﺮ ‪ DC/DC‬ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪2‬ﭼﺎﭘﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ 𝐶𝐶 ﻭ ﺳﻠﻒ 𝐿𝐿 ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪2‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻟﺴﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺲ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪2‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ‌ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ )ﻋﺮﺽ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ‬
‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ( ﻭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪) .‬ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺣﺪﻭ ﺩ 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 ‪(50‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﭘﻴﻚ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﻚ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻳﭙﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﺎﭘﺮ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 ‪ 50‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ‌ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ) ﻋﺮﺽ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ( ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻳﭙﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﺮﺽ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫ﺏ( ﭼﺎﭘﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 3‬ﻳﻚ ﭼﺎﭘﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪3‬‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻱﺵ‪:‬‬

‫‪. .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺲ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ )ﻋﺮﺽ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ( ﻭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ) .‬ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 ‪(50‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﭘﻴﻚ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﻚ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻳﭙﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﺎﭘﺮ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 ‪ 50‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ) ﻋﺮﺽ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ( ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺝ( ﭼﺎﭘﺮ𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷‪ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷/‬ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ – ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 4‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷‪ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷/‬ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪4‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ 𝑆𝑆 ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻲ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺍ‬
‫‌‬ ‫‌ ‌‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺮﻻﻣﭗ ﺭﺍﺑﺎﺯﺍﻱ ‌ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉)𝐾𝐾 ‪ (10‬ﺍﺯﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻫﮕﻴﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ‌‬
‫‌‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‌‬
‫ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‬‫‌‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‌‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺣﺪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬

‫ﻫﺎﻱﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ)ﻻﻣﭗ( ‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﻒ ﻭ‬
‫‌‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ‬
‫‌‬ ‫𝑉𝑉‪60‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ‌ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‌‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺰﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ‪:12‬ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ DC/AC‬ﭘﻞ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻑ‬

‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﺴﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ DC‬ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﻥ ‌‪‌AC‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‪ .‬ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ DC‬ﺑﻪ ‪ AC‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ DC‬ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﺏ( ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ DC‬ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻼ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺪﻩ ﺁﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻋﻤ ً‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻫﺎﺭﻣﻮﻧﻴﻚ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ٌﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﺎﺭﻣﻮﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ )ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭽﻴﻨﮓ ﻭ ‪ (. . .‬ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻭ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 ‪ 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 ، 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻛﻮﺭﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁ 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﭘﻞ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇1‬ﻭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇2‬ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇3‬ﻭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇4‬ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪﻥ ‪𝑇𝑇1‬ﻭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇2‬ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺳﻠﻔﻲ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ‪ 𝐷𝐷3‬ﻭ ‪ 𝐷𝐷4‬ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‪ 𝑇𝑇3 ،‬ﻭ ‪𝑇𝑇4‬‬
‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ( ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﭘﻞ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺷﺒﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ‬

‫ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮔﻘﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭽﻴﻨﮓ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻱ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻮﺝ ﺷﺒﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺟﻔﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ‪ 𝑇𝑇1‬ﻭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇4‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪𝑇𝑇2‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇3‬ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻬﻨﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ‪ φ‬ﺷﻴﻔﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺩﻳﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ(ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮ ﻭﺳﻂ‬

‫‪ 𝑇𝑇1‬ﻭ ‪ 𝑇𝑇2‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺗﻜﻔﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺮﻭﺳﻄﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺩﻫﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻮﺭﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ‪ C‬ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ‪:‬‬

‫𝑁𝑁‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺁﺗﺶ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ‪ 𝑇𝑇1‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ 𝐸𝐸 ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻬﻲ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ E × N 2‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺷﺮﻁ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺁﻣﭙﺮﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬
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‫𝐸𝐸 ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺯ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻱ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫)𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚( ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺏ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ‬
‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺷﺎﺭژ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 )ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺠﻮﻣﻲ( ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺳﻮﺋﻴﭽﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ )ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﭘﻼﺭﻳﺘﻪ ‪-‬‬
‫𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ‪𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼ℎ‬‬ ‫𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺠﻮﻣﻲ‬ ‫𝐿𝐿 ﺳﺮﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ( ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻛﺘﺎﻧﺲ‬
‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 1‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ 𝐶𝐶 ﻭ ﺳﻠﻒ 𝐿𝐿 ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﭘﺎﻟﺴﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ؟‬

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‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﭘﻴﻚ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ًﺍ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻥ ﭼﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟‬

‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‪1‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪1‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﭘﺎﻟﺴﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ 𝑃𝑃RV .‬ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻬﺎﻱ ‪1Ω‬ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺳﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷‌ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ 𝐶𝐶 ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ) 𝐶𝐶𝐼𝐼 ﻭ 𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑖( ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻠﻒ 𝐿𝐿 )ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ( ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺳﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ؟ ﭼﺮﺍ؟‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻲ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟‬
‫‪ .10‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ) ‪( 𝐼𝐼g‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬
‫‪ .11‬ﻳﻚ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ‪1Ω‬ﻃﻮﺭ ﺳﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﻮﺩ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺮﻳﺴﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .12‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺳﻠﻒ ‪1200‬ﺩﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ‪ 62 Ω‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻠﻒ‪ ،‬ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻠﻔﻲ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻟﺘﺎژ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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