RAFFLES INSTITUTION

Mathematics JIP
2022 Year 5
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Trigonometry Quiz

Comments: The students who attempted the quiz scored around 70% on average. Quite a large
number of students did not answer Question 6 and 9 correctly. They are advised to revisit the periodic
properties of trigonometric functions (their periods, special angles, asymptotes etc) as well as the
concept of ASTC.

Question 1
A public building has a large clock set on an exterior wall. The distance from the centre of
the clock O, to the tip M, of the minute hand is 80 cm. The distance of M to the vertical line
through O is given by d cm.

For how long in each hour is d ≥ 40 ? __________ minutes

Answer: 40
Solution:

If d = 40 , d
1 π π
then sin θ = ⇒θ = . Hence, for 0 ≤ θ ≤ , d ≤ 40 .
2 6 6
80
π 
2π − 4  
=  6=
 × 60 40
Number of minutes
2π

Question 2
A line with gradient 3 is inclined at an angle of __________ degrees with the
positive x-axis.
Answer: 60
Solution:
y
Gradient = tan θ = 3 ⇒ θ = 60°

O 1 x
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JIP: Trigonometry Quiz
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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 3
Select all statement(s) which are true.
• cot x = tan −1 x
cos x
• cot x =
sin x
1
• cot x = tan
x
1
• cot x =
tan x
• cot x = 1 + tan 2 x
2

cos x 1
Answer: cot x = , cot x =
sin x tan x
Solution:
Consider the graphs

1
y = tan
x

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JIP: Trigonometry Quiz
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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 4
For any angle a, b, in radians,
a < b ⇒ sin a < sin b .
True or False?
Answer: False
Solution:
The statement a < b ⇒ f ( a ) < f (b) is only true for increasing functions.
y
sin a
sin b

O a b x

Question 5

x
The figure shows part of the graph of y= a − cos . The values of
b
a = _______ and b = ________.

Answer: a = 2, b = 6
Solution: For y = cos θ ,
Since Period = 2π
−1 ≤ cos θ ≤ 1 From the graph, Period = 12π
⇒ − 1 ≤ − cos θ ≤ 1 , This means that there is scaling by a
⇒ − 1 + a ≤ a − cos θ ≤ 1 + a factor of 6 parallel to the x-axis.
x x
x x → ⇒x →
From the graph, 1 ≤ a − cos ≤ 3 b 6
b
Thus, b = 6 .
Thus
−1 + a =1
∴a = 2
Similarly,
1+ a = 3
a = 2.

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JIP: Trigonometry Quiz
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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 6
3
For 0 < x < π , the range of values of x (in radians) such that tan x < −1 is
2
pπ < x < qπ , where p = _____ and q = ______.
1 1
Answer: p = ,q=
3 2
Solution:

From the graph, we observe that

3
tan x < −1 for the range of x between
2
π
the vertical asymptote at x = and
3
where the two graphs intersect.

3 π π
For the asymptote: x= ⇒ x=
2 2 3
For the intersection of the two graphs:
3 π 3 3π π
tan x=−1 ⇒ Basic angle α = ⇒ x= ⇒x=
2 4 2 4 2
π π 1 1
∴ range of values of x : <x< and so p = and q = .
3 2 3 2

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 7
It is given that the smallest positive value of x satisfying 3sin 2 x = tan x is
x = θ radians. Select all the other solutions of the equation 3sin 2 x = tan x
for 0 < x < 2π .
π
• −θ
2
π
• +θ
2
• π −θ
• π
• π +θ
3π
• −θ
2
3π
• +θ
2
• 2π − θ

Answer: π − θ , π , π + θ , 2π − θ
Solution:
Graphically,

Alternatively, by solving
sin x
3sin 2 x =
tan x ⇒ 3 ( 2sin x cos x ) =
cos x
⇒ 6sin x cos 2 x = sin x
⇒ 6sin x cos 2 x − sin x = 0
⇒ sin x ( 6 cos x − 1) =
2
0
sin x = 0
or
x = 0, π , 2π
1 1
6 cos 2 x − 1 =0 ⇒ cos 2 x = ⇒ cos x =±
6 6
Basic angle, α = θ ⇒ x=θ , π − θ , π +θ , 2π − θ

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 8
3
( sin x + a )
2
) sin x − cos 2 x + =
Given that f ( x= 2 , the value of the constant
+
4
a = _______ and the least value of f ( x) as x varies = ________.
1 3
Answer: a = , Least value of f ( x) =
2 4
Solution:
f ( x) =sin x − cos 2 x + 2
= sin x − (1 − sin 2 x ) + 2
= sin 2 x + sin x + 1
2
 1 3
=  sin x +  +
 2 4
1 3
∴ a = and least value of f ( x) = .
2 4

Question 9
Given that 3 tan 2 4 x = 1 − 4sec 4 x , the largest value of x, for 0 < x < π , is pπ radians,
where p = ______.
5
Answer: p =
6
Solution:
3 tan 2 4 x = 1 − 4sec 4 x
3(sec 2 4 x − 1) =1 − 4sec 4 x
3sec 2 4 x + 4sec 4 x − 4 =0
(sec 4 x + 2)(3sec 4 x − 2) =0
1 3
cos 4 x =− or cos 4 x = (NA  −1 ≤ cos 4 x ≤ 1)
2 2
2π 4π 8π 10π
4x = , , ,
3 3 3 3
π π 2π 5π
x= , , ,
6 3 3 6

5π
Thus, the largest value of x, for 0 < x < π , is .
6
5
So, p = .
6

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JIP: Trigonometry Quiz
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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 10
1
Given that tan A = and sin( A + =
B ) 2 cos( A − B ) , the exact values of
3
sin 2A = _____ and tan B = _____.

3
Answer: sin 2 A = , tan B = 5
5
Solution:
1 1 3
tan A =⇒ sin A = , cos A =
3 10 10

sin 2 A = 2sin A cos A

 1  3 
= 2  
 10  10 
3
=
5

sin( A + =
B) 2 cos( A − B)
sin A cos B + cos A sin B = 2 cos A cos B + 2sin A sin B
tan A + tan B = 2 + 2 tan A tan B
1 2
+ tan B = 2 + tan B
3 3
tan B = 5

Question 11
Given that 4 cos 2 x − 2sin 2 x = a cos 2 x + b , the values of a = _____ and
b = ______.
Answer: a = 3, b = 1
Solution:
4 cos 2 x − 2sin
= 2
x 2(cos 2 x + 1) + cos 2 x − 1
= 3cos 2 x + 1
= a cos 2 x + b
a 3, =
∴= b 1.

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 12
Given that cos θ = p , where θ is an acute angle measured in radians, match the expressions
(i) – (vi) to one of the expressions (a) – (h). You may select the same expression (a) – (h)
more than once.

1 p
(a) p (b) –p (c) (d) (e) 1 – p
p 2
1− p 1+ p
(f) 1 − p 2 (g) (h)
2 2

(i) cos ( −θ ) =

π 
(ii) cos  − θ  =
2 
(iii) cos (π − θ ) =

(iv) cos ( 2π + θ ) =

(v) sec θ =
θ
(vi) cos =
2

Answer:
(i) (a), (ii) (f), (iii) (b), (iv) (a), (v) (c), (vi) (h)
Solution:
(i) cos ( −θ= ) cos θ= p (a)
π 
(ii) cos  − θ  = sin θ = 1 − p 2 (f)
2 
(iii) cos (π − θ ) =
− cos θ =
−p (b)
(iv) cos ( 2π + θ =
) cos θ= p (a)
1 1
(v) sec
= θ = (c)
cos θ p
θ 1 + cos θ 1+ p
cos
(vi) = = (h)
2 2 2

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 13
( )
Given that 3sin 2 x + 4 cos 2 x = a cos 2 x − tan −1 b , the values of

a = ______ and b = _______.

3
Answer: a = 5, b =
4
Solution:
3sin 2 x + 4 cos 2 x = 4 cos 2 x + 3sin 2 x
  3 
42 + 32 cos  2 x − tan −1    by R-formula
=
  4 
  3 
= 5cos  2 x − tan −1   
  4 
3
a 5, =
∴= b .
4

Question 14
1
Given that sin x + cos x = , the smallest positive value of x is pπ radians, where
2
p = ______.

7
Answer: p =
12
Solution:
1
sin x + cos x =
2
 π 1
2 sin  x +  = by R-formula
 4 2
 π 1
sin  x +  =
 4 2
π π 5π
x + =, ,...
4 6 6
π 7π
x= − , ,...
12 12
7π
∴ smallest positive value of x is .
12
7
So p =
12

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2022 Year 5
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Question 15
B

4 5

C
A
2π
In the triangle ABC (not drawn to scale), AB = 4, BC = 5, angle ABC = radians. Given
3
that the area of triangle ABC is p units2, and the length of AC is q units, the values
of p = _____ and q = ______.

Answer: p = 75, q = 61

Solution:
1 2π
Area of triangle ABC = (4)(5) sin
2 3
1  3
= (4)(5)  
2  2 
= 75 units 2
∴p=75

2π
Length AC = 42 + 52 − 2(4)(5) cos
3
 1
= 42 + 52 − 2(4)(5)  − 
 2
= 61 units
∴q =61

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