Regular verbs

Name + past ed+ past participle –ed (adjective = characteristic/modifier)

(Verb 1. Passive action: Kokoriko is produced in Colombia.)
(verb 2. Have/has / had / could have/would have +++++ past particple)

Transition: and idea from past to present.

I have been a professor for 40 years /since 1980. (I graduated 40 years

ago, and I continue)

I have lived in Colombia for 42 years. (I began to live in Colombia 40

years ago and I continue)

I have visited Cali 3 times. (finished transition) (indefinite past to the

present)

We have studied since 12 noon. We have studied many classes this

course.
Courts divorce people. People get divorced. They are divorced.

Courts marry people. People get married. They are married.

It is infected. Corrupt people

Medellin is an infected community.
Covid has infected Medellin terribly since
2020.
An easily-corrupted person.
A person is corrupted.
XXX is a Hollywood-produced movie.
This movie was produced in Hollywood.
Produced by …….
Facebook was invented in the USA.
Facebook is an American-invented social
media.
What is a city with very much infection?
It is an infected city.
Tom is stressed.
Mark is tired (fatigued).
(exhale) Steven Smith speaks/spiiiks/ Spanish.
5 Verb forms:

Simple = name of a verb

BE= Is/are/am /was/were/ will be/won’t be/can be (/k-n bi/)

DANCE = danced I danced yesterday.

-ED = ted/ded
Visit: Mary visited Cali last
December.
Who invented Facebook?
Facebook was invented
many years ago.
Who created Amazon?
Colombian-born people
I was born in Colombia.

1. Verbs similar to Spanish (cognates) (1500)

Copy, produce, refer, prefer, induce, reduce, communicate, observe,

2. Technological verbs
Water = irrigate, phone = telephone = call, milk = extract milk from animals

Telephone

Please, telephone the bank. My telephone is black. I have a telephone

book.

WhatsApp Liliana, WhatsApp a contact to your sister.

Google I google vocabulary. I love Google.

Googling is fun. I have a google account.
 Milk - Farmers milk cows every morning.

Water – I water my plants every day.

3. Onomatopoeias (replicas of sounds)

2 cars crashed yesterday.

Bang - Someone is banging at my door.

Sneeze. People sneeze when they have allergies.

Cough- People cough when they have an obstruction in their throat.

Laugh – People laugh in comedy shows.

4. Germanic verbs

Walk, talk, work, need, --ed

Need = require

Verb group 1 Simple = Past = Past Participle

Cost

eat Beat Beat/beaten

Plead Plead/pleaded Plead/pleaded

Bet Bet Bet

Let Let Let I let my brother use my car.

Sublet Sublet Sublet

Beset Beset Beset

Preset Preset Preset

Reset Reset Reset I reset my PC

Set Set Set

Upset Upset Upset

Wet Wet Wet

Sweat Sweat/sweated Sweat/sweated

Bid Bid Bid

Forbid Forbid Forbid

Broadcast Broadcast/broadcasted Broadcast/broadcasted

Cast Cast Cast

Forecast forecast Forecast

Burst Burst Burst

Bust Bust Bust

Thrust Thrust Thrust

Cost Cost Cost

Cut Cut Cut

Shut (close) Shut Shut

Fit Fit/fitted Fit/fitted

Hit Hit Hit

Quit Quit Quit

Slit Slit Slit

Split Split Split

Knit Knit/knitted Knit/knitted

Hurt Hurt Hurt

Input Input/inputted Input/inputted

Output Output/ outputted Output/ outputted

Put Put Put

Rid Rid/ridded Rid/ridded

Shed Shed Shed

Spread Spread Spread

Wed Wed/wedded Wed/wedded

Group 2 simple and past are ≠, but past =past participle

Have/has (possess) Had Had

Babysit Babysat Babysat

Housesit Housesat Housesat

Shit Shat Shat

Sit Sat Sat

Spit Spat Spat

Make Made Made

Lay  Laid   Laid

Pay     Paid      Paid 

Say     Said Said

Feed Fed Fed

Hear Heard Heard

Read Read Read

Reread Reread Reread

Lead      Led            Led  

Bleed      Bled              Bled

Breed Bred Bred

Feed      Fed              Fed

Flee      Fled         Fled

Speed      Sped       Sped      

Behold Beheld Beheld

Hold      Held             Held

Uphold Upheld Upheld

Withhold Withheld Withheld

learn Learnt Learnt

Build      Built      Built 

Rebuild Rebuilt Rebuilt

Burn Burnt / burned Burnt / burned

Sunburn Sunburnt / burned Sunburnt / burned

Spill Spilt/spilled Spilt/spilled

Spoil Spoilt/spoiled Spoilt/spoiled

Bless Blest/blessed Blest/blessed

Dwell Dwelt / dwelled Dwelt / dwelled

Misspell Misspelt/misspelled Misspelt/misspelled

Spell Spelt/spelled Spelt/spelled

Smell Smelt/smelled Smelt/smelled

Deal Dealt Dealt

Kneel Knelt/ kneeled Knelt/ kneeled

Feel Felt Felt

Dream     Dreamt/ dreamed      Dreamt/ dreamed     

Lean     Leant/leaned     Leant/leaned    

Mean     Meant     Meant

Bend Bent Bent

Lend Lent Lent

Send      Sent      Sent 

Resend Resent Resent

Spend      Spent      Spent 

Leap     Leapt    leapt

Leave     Left      Left 

Meet     Met      Met 

Creep Crept Crept

Keep Kept Kept

Sleep     Slept      Slept 

Sweep     Swept      Swept

Weep     Wept      Wept 

Say     Said Said

Lay  Laid   Laid

Pay     Paid      Paid 

Foretell     Foretold      Foretold

Retell     Retold      Retold

Resell     Resold     Resold

Sell     Sold     Sold

Tell     Told      Told

Beseech Besought/beseeched Besought/beseeched

Bring      Brought      Brought 

Buy      Bought      Bought 

Fight      Fought       Fought

Seek      Sought      Sought 

Think      Thought       Thought

Catch      Caught      Caught 

Teach      Taught      Taught 

Dig      Dug              Dug

Stick      Stuck              Stuck

Spin Spun Spun

Cling Clung Clung

Sling Slung Slung

Sting      Stung                         Stung

Swing Swung Swung

Wring Wrung Wrung

Hang    Hung    Hung   

Strike     Struck              Struck

Spin Spun Spun

Slide      Slid                                    Slid  

Light      Lit                   Lit /lighted        

Shoot      Shot            Shot

Lose Lost Lost

Bind      Bound                               Bound

Find      Found                               Found

Grind      Ground                               Ground

Wind      Wound                               Wound

Stand      Stood            Stood  

Understand      Understood              Understood

Withstand      Withstood      Withstood

Dive Dove/dived Dove/dived

Win      Won             Won

 Group 3, simple and past are ≠, and past and past participle are ≠.

Be    Was/were             Been

Forego Forewent Foregone

Go      Went            Gone  

Do      Did           Done  

Redo Redid Redone

Overdo Overdid Overdone

Can Could

May Might

Shall Should

Will Would

Must Had to

Choose              Chose      Chosen

Freeze      Froze         Frozen

Speak      Spoke               Spoken 

Steal      Stole      Stolen

Awake              Awoke/awaked Awoken/awaked

Wake           Woke/waked Woken/waked        

Break      Broke              Broken

Steal Stole Stolen

Weave      Wove                        Woven

Arise      Arose              Arisen

Drive      Drove Driven 

Rise              Rose      Risen

Ride      Rode                 Ridden

Smite Smote Smitten

Stride Strode Stridden

Strive Strove Striven

Write      Wrote       Written

Bite      Bit      Bitten            

Hide      Hid              Hidden

Eat      Ate              Eaten

Give      Gave              Given

Forgive      Forgave              Forgiven

Bid Bade      Bidden        

Forbid Forbade Forbidden

Forget      Forgot             Forgotten

Get      Got      Gotten / got

Forsake Forsook Forsaken

Shake      Shook              Shaken

Mistake Mistook Mistaken

Overtake Overtook Overtaken

Take      Took             Taken

See      Saw            Seen  

Beat      Beat              Beaten

Fall      Fell             Fallen

Lie       Lay           Lain

Bear      Bore             Born

Swear      Swore     Sworn

Tear     Tore     Torn

Wear     Wore            Worn

Slay Slew Slain/slayed

Blow      Blew      Blown

Grow      Grew      Grown

Know      Knew      Known

Overthrow Overthrew Overthrown

Throw      Threw      Thrown

Fly      Flew      Flown

Draw     Drew      Drawn        

Withdraw     Withdrew      Withdrawn        

Show      Showed      Shown /showed

Sow     Sowed      Sown/ sowed

Mow      Mowed      Mown/ mowed        

Swell      Swelled      Swollen/ swelled

Prove Proved Proven/proved

Sew      Sewed      Sewn/ sewed   

Run      Ran            Run

Begin      Began              Begun

Drink      Drank           Drunk   

Shrink      Shrank           Shrunk   

Sink      Sank          Sunk   

Stink Stank Stunk

Ring      Rang        Rung      

Sing      Sang        Sung      

Spring      Sprang                     Sprung

Spin      Span / Spun              Spun

Swim Swam Swum

Become      Became            Become  

Come      Came Come

Overcome      Overcame             Overcome