MEE 035: Machine Design 1

Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

Lesson title: WOODRUFF KEY Materials:

Module, Paper, Pen, Calculator.
Lesson Objectives: References:
1. Design of Machine Elements,
1. The major objective is to learn to apply basic theories of 4e, by: Virgil Moring Faires
strength of materials and other pertinent theories to the 2. Design of Machine Members,
actual design of the most common machine elements; 4e
links, gears, shafts, springs, etc. especially as they are By: Daughtie and Vallance
affected by the variation in the loading. 3.Required: Problem Book on
2. To give the safe answer, hence by nature most machines, Design of Machine Elements 4e
the loads vary and the most important consideration is to by: Virgil Moring Faires
have minimum weight but in do not compromise the
durability, economy, and esthetics.

“Focus on one goal at a time” ( by Steve Pogue)

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
1) Introduction (2 mins)
The new machine is born because there is a real or imagined need for it. It evolves from someone
conception of a device with which to accomplish a particular purpose. Form the conception
follows a study of the arrangement of the parts, the location and length of links (which may
include a kinematics study of the linkage), the places of gears, bolts, springs, cams, and other
elements of machines.

2) WOODRUFF KEY
Fits into a semicylindrical seat in the shaft is widely used in the automotive and
machine tool industries. Since it goes deeper into the shaft, it has less tendency to tip when
the load is applied. Note that the construction is such that the construction is such that the
key must first be placed in its seat and the hub pressed on. Two grades of material are
readily available: and heat-treated alloy steel. For extra strength, two or more keys may be
used-usually in a tandem arrangement.

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 MEE 035: Machine Design 1
Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

3) Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1 (3 mins)

Before we start the topic answer the questions in column 2. Write your answers in the column 1. Leave
the third column blank (will be answered during Activity 4).

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

1. What are the different types
of keys?
2. Of all the types of key
mention above, what are the
keys probably used more
widely?

B.MAIN LESSON

WOODRUFF KEY

Size: A x B

Shearing of Key

𝑆𝑠 = 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠

𝐹
=
𝐴𝑠

As = shearing area
Refer to table 10.1 pp. 286
By Faires for the given
Size of key

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 MEE 035: Machine Design 1
Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

𝐹 (𝐷 ) 2𝑇
𝑇 = 𝐹𝑟 = 𝐹=
2 𝑑

2𝑇
𝑆𝑠 = 𝑑 = 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟,
𝑑𝐴𝑠 𝑆𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑘𝑒𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙

Compression between key and hub

𝐹 𝐴𝐵
𝑆𝑐 = , 𝐴𝑐 =
𝐴𝑐 2

Where:
𝐴
=2
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑘𝑒𝑦 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑢𝑏

𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 10.1 𝑝𝑝. 286, 𝑏𝑦 𝐹𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑠

𝐹𝑑 2𝑇
𝑇 = 𝐹𝑟 = 𝐹=
2 𝑑

2𝑇
𝑆𝑐 =
𝑑𝐴𝐵
2

𝑆𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑘𝑒𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ℎ𝑢𝑏

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 MEE 035: Machine Design 1
Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

4𝑇
𝑆𝑐 =
𝑑𝐴𝐵

Problem:
A gear is to transmit a 4 000 in-lb. of torque is to be keyed to a 1¼ in. shaft
diameter by a ¼ by 1¼ in. woodruff key. What is the factor of safety for both shear
and bearing? The key material is AISI C 1035, as rolled, the gear is made of cast
steel SAE 090.

Given:
d = 1¼ in.
A x B = ¼ in. x 1¼ in.
T = 4 000 in-lb.

Material:

Key – AISI C 1035, as rolled

Gear – Cast steel SAE 090

Solution:

For shearing

𝑆𝑦𝑠 2𝑇
𝑆𝑠𝑑 = 𝑆𝑠 = 𝑑𝐴𝑠
𝑁

From table 10.1 pp. 286, by Faires

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 MEE 035: Machine Design 1
Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

(woodruff key for ¼ x 1¼)---- As = 0.296 in³

2(4 000)
𝑆𝑠 = = 21 671.6 𝑝𝑠𝑖
1.25(0.296)

𝑆𝑠𝑑 = 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 21 671.6 𝑝𝑠𝑖

𝑆𝑦𝑠
From Ssd = 𝑁

𝑆𝑦𝑠
𝑆𝑠𝑑 =
𝑁

𝑆𝑦𝑠 33000
𝑁= = = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟐
𝑆𝑠𝑑 21671.6

For compression

4𝑇 𝑆𝑦
𝑆𝑐 = = 𝑆𝑐𝑑 𝑆𝑐𝑑 =
𝑑𝐴𝐵 𝑁

4(4 000)
𝑆𝑐 =
1.25(0.25)(1.25)

𝑆𝑐 = 40 960 𝑝𝑠𝑖

From table AT-6 pp. 570 text

From SAE 090 – hub material same as gear

Sy = 60 ksi

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 MEE 035: Machine Design 1
Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

Sy is based to the weaker between the hub and key

Sy = 55 ksi – base to the key material

From
𝑆𝑦
𝑆𝑐𝑑 = , 𝑆𝑐𝑑 = 𝑆𝑐
𝑁

𝑆𝑦 55000
𝑁= =
𝑆𝑐𝑑 40960
Sy = 55 ksi – base to the key material
N= 1.34

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 MEE 035: Machine Design 1
Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

What are the different types of
keys?
Of all the types of key mention
above, what are the keys
probably used more widely?
Flat key tapered, Square
key tapered, Gib head
keys, pin key.
They are flat keys and
square keys.

Use another sheet of paper if necessary.

Check for Understanding (5 mins)

LET ME HEAR FROM YOU…

In your opinion, why do studying Simple Woodruff key important for us as

engineers? Write your opinion on the space provided below.

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This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 MEE 035: Machine Design 1
Students’ Activity Sheet Module #13

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

TEACHER'S GUIDE…

The following worded problems were recommended to be used to

evaluate the understanding of the students about the lesson. It is
recommended that they answer it on a separate sheet of paper.

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