BUILDING UTILITIES 2

Chapter 1: Electrical Systems

AR. PAULO CABATIT

CHAPTER OUTLINE

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
• Types of Cables
• Raceways
• Outlets & Receptacles
• Switch

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

TYPES OF CABLES
Armored Cable (AC)
Also known as BX cable.
Fabricated assembly of insulated conductors
enclosed in a flexible metal sheath.
Uses: Both exposed and concealed work.
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
Metal Clad Cable (MC)
Factory assembled cable of one or more
conductors each individually insulated and
enclosed in a metallic sheath of interlocking
tape of a smooth or corrugated tube.
Uses: For service feeders, branch circuits,
and indoor and outdoor work.
 Difference between Armored Cable(AC) & Metal Clad(MC)

Armored Cable (AC) Metal Clad Cable (MC)

•Wrapped in paper
• as a grounding wire (not insulated)
• Because the sheathing is on the ground,
you’ll have to use metal receptacle and
switch boxes
•Overall plastic wrap
• Requires bare or green grounding
conductor.
• Can be used in more locations than AC

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

TYPES OF CABLES
Mineral Insulated Cable (MI)
Factory assembly of one or more
conductors insulated with a highly
compressed refractory mineral insulation
enclosed in a liquid and gas-tight
continuous metal or copper sheath.
Uses: Dry, wet, or continuously moist
locations as service feeders or branch
circuits.
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
Non-metallic Sheath Cable (NM)
Factory assembly of two or more insulated
conductors having a moisture resistant,
flame retardant, and non-metallic material
outer sheath.
Uses: Specifically for one or two-family
dwellings not exceeding 3 storey-buildings.
Intended for protected locations (inside wall
cavities).
TYPES OF CABLES
Shielded Non-Metallic Sheathed
Cable (SNM)
A factory assembly of two or more insulated
conductors in an extruded core of moisture-
resistant and flame retardant material
covered within an overlapping spiral
metallic tape.
Uses: In hazardous locations and cable trays
and raceways.
Underground Feeder and Branch
Circuit Cable (UF)
Moisture resistant cable used for
underground connections including direct
burial in the ground as feeder or branch
circuit.

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

TYPES OF CABLES
Service Entrance Cable (SE/USE)
A single or multi-conductor assembly
provided with or without an overall covering.
Uses: For service wire.
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
Power & Control Tray Cable (TC)
Factory assembled of two or more
insulated conductors with or without
associated bare or covered grounding
under a metallic sheath.
Uses: for installation in cable trays,
raceways, or where it is supported by a
messenger wire.
TYPES OF CABLES
Flat Cable Assemblies (FC)
An assembly of parallel conductors formed
integrally with an insulating material web
designed especially for field installation in
metal surface or raceways.
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
Flat Conductor Cable (FCC)
Consists of three or more flat conductors
placed edge to edge separated and
enclosed within an insulating assembly.
Used for general purposes such as
appliance branch circuits, and individual
branch circuits, especially in hard smooth
continuous floor surfaces.
TYPES OF CABLES
Medium Voltage Cable (MV)
A single or multi-conductor solid dielectric
cable rated at 2,000 volts or higher.
Designed to withstand harsh weather
conditions with protection against impact
& tearing.
Used for power supply & distribution
substations, transformers and generators.

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT


RACEWAYS
Purpose of Electrical
Conduits:
• To provide a means for the running
wires from one point or another.
• To physically protect the wires.
• To provide grounded enclosure.
• To protect the surroundings against the
effect of fault in the wiring.
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
Common type of raceways:
1. Conduit - a pipe where electrical
wires are running.
2. Connectors & other accessories
• To protect the wiring system from
damage by the building and occupants.
•To protect the building and occupants
from damage by the electrical system.
•To provide access for conductors in
terms of future system and maintenance
systems
TYPES OF CONDUITS
Rigid Metal Conduit (RMC) Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC)
A heavy-duty galvanized steel tubing that is thinner, lighter-weight version of rigid metal
installed with threaded fittings. conduit and is approved for use in all of the
Uses: For outdoors and can also double as same applications as RMC.
structural support for electrical cables, Uses: In new outdoor construction projects
panels, & other equipments.
Common sizes: 10- and 20-foot lengths and
has threads on both ends.

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

TYPES OF CONDUITS
Electrical Metal Conduit (EMT) Electrical Non-Metallic Tubing
also called a "thin-wall“ conduit because it is (ENT)
thin and lightweight, especially compared
A flexible corrugated plastic tubing that is
to RMC. EMT is rigid but can be bent with a
moisture-resistant and flame-retardant. It is
simple tool called a conduit bender.
easy to bend and installs with snap-lock or
Not threaded, couplings and fittings are
glued plastic fittings. locations, so it is
secured with setscrew or compression-type
commonly used inside walls.
fasteners.
Uses: Inside walls, cannot be installed in
Uses: Indoor wiring runs in residential and
exposed locations
light commercial construction.
Common sizes: ½, ¾, and 1 inch.

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

TYPES OF CONDUITS
Flexible Metal Conduit (FMC)
also called "Greenfield". It has a spiral
construction that makes it
flexible so it can snake through walls and
other structures.
Uses: For dry indoor locations, for short
runs between wall box and an appliance
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
Liquid-Tight Flexible Metal Conduit
(LFMC)
A special type of flexible metal conduit that has
a plastic coating and is used with sealed fittings
to make it watertight.
Uses: Outdoor equipments, such as air
conditioner units
TYPES OF CONDUITS
Rigid PVC Conduit (PVC)
Similar to plastic plumbing pipe and is PVC Flexible Electrical Conduit
installed with plastic fittings that are glued
Commonly used and complies with
in place. Because the conduit tubing and
Philippine Standards.
fittings are glued together, the conduit
More break-resistant & fire resistant
assemblies can be watertight.
Uses: In corrosive environments

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

 DEFINITION OF
TERMS FOR CABLES
& CONDUITS
Feeder
Any of the conductors extending from the
service equipment to the various
distribution points of the building.
Service wire drop
An overhead power connection from the
utility lines to the service entrance.
Coupling
A short length of pipe, with a socket at one
or both ends that allows two pipes to be
joined.
Conduit bender
A long lever that is designed to bend angles
in a conduit.
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
 An outlet is a point in the wiring
OUTLETS & system at which the current is taken
to supply utilization equipment.
RECEPTACLES It is any point that supplies an electric
load.

Different kinds of outlet:

1. Convenience outlet
2. Lighting outlet
3. Receptacle outlet
Single-Gang
Convenience outlet
A device that by insertion into a receptacle
establishes a connection between the
conductor of the flexible cord and the
conductors connected permanently to the Two-Gang (Duplex)
receptacle.

3-Gang
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
 Outlet
Refers only to the box itself,
where current is taken to
supply an electrical device
Receptacle
Contact device installed in
the outlet.
Plug
A male fitting for making an
electrical connection to a
circuit.

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

OUTLETS & RECEPTACLES

Utility Box
A box that houses electrical sockets,
switches, or other fixtures.

Junction box
An enclosure for housing and protect1ng
electric wires or cables that are joined
together In connecting or branching electric
circuits.
Uses: Splicing & tapping conductors
Pull Box
A box with a blank cover that is inserted in
one or more runs or raceways to facilitate
pulling-in the conductors. It
may also serve to distribute the conductors.
Uses: pulling and terminating conductors

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

OUTLETS & RECEPTACLES
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
(GFCI)
is meant to quickly shut off an outlet’s
power when it detects a short circuit or
ground fault.
Uses: Wet areas, kitchens and bathrooms
BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT
Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter
(AFCI)
Protects from arcs, which is when the
electricity jumps from one wire to another.
Uses: Near circuit breaker boxes
OUTLETS & RECEPTACLES
20A Outlets
Outlets that can support 25% more load
compared to most other outlets.
Uses: Power hungry devices (kitchen &
laundry areas, etc.)
Switched outlets
A receptacle that includes one outlet, and a
switch that turns it on and off.
Uses: For switched extension cords.

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

OUTLETS & RECEPTACLES
USB Outlets & Smart outlets

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

 Switch is an electronic device is used
to interrupt the flow of electricity or
SWITCHES electric current. Electrical switches are
binary devices, they can be either
completely OFF or completely ON.

Single-Pole Switch
Simplest type of switch, which two terminals
(Hot & Neutral) and Ground connection.
Uses: Controls light/receptacle in a single
location

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

SINGLE-POLE LIGHT SWITCH
TYPES OF SWITCHES
Three-way Switch
Pairs of switches that allow you to control a
light or receptacle from two different
locations.
Has one common terminal, two traveler
terminals, and a ground connection.
Uses: Staircases, garages, hallways

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

THREE-WAY LIGHT SWITCH
TYPES OF SWITCHES
Double-Pole Switch Four-Way Switch
Like single-pole switch, it can control a Used between two three-way switches to
fixture from one location, but it has four hot provide control for an outlet or light fixture
brass terminals (instead of two), and a from three or more different locations.
ground terminal. This allows you to connect Uses: Very large rooms & long hallways
it to two pairs of hot wires from a 240V
circuit.
Double-pole switches are commonly rated
for 30 amps.
Uses: Industrial applications, higher-demand
appliances, motors, and machinery.

BUILDING UTILITIES 2 | AR. PAULO CABATIT

FOUR-WAY LIGHT SWITCH