Ballistics

Ballistics derived from the greek word

“ballo” or “ballein” which means “to
throw") is the science of mechanics
that deals with the flight, behavior,
and effects of projectiles
 Forensic ballistic

• Is that branch of forensic science which deals with

the examination of the rearm and related
evidence encountered at the scene of crime in a
shooting incident, and their linkage to the rearm,
and Identi cation of the shooter.
fi
fi
fi
• Ballistics- the science dealing with motion and impact of
projectiles such as bullet ,rocket and bomb.
• Motion –refers to movement
• Projectile- refers to objects which is metallic or non-
metallic propelled from a weapon to cause destructive
effect.
• Forensic the term derived a latin word forensis meaning
Forum.

 Forensic ballistics is divided

into 3 sub-categories

• Internal (within the gun)

• External (from gun to target)
• Terminal ballistics (hutting the target)

 Internal ballistics

• The study of the processes occurring inside a rearm

when a shot is red. It includes the study of various
rearm mechanisms and barrel manufacturing
techniques; factors in uencing internal gas pressure ;
and rearm recoil.
fi
fi
fi
fl
fi
 External ballistics

• The study of the projectile’s ight from the moment it

leaves the muzzle of the barrel until it strikes the target.
fl
 Terminal ballistics

• The study of the projectile’s effect on the target or the

counter-effect if the target on the projectile
• The “Target” can be solid or liquid object , but when the
target is a human or animal it is common to use the term
“wound ballistics”

 Ballistic examination involves

the following:
• 1. Type of The Firearms used
• 2. Identi cation of the Firearm
• 3. Individual Characteristics of Firearm
• 4. Range of Firing
• 5. Direction of Firing
• 6. Identi cation of the Shooter
• 7. Medico legal aspects: Suicide/Homicide/ Accident
fi
fi

 • • Forensic ballistics involves the examination of evidence

from rearms that may have been used in a crime.
• • Microscopic marks are imprinted or left on the bullet
and cartridge cases as it is red from a gun which, theses
marks are called as ballistic ngerprint.
• • Bullets and cartridges case (shell) recovered from the
crime scene can be compared from the bullet or
cartridge case red from the suspect’s gun.
fi
fi
fi
fi

 Ballistics evidence

• Ballistic evidence is used to identify the type of weapon that was used
in the commission of a crime and other details of the crime-for
example , where the shooter was standing in relation to his or her
target. It may sleo tell whether a weapon used in one crime has been
used in the commission of another crime where identical ballistics
evidence was discovered.