SITXWHS003 – Implement and monitor work health and safety practices

Worksheets

SECTION 1: PROVIDE INFORMATION ON HEALTH, SAFETY AND SECURITY

Q1: List five examples of the type of health, safety and security information that you must provide to
staff in your workplace.
1. Safety and security policies and procedures
2. Legal obligations and the ramifications of failure to comply
3. Roles and responsibilities of employers and employees in WHS management
practices
4. Consultative arrangements for WHS
5. Useofhazardidentificationreportingdocumentsandriskassessmenttemplates

Q2: List four things an employer must do in regards to their duty of care.
In regard to their duty of care, an employer must do the following (as far as is
practicable).

 Provide and maintain a safe and healthy work in environment.

 Provide and maintain safe plant and work systems.
 Ensure that the use, handling and storage and transport of plant and substances
are safe and without risk to health.
.

Q3: What are the employee’s duties and obligations as defined by law?
Employeedutiesandobligations
Following safety directions is one of an employee’s basic duties and obligations
underOHSandWHS legislation.

Thisiswhat employeesmustdo.

You must comply, so far as you are reasonably able,with any reasonable
instructiongiven by the person conducting a business or undertaking so as to
comply with OHS andWHSActsand Regulations.

Whatdoesthismean?
Allemployeesmustfollowsafetydirectionsfromsupervisorsandmanagersifit’s‘reasona
blypracticable’ to do so.

This means, if an employee is not following a safe work practice correctly, or is

notfollowing them at all, they must obey a supervisor or manager’s request to
comply with theorganisation’s healthandsafetypoliciesandprocedures.

Ifan employee does notcomply with a safety direction,and an accidentoccurs,

theycouldbefoundtobenegligentandheldliableintheeventoflegalproceedings.

Q4: List three potential consequences of not following WHS policies and procedures.

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 There can be consequences for you, your manager, employer and company if
WHSpolicies andproceduresarenotimplementedandfollowedbyeveryone.

You (theworker)
If you don’t follow your workplace’s health and safety procedures, you increase the
risk ofinjuryand illness toyourselfandtoothersaroundyou.

You can also be personally fined, prosecuted and even sent to jail if you’re
negligent infollowing your workplace’s health and safety polices appropriately
when you know whatyoushould be doing.

Others
Others in the business can also be fined, prosecuted and imprisoned for not
complyingwith health and safety legislation and regulations. This includes the
person conducting abusiness undertaking or employer, team leaders, supervisors,
self-employed persons,individualbusiness owners
andofficersinacorporationorassociation.

Thebusiness
The business, corporation or unincorporated association can also be penalised with
heavymonetaryfines.Inaddition,itcansufferfinanciallyfromlossofreputation,lossofbu
sinessandtheimpactofaworkplaceaccidentonproductionandtheirworkers.

Q5: List four ways you can make current work health and safety information readily accessible to staff.
1.IncludeWHSaspartof yourestablishment’sinductionprocedures.
2.EncourageparticipationinWHSconsultativepractices.
3.Make health, safety and security inspections and hazard identification part
of routinehousekeepinginspections.
4.Discusssecurityandsafetyissues,includingtheuseoftheriskcontrolhierarchy,a
tregularstaff meetings.

SECTION 2: MONITOR SAFE WORK PRACTICES

Q1: What three things must you monitor when checking for staff compliance with WHS matters?

Whenmonitoringstaff lookforthefollowing.

1. CompliancewithorganisationalWHSpoliciesandprocedures
2. AdherencetoWHSsignage
3. Safework practices

Q2: List four WHS policies or procedures commonly used by organisations to manage work health,
safety and security.
WHSconsultationpoliciesandprocedures
Emergencyandevacuationprocedures
Handling,transportationandstorageofchemicalsandhazardoussubstances
Incidentandaccidentreporting

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Q3: List three safe work practices that might apply to a tour desk attendant.
i. Keepcashandcashregisterssecureatalltimes.
ii. Makesureworkstationsandfurniturearedesignedergonomically(glossary)an
dfreeofhazards.
iii. Usesafepostureandmovementswhensitting,standingandbending.

Q4: List four questions you can ask to help you monitor compliance with safe work practices.

 Arestaffusingappropriatepersonalprotectiveclothingandequipmentforthetaskbeing
performed?
 Arestaffusingsafeposturewhensitting,standingandbendingandusingsafemanualhan
dling techniques?
 Dostaffutiliseequipment designedtoassistwithorreplacemanualhandling?

Q5: What should you do when you identify an issue of non-compliance with work health and safety
procedures and safe work practices?
When this occurs, it’s essential you take promptand appropriate action to address the situation
and minimise the risk of an accidentoccurring.
Manager 1
‘Unfortunately my staff only complete incident reports when an accident occurs. I
recentlyheld a staff meeting to discuss the issue. Staff informed me that the form is
too detailedand time-consuming to complete for situations when an accident has not
even occurred.Weare currentlylooking atsimplifying theprocess.’

Manager 2
‘At the end of the shift, staff often take shortcuts, ignore warning signs and expose
theirskin to harsh cleaning chemicals. I discussed the matter with my staff and
decided that thebest course of action would be to store the gloves alongside the
cleaning chemicals. Thisseems to work as a second reminder to wear the gloves and
makes the task of obtainingthemquickandeasywhen in a hurry.’

Manager 3
‘I recently observed an employee storing stock in the cool-room. He was bending
andliftinginallsortsofstrainedanduncomfortablepositions.Afterspeakingtotheemploy
ee,I was surprised that he had never been trained in manual handling techniques. I
havegiven him some useful brochures to read over and scheduled a training session
with oneofthe senioremployees atourworkplace.’

Q6: Why is it important to maintain close contact with day-to-day operations?

Monitoring work practices is not a one-off event, it’s something that needs to occur
on adaily basis. Don’t sit in your office and expect health and safety issues to be
brought toyour attention. Interact with staff as they perform their duties and
maintain close contactwithday-to-dayoperations.

Whenobservingstaff,questionwhetherornotexistingpracticesareeffectiveinmaintainin
ghealth,safetyandsecurity.Doyouneedtoreviewexistingprocedures,provideadditional
training orpurchasenewequipment?

Maintainingclosecontactwithstaffanddailyoperationshelpsyouaddressthesequestions

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 andensuresyouidentifyissuesofnon-
complianceorineffectivenessofprocedures,beforeanincidentoraccident occurs.

SECTION 3: COORDINATE CONSULTATIVE ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH, SAFETY AND SECURITY ISSUES

Q1: Why is it important to consult with staff about health, safety and security issues?

As a supervisor, your responsibility extends beyond instructing team members what

theyshould and should not do in the workplace. You have an obligation to ensure
that they areregularlyconsultedaboutsafety andsecurity-
relatedissues.Thismeansgivingstaffaccesstoestablishmentpoliciesandproceduresand
ensuringtheyunderstandtheinformationcontained within them.

Complacency and accidents in the workplace are often caused because employees
don’tunderstand the reasoningbehind theworkpracticesrequiredofthem.You
canonlyexpect your team to consult with you about safety and security issues they
identify if youprovidethemeansandopportunityforthemtodoso.
As a leader, you can motivate staff to commit to health, safety and security by
involvingthemin decision-making,problem-solvingandgoal-setting.

Consultation with employees is essential to ensure they understand what’s required

ofthem, and are committed to achievingoptimum health, safety and security goals
set bytheorganisation.

Q2: List five ways you can consult with staff and provide them the opportunity to contribute their views
on current and future work health and safety management practices.

⦿ WHSdiscussionswithemployeesduringthecourseof eachday
⦿ Adiary, whiteboardorsuggestionboxusedbystafftoreportissuesofconcern
⦿ RegularstaffmeetingsthatinvolveWHSdiscussions
⦿ SpecialstaffmeetingsorworkshopstospecificallyaddressWHSissues
⦿ Fact sheetstoinformpersonnelaboutWHSrightsandresponsibilities
⦿ Formalmeetingswithagendas,minutesandactionplans
⦿ Informalmeetingswithnotes
⦿ FormalWHSrepresentativesandcommittees
⦿ Involvementof staffinwriting partsofWHSpoliciesandprocedures
⦿ Recordingissuesinamanagementdiary
⦿

Seekingstaffsuggestionsforcontentofworkhealthandsafetypoliciesandp
rocedures
⦿ Staffhandbookwhichincludesworkhealthandsafetyinformation
⦿ Surveysor questionnairesthat invitestafffeedbackonWHSissues

Q3: List five situations when you are legally required to take a systematic approach to WHS
consultation.

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 ⦿ Beforethepremises areusedforthefirsttime
⦿ Beforeandduringtheinstallationoralterationofanyplant
⦿ Whenmakinginitialandongoing decisionsonhowbest toconsultwithpersonnel
⦿ Whenproposingtomakechangestothepremises,equipmentmaterialsandsystems
ofwork
⦿ Whenconductingorreviewinghazardidentificationandriskassessments
⦿ Whenmaking decisionsaboutactionstoeliminateorcontrolrisks
⦿ Whenintroducing oralteringproceduresformonitoringworkplacerisks
⦿ Whenintroducing oralteringfacilitiesforthewelfareofpersonnel
⦿ Whenanynewinformationrelatingtohealthandsafetyrisksbecomesavailable

Q4: List three roles and responsibilities of an HSC?

 Developsandre-evaluatespolicies,proceduresandworkpractices.
 Ensuresthatthesepractices areputinplace.
 Advisesonhealthandsafetytrainingintheworkplace.
 Ensuresemployeesareinformedaboutrules,standardsandworkpractices.Monitorsto
seethat thesearecarried out.
 Investigatesthecircumstancesofwork-relatedaccidents,injuriesandnearmisses.
 Carefullyexaminesanyworkhealthandsafetyissuesintheworkplaceandmakesreco
mmendationsforcorrective action.

Q5: What is the primary role of an HSR?

The HSR acts as the employer’s representative when health and safety issues arise
orwhen safety information needs to be communicated to staff. HSRs are chosen
from
eachdepartmentwithintheenterprisetoensureanobjectiverepresentationofthewholeent
erprise.Thisroleisgenerallyadditionaltotheirmainroleintheorganisation.

Q6: What should you do when a health, safety or security issue is brought to your attention?

When a health, safety or security issue is brought to your attention, investigate

andrespondpromptly.

Depending on the establishment’s policy, your level of authority and the situation, you
maybeabletoresolvetheproblemyourself.Oryoumayneedtorefertheissuetoadesignated
person or the health and safety committee. In the latter case, ensure that
thematterisdocumentedandfollowed through promptly

SECTION 4: IMPLEMENT AND MONITOR PROCEDURES FOR IDENTIFYING

HAZARDS, AND ASSESSING AND CONTROLLING RISKS

Q1: What are the four steps to risk management?

Step 1: Identify hazards

Step 2: Assess risks

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Step3: Controlrisks

Step4:Reviewcontrolmeasures

Q2: List four situations when you should coordinate scheduled hazard identification activities.
 When starting a new business or purchasing a business
 When changing work practices, procedures or the work environment
 When purchasing new or used equipment or using new substances
 When planning to improve productivity or reduce costs

Q3: What is a hazard?

A hazard is any situation or thing that has the potential to harm a person.

Q4: List three hazards that relate to work practices.

 Lengthoftimespentatcertaintasksandallocationof breaks
 Rosteringandshiftallocation
 Openingandclosingprocedures
 Standardoperatingproceduresforwork-relatedtasks
 Performingmanualtasksthatrequireapersonto
lift,lower,push,pull,carryorrestrainanyobject,animalorperson

Q5: List three security hazards.

Securityissues
 Storageofcash,documentsandkeys
 Theftandrobbery
 Customerbehaviour,suchasaggressive,drunk,disorderlyanddisturbedcustomers

Q6: List three psychosocial hazards.

Psychosocialhazardsarethosewhichaffectthementalhealthandpersonalwell-being.

 Bullyingandharassment
 Customeraggression
 Shift work,fatigue
 Working alone
 Work-relatedmentalstress
 Poorleadership,lack ofmotivation,poorjobdesign,noproceduresorsystemsinplace

Q7: What should you do whenever a hazard is brought to your attention by another worker?

very establishment has different methods for reporting hazards. Some take a
formalapproach and require a written report to be submitted. Others accept a verbal
report orwrittennotesinalogbook,suggestion boxorona safetynoticeboard.

Whichever system is used in your workplace, take prompt action. Never ignore any issuethat is
brought to your attention. A risk assessment will help you decide what action totake

Wheneverahazardisbroughttoyourattentionyoumust conductariskassessment. Thishelps

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 youidentifywhichhazards posethegreatestrisk tohealthandsafety.

Q8: What is a risk assessment? (Briefly Explain)

Risk assessmentistheprocessusedtodetermine:

 theseverityof arisk(potentialtocauseinjuryorillness)
 theeffectivenessofexisting controlmeasures
 actionyoushouldtaketocontroltherisk
 theurgencytotakeaction.

Q9: The code of practice for managing WHS risks recommends you undertake a risk assessment in
certain situations. List two of these situations.
 Whenthereisuncertaintyabout howahazardmayresult ininjuryorillness.
 Whenthetaskinvolvesanumberofdifferenthazardsandyou’renotsurehowthehazard
s impact on eachothertoproduceneworgreaterrisks.
 Whenchangesoccurintheworkplacethatmayimpactontheeffectivenessofcontrolme
asures.

Q10: Why is it important to involve others when coordinating and participating in risk assessments?

It’s important that every risk assessment is thorough and complete. It’s easy to
overlookhazards or underestimate the severity of risks, especially in an
environment you areunfamiliarwith.

Consulting with other personnel is worthwhile as they may be aware of potential

dangersyou haven’t considered or processes you’re unaware of. This is particularly
the case if youare new to the workplace or if others are likely to have more industry
or workplaceexperience.
The right personnel can work with you to assess risks and plan appropriate short-
term andlong-term solutionstoeliminateorminimisethelikelihoodof anincident
occurring.

Q11: What is risk control? (Briefly Explain)

Risk controls are the steps you plan to take to eliminate or minimise the risk. You
mayrecallthehierarchy ofcontrol frompreviousWHSunits. We
willdiscussriskcontroloptions inmoredetail shortly.
Riskcontrolistheprocessusedtoidentify allpracticalmeasures foreliminatingorreducing the likelihood
of injury, illness or disease in the workplace. It also
involvesimplementingthemeasuresandcontinuallyreviewingthemtoensuretheireffectiveness.

Q12: What is the hierarchy of risk control from most to least effective? (6 steps)

Hierarchyof riskcontrolfrommosttoleast effective

Eliminate
Eliminatethehazard:repairordisposeoftheitemcausingthehazard.

Substitute

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 Substitutethehazardwithsomethingthatposeslessrisk.Forexample,replacecleaningchemicals
with non-toxicbrands.

Isolate
Isolatethehazardfrompeople. Forexample,putbarriersaroundspills.

Engineering
Changeordesignthelayouttomakeitsaferforpeople.Forexample,usetrolleystomovehea
vyobjectsandfit safetyguardstohazardousequipment.

Administrative
Changethewaythejobisdone,forexample,training,equipmentmaintenanceprocedures,
jobrotation,etc.

PPE
Use personal protective clothing or equipment, such as eye or hearing protection,
gloves,aprons orhard hats.

Q13: Who should take action to implement risk control methods?

Whetherornotyoucanimplementthecontrolmeasuresdependsonyourlevelofauthority
and experience. It may be necessary to delegate the responsibility to a higherlevel
staff member, someone more experienced than you, or alternatively, to an
externalconsultantorservice provider.

For example, you may identify action that is required by another department or
needsapproval from upper management or the finance department. In such cases,
refer thematter to the appropriate person so that prompt action can be taken to deal
with the riskyouidentified.

Always refer to your establishment’s procedure and seek advice before taking any
actionyou’reunsure about.

Q14: List two reasons why it’s important to monitor and review the effectiveness of control measures.

Controlmeasuresmustbereviewedtoensuretheir effectiveness.

Clickontheicontofindout why.

Youneedtodetermineifexistingcontrolsareactuallyworkingtopreventinjuriesan
dminimiserisk.
⦿ Overtime,staffmaybecomecomplacent, forgetrequiredsafety
procedures,orstarttakingshort cuts.
⦿ Equipmentmaybecomedamagedorfaultyandprotectiveclothingwornout.
⦿ Newproceduresmaybeintroducedorchangesmayoccurtosafetylegislation.

Q15: What should you do if you identify any inadequacies in control measures?

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 If you identify inadequacies that are the responsibility of another department within
yourestablishment,reportthemtotheappropriatepersonsothatpromptactioncanbetaken
toimprove existingcontrol measures.

SECTION 5: IMPLEMENT AND MONITOR HEALTH, SAFETY AND SECURITY

TRAINING

Q1: How can you identify WHS training needs for your team? (Explain 2 examples)

Staff need relevant training and supervision to perform a specific role or function.
It’simportant to identify staff knowledge and skill gaps so you can plan and
organise fortrainingthatisappropriatefortheirneeds.

For example, it would not be necessary to provide staff with hazardous goods
training ifthey’re never exposed to such materials.
On the other hand, if they have recently usedpoor manual handling techniques
when moving stock, it would be necessary to providemanualhandling training.

Q2: You are organising health and safety training for your kitchen staff as you have noticed an increase
in burn accidents. You have organised a one-day session at an external training provider
specialising in health and safety in a commercial kitchen. What arrangements do you need to make
to ensure the training happens? (Explain 3 arrangements)
Training for staff who are safety committee representatives or who have safety
responsibilities, for example, evacuation officers, wardens, staff designated
to provide first aid
Where a special licence is required to operate certain types of machinery, for
example, a fork lift
Where a certain qualification is required to perform a job role, for example, food
safety, responsible service of alcohol

Q3: The kitchen staffs have all attended the health and safety training in kitchen safety. How will you
monitor if the training was effective? (Give 2 examples)

When the training is complete, evaluate its effectiveness by observing staff perform
theirduties and obtaining feedback from them. This may reveal that further training
is requiredor you may simply update personnel records to reflect the new
qualification and trainingreceived.

Act within your level of authority to make adjustments to training programs or

plans whererequired.

Q4: You have noticed that the apprentice chef is still having some issues following the safety
procedures to prevent burns. What do you do to ensure he follows these procedures? (Give 2
examples)
To ensure that he follows these procedures, we can talk with the apprentice chef, find the issue why
it is hard for him to follow the procedures and if possible, train him in a way that he
understands the process.

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SECTION 6: IMPLEMENT AND MONITOR WHS RECORDS AND REPORTS

Q1: When completing WHS incident report or risk identification, what procedures do you need to
follow? (Give 2 examples)
Training action plans and WHS training records
Hazard identification records

Q2: What information can you refer to in order to provide reliable and timely management of workplace
health, safety and security issues? (List 3)
 The employee or customer’s name (and job role/position if an employee)
 Time and date of injury and exact location where injury or illness occurred
 How it happened

Q3: List three ways you can minimise waste when creating and maintaining WHS records and reports?
 Refuse to print paper-based material when possible. Submit reports, documents
andfileselectronicallyinstead.
(Thismaynotbepossibleincaseswheresigneddeclarations arerequired.)
 Useemailasyourprimaryformofcommunicationwithemployees.
 Set upreliableelectronicfilingsystemstoensurerecordsdon’tgetlostinthesystem.

Reduce
 Whenyoudoneedtoprint,onlyprintthepagesyouneed,nottheentiredocument.
 Shareprintoutsinmeetingsratherthandistributingpaper-basedcopiestoallattendees.
 Printsingle-
pagednoticesandflyersanddisplayinaprominentarearatherthanissuingacopytoever
yemployee.

Reuse
 Reusethereversesideofprinteddocumentsratherthandisposingoftheminthewaste.

Recycle
 Providerecyclebinsforpaper waste.
 Recycletonercartridgesusedforprintingdocuments.
 Buyrecycledpaperfortheofficeandrecycledtoner cartridges.
 Provideashredder forconfidentialdocuments
andensurethepaperwasteisdisposedinyourrecyclingbin.
Recover
 The paper and toner cartridges you recycle are taken to a Material Recovery
Facility(MRFor‘murf’).Heretheyaresorted,baledandtransportedtoreprocessingort
reatmentfactoriesandmade intonewproducts.

Responsibledisposal
 Printing documents and throwing waste away is the least preferred option. In
nearly allcases, you can recycle paper waste. The exception to this is if the paper
has beencontaminatedwith bacteriaorchemicalsinsomeway.

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