To: Nancy Myers

From: Joseph Tobler

Date: January 17, 2022
Subject: APLED 121-Chapter 5 Summary

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CHAPTER 5
AUDIENCE RECOGNITION
Audience Recognition
Knowledge Of Subject Matter- Writing to the readers knowledge level will make it easier for
them to understand.

Writing For Future Audiences- Possibly many years from now your document may be pulled up
for reference. Will your document be understood by the audiences of the future?

Defining Terms for Audiences

Defining Terms Parenthetically- Provide clarity to acronyms by writing them out at least once as
such, CIA (cash in Advance) or Cash in Advance (CIA).

Defining Your Terms in A Sentence- Define your terms with a useful sentence.

Using Extended Definitions of One Or More Paragraphs- When defining in greater detail
include.

1. Terms
2. Type Distinguishing Characteristics
3. Try Including Examples
4. Procedures
5. Descriptions

Using A Glossary- A glossary is an alphabetized list of terms you may or may not have defined,
placed after your conclusion/recommendation.

Providing Pop-Ups and Links with Definitions- Use pop-up screens for online help.
Audiences Personality Traits

By considering personality traits the writer can wright appropriately using the proper tone
visual aids and writing style.

Biased Language – Issues of Diversity

1. Diversity is protected by law.

2. Respecting diversity is the right thing to do.
3. Diversity is good for business.
4. A diverse workforce keeps companies competitive.

Multiculturalism

Cross-Cultural Workplace Communication- An international market is great for companies

because a global economy increases sales opportunities.

Guidelines For Effective Multicultural Communication

Defining Acronyms and Abbreviations- Only use terms that you have identified.

Avoid Jargon and Idioms- People from other cultures may not understand your Phrase.

Distinguish Between Nouns and Verbs- Make sure your reader can tell whether you're using a
noun or a verb.

Watch For Cultural Biases/Expectations- Research other cultures prior to writing.

Be Careful When Using Slash Marks- Does your slash mark mead “and”, “or”, or “and/or”?

Avoid Figurative Language- Say what you mean by using precise words.

Be Careful with Numbers, Measurements, Dates, And Times- Always identify dates, times, and
measurements.

Use Stylized Graphics to Represent People- Avoid cultural conflicts by using left-handed stick
figures.
Avoiding Biased Language

Ageist Language- Avoid using age.

Sexist Language- Avoid reference to age.

Biased Language About People with Disabilities- Don’t speak about other’s disabilities.

Audience Involvement

Personalized Tone- Strive for personalized tone.

Reader Benefit- Tell the reader how they will benefit.

The Writing Process at Work

Prewriting- Phil wrote an outline

Writing- After Phil researched his potential client’s language, he than wrote a rough draft cover
letter. Next, he sent the rough draft to a colleague for feedback.

Rewriting- Using the feedback Phil will make a final draft cover letter.