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Question: If the UAE Integrates a Broader Scope of Artificial Intelligence Facial Detection, Then

It Will Collectively Work More Efficient as A Government

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Introduction

In machine learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an extensive subfield of computer

science whose concern is creating intelligent machines with the capacity of performing

responsibilities that necessitate some similarity to human intelligence. It is an interdisciplinary,

comprehensive discipline, but growth in machine and deep learning has fetched it into nearly

every facet of the computer industry. Residents of the United Arab Emirates can now receive

remote access to various government services using facial Recognition. To that aim, the UAE

has launched a registration system that allows people to link their faces to their digital ID, the

UAE Pass. 

To apply AI in facial Recognition, one is supposed to set off a categorized feature first. In

other words, you're launching with pictures that already possess hand-matched matchings to the

people in them. A physical connection between a person's face and the entirety of their

individuality is compulsory at first. After that, it grows increasingly easier to recognize faces in

photographs of individuals "in the wild" — in other words, less-clear pictures are compared to

that set of data.

Face Recognition; This step's main task is to collect the faces of those willing to appear

in front of the cameras. Patches containing each face in the source images are the outputs of this

stage. To create an ideal and preferred facial recognition system. To justify the sizes and

direction of these patches, face matching is conducted. Additional human face patches are pulled

out next following the facial recognition process. Face recognition is a technology for confirming

or identifying an individual's identification through their face. Following the portrayal of faces,

the next step is to recognize them. In this contrast, the identified face image is compared to the

images in our database based on face compression algorithms. Employing biometrics, a face
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recognition system analyzes facial emotions from a video or image. It examines the information

in a database to locate known faces matches. Facial Recognition is employed in commercial

uses for several different purposes ranging from surveillance to advertising.

Benefits Of Facial Recognition

Facial Recognition is a biometric technique that detects and saves a person's facial

characteristics as a facial print. To authenticate one's identified face, the software analyzes a

real image to a saved face print utilizing deep learning methods. machine learning and image

processing are the underpinnings of this technology (Angadi & Hatture, 2019). Facial

recognition has piqued researchers' attention due to the people's behaviors observed in a variety

of security purposes, such as checkpoints, crime surveillance, face monitoring, analytics, and

among others. Face biometrics are less invasive than fingerprint, palm print, iris, and among

other biometric features.

Facial detection can be collected without the user's awareness and utilized for security

purposes such as face monitoring, criminal detection, forensic surveillance systems, and airport

security. Face recognition entails gathering photos of people's faces from video or surveillance

cameras. They are compared to the database that has been saved. Face recognition involves

training available images, classifying them into known categories, and storing them in a

database. When the system receives a test image, it is categorized and matched to the database.

How Facial Recognition Will Help in Improving the Government's Efficiency

Security

Continuous developments in the world of technology have led to many innovative

solutions like facial Recognition to protect different sectors in the world. Lately, many reports

indicate the rise in biometric frauds, and the UAE is no exception here. The digital revolution in
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the region has opened gates for domestic growth, but the rate of criminal activities is expected to

increase (Karunarathne et al., 2019). Although the rate of biometric fraud was comparatively

lower in UAE last year, predictions for 2021 are not very satisfying. New scams are expected to

emerge, and dodging facial Recognition is the unknown motive for cybercriminals. Continuous

developments in the world of technology have led to many innovative solutions like facial

Recognition to protect different sectors in the world.

Lately, many reports indicate the rise in biometric frauds, and the UAE is no exception

here. The digital revolution in the region has opened gates for domestic growth, but the rate of

criminal activities is expected to increase. Although the rate of biometric fraud was

comparatively lower in UAE last year, predictions for 2021 are not very satisfying. New scams

are expected to emerge, and dodging facial Recognition is the unknown motive for

cybercriminals. The use of AI-driven facial recognition in various sectors increases the private

and government division (Hsieh & Lai, 2015). Not all, but many areas in UAE will soon be

implementing facial verification systems for protecting people.

At Dubai International Airport in the United Arab Emirates, a biometric technology

based on Facial Recognition is in operation. Thousands of CCTV cameras monitor public

transportation, traffic, and several tourist locations, and Dubai Police have technologically

monitored criminals in the metropolis by submitting their arrest records to a database. Other

emirates have also adopted the technology, and the incidence of vulnerability has decreased

faster.

Facial Recognition can enhance forensic investigations by detecting individuals automatically in

surveillance material or other media. Face recognition software could also be employed to

recognize deceased or unconscious people at the crime scene.

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Easy To Access the Government Official Services

Once registered, citizens can use their faces to verify their identities in online

interactions. They will no longer need to make a trip to a physical service center to take

advantage of select government programs. In that regard, more than 130 government

organizations and private entities already offer support for the UAE Pass IDs. The UAE Pass

national digital ID program operates under the UAE's Federal Authority for Identity and

Citizenship direction. It runs in collaboration with several different technology and service

stakeholders (Hsieh & Lai, 2015). Facial Recognition will make it easy for the UAE

governments to offer these services more efficiently and quickly.

Here's how the technology of facial Recognition will be employed in government

departments' customer delight facilities: A face recognition system will be used by station staff.

The technology will compare your face picture to your Emirates ID. Once you've been matched,

one will be given a One Time Password (OTP) that will be needed to give to the employees.

After that, they will input the OTP (Karunarathne et al., 2019). After entering the OTP, the

electronic verification service will provide the residency data and the relatives and dependency

tree, which will show relatives under the financial backing and other identification and

citizenship-related details.

The same face recognition system will be used on self-service devices and smart

applications, allowing users to check in or set up an account on any governmental mobile

application using face detection. It will simplify government operations, even more, permitting

candidates to apply for various services without having to appear at the customer satisfaction

center. The 'ICA UAE' mobile application, for instance, is accessible for both Android and Apple

devices and allows candidates to apply for residence, citizenship services, and Emirates ID.
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Criminal identification

Facial Recognition for Criminal Identification is a face detection and identification

technology. A security specialist feeds in a picture of the individual in question into the scheme,

then preprocessed to eradicate undesired features like pollution. Subsequently, the algorithm will

categorize the image as per the indicators such as the gap size from one eye to the other, the

width of the cheekbones, and so on. Next, the program will conduct a computer search to

identify the suitable compare and offer the outcomes. This project aims at imposing the criminal

identification system active. The application of hidden thumbprints, which are often impossible

to get from the crime scene, can present a problem to the existing process of thumbprint

recognition, which is straightforward and easy to perform (Karunarathne et al., 2019). Criminals

have gotten perceptive, and they are now more watchful about leaving a fingerprint on the act.

This system comprised of an image database and an image analysis algorithm for

corresponding the face input with the catalogue's images. The identification and tracking

mechanisms are critical to the system's success. Facial Recognition is one of the most critical

processes in face detection technology, and there are four kinds of strategies: feature consistent,

knowledge-based, appearance-based, and template matching methods. Two processes are

required for identification: the process efficiency and the evaluation procedure (Udgaonkar,

2021). During the training process, the algorithm is given instances of the images to be learned.

A unique model for each image is created, whereas, during the assessment process, the structure

of a recently acquired test image is checked through all current models in the database. Then, a

near similar model is obtained to see if the identification is activated. In this phase, a quantitative

process is known as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is practical to a set of face photos to
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generate a set of elementary features known as eigenfaces. Any human face can be thought of as

a mix of these common features.

Eigenface is undoubtedly one of the oldest and most approved algorithms proposed. It

employs an information theory method to find the best complementing or potential facial

information contained in a series of faces to best distinguish them (Udgaonkar, 2021). It works

by gathering multiple photos from the repository and representing them as vectors. The

algorithm then finds the mean face vector or average and subtracts the average face from each

test face. It is important for identifying identifiable characteristics in each image, as well as

determining the covariance matrix and choosing the best matching photos. It converts the face

photos into a collection of basic faces, basically the face's main component. The primary

components indicate which directions are more appropriate for representing data and will aid in

the reduction of processing effort.

The authorities may breathe a sigh of relief with the facial recognition system. Its

database, which contains all available data about the criminals, makes it easier to apprehend

them (Lynch, 2020). It's a win if the scanner recognizes the face using the algorithms and

corresponds. Face recognition software can stop a crime before it happens.

Border Control and Airport Biometrics

Biometric technologies for facial detection at the border are an important application

area. Anybody who has the experience of traveling by plane knows that airport security and

border crossings are among the most problematic areas to pass through. Thankfully, Artificial

Intelligence is assisting in process automation. Passenger screening programs that are trusted,

computerized kiosks, and eGates, are working to ensure international travel smoother for
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passengers while increasing government agency efficiency and making borders more secure than

it has always been.

A fresh face and iris-recognition-based quick passport screening system have been

inaugurated at Dubai airports. The General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs in

Dubai (GDRFA-Dubai) has introduced a service that employs artificial intelligence (AI)

innovation to speed up immigration procedures (Lynch, 2020). To date, the latest biometric

technology has been installed at 122 intelligent gates in Dubai airports' departure and

arrival terminals, allowing travelers to finish passport control strategies. To use the service, you

must first pre-register. After receiving their boarding card and confirming pre-registration,

departing travelers can use the enhanced quick service at the exit terminal's intelligent doors

(General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs-Dubai. Gdrfad.gov.ae., 2022).

GDRFA-efforts Dubai's to develop novel digital solutions follow the administration's directions

to incorporate sophisticated technology into all federal programs to improve people's standard of

living.

Protect Law Enforcement

Current law enforcement relies heavily on face detection databases. Police agencies

regularly collect arrest records from persons convicted and match them to municipal, federal, and

state facial recognition databases. Law enforcement authorities can use these mugshot archives

to identify individuals in images taken from a wide range of sources, including closed-circuit

television and traffic cameras, social platforms, and pictures taken by police personnel

themselves.

Police officers can use their tablets, cellphones, or other mobile gadgets to take images of

pedestrians or drivers and match them to faces in facial recognition repositories. Law
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enforcement has also utilized face recognition during huge events like the Olympics, concerts,

and sporting events to identify people who may be suspected of being involved with offenses.

Numerous face detection systems are available to the federal authorities (Udgaonkar, 2021).

HOWEVER, the FBI's Next Generation Identification system is the database it uses the most.

There are over 30 million facial images in this collection.

Face recognition software on handsets, such as FaceFirst's, is already assisting police

officers by enhancing them to quickly recognize people in the ground from a respectable

distance. It can aid by providing context data about who they could be working with and whether

they should continue cautiously (Hsieh & Lai, 2015). For instance, if a police officer knocks over

a suspected killer during a regular traffic stop, the officer will proximately distinguish that the

suspect is dangerous and armed and call for reinforcement.

Find Missing Persons

Suppose a person is reported missing, whether a kid or an adult, it can take a long time

for them to be found. The government must begin the investigation process, which might take a

long time before the suspect is discovered, and it could be ineffective. Essential obstacles

jeopardize the UAE government's efforts to provide these services. Face recognition can track

abducted kids and human trafficking victims (Gent, 2018). As long as missing people are entered

into a system, law enforcement can be notified if they are identified by facial Recognition in a

public setting, such as a retail store, airport, or other general location.

Conclusion
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The government always aims to offer affordable services such as finding missing persons,

protecting law enforcement, border control, security, among others, to their people. UAE is not

an exception since the citizens expect the best from their government. Artificial Intelligence has

come to improve these services. If the government can invest more in this sector to overcome a

few challenges facing artificial intelligence, such as its inaccuracy in differentiating the gender,

accuracy especially when one is masked among others, then the services would be more efficient

and accurate. 
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References

Angadi, S., & Hatture, S. (2019). Face Recognition Through Symbolic Modeling of Face

Graphs and Texture. International Journal Of Pattern Recognition And Artificial

Intelligence, 33(12), 1956008. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419560081

General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs-Dubai. Gdrfad.gov.ae. (2022).

Retrieved 28 February 2022, from https://www.gdrfad.gov.ae/en.

Gent, E. (2018). Face recognition spots missing Indian children. New Scientist,

238(3176), 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(18)30773-5

Hsieh, C., & Lai, J. (2015). Face Mole Detection, Classification, and

Application. Journal Of Computers, 10(1), 12-23.

https://doi.org/10.17706/jcp.10.1.12-23

Karunarathne, B., Wickramaarachchi, W., & De Silva, K. (2019). Face Detection and

Recognition for Security System using Local Binary Patterns (LBP). Journal Of

ICT, Design, Engineering And Technological Science, 3(1).

https://doi.org/10.33150/jitdets-3.1.4

Lynch, J. (2020). Face-Off: Law Enforcement Use of Face Recognition Technology.

SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3909038

Udgaonkar, S. (2021). Criminal Identification Using Face Recognition. SSRN Electronic

Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3901729

 
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