EXAMPLE 5

Determine the standard equation of a circle whose general equation is

𝑥2 +𝑦2 − 10𝑦 + 5 = 0.
SOLUTION:
Transform the given general equation of a circle into its standard form
using completing the square method.
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 + 5 = 0 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 = −5
𝑥 2 + (𝑦 2 −10𝑦 + 25) = −5 + 25
𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 20
Thus, the standard equation of the circle with the given general
equation is 𝒙𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟓)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎.

EXERCISES 2

Directions: Given the general equation of a circle, determine its standard

form. Write your complete solution on your answer sheet.
1. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 − 6𝑦 − 39 = 0
Quarter 2 Week 8 - A
2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 − 9 = 0 (M10GE-IIh-1)
The learner illustrates the center-radius form of the equation of a circle.

Numeracy Skill
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Who Am I? agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the
What was the original name of the butterfly? payment of royalties.
This MathPACKS is published to be utilized by the Schools Division of Iloilo.
Directions: To find the answer, find the quotient of the following integers and ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource maybe reproduced
write the letter in box corresponding to its qoutient. or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical without written
permission from the Schools Division of Iloilo.
R (-352)  22 B 108  9
Writer: MELANIE T. BRAZA
T 128  (-16) T (-147)  21 Graphic Artist: PATRICK T. LOMIGO
Layout Artist: KRISHEA MAE P. JARUDA
Y 144  (-3) U (-120)  8 Division Quality Assurance: DR. KIM S. ARCEÑA
L JUVY H. FONDALES
(-444)  (-12) E 168  6 EPS I - Mathematics: DR. KIM S. ARCEÑA
F Management Team:
(-315)  (-35)
Dr. Roel F. Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr.
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
9 37 -15 -8 -7 28 -16 12 -48 Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay,
Dr. Kim S. Arceña

GENERALIZATIONS
The Standard Form of the Equation of a Circle
The center-radius form or the standard equation of a circle with center
at (h, k) and a radius of r units is (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2. The values of h
and k indicate that the circle is translated h units horizontally and k units
vertically from the origin.
If the center of the circle is at the origin, the standard equation of the
circle becomes 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 𝑟2.
The General Equation of a Circle
The general equation of a circle is 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 + 𝐹 = 0 where D,
E, and F are real numbers. This equation is obtained by expanding the standard
equation of a circle (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2.
Hence, to determine the standard equation of a circle given its general
equation, do the reverse process or perform completing the squares method.
. EXAMPLE 4
EXAMPLE 1
Determine the center-radius form equation of a circle with center at
(2, 7) and r = 9 units.
SOLUTION:
From the given, we have h = 2, k = 7 and r = 9. Substituting these
values in the standard equation of the circle (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2 , we
have (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 92 .
Simplifying the right side of the equation, the center-radius form
equation of the circle is (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟕)𝟐 = 𝟖𝟏 .
EXAMPLE 2
Determine the standard equation of a circle with center at (−3, 5) and
r = 4 5 units.
SOLUTION:
From the given, we have h = −3 and k = 5 and r = 4 5. Substituting
these values in the standard equation of the circle (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2 ,
we have(𝑥 − −3)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = (4 5)2 . Simplifying, the standard equation of
the circle is (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟓)𝟐 = 𝟖𝟎 .
EXAMPLE 3
Determine the standard equation of a circle with center at −1, −2
and whose diameter is 10 units long.
SOLUTION:
Recall that the radius is one-half of the diameter. If the diameter is 10
units long, then the length of the radius is 5 units. Hence, we have h = −1 ,
k = −2 and r = 5.
Substituting these values, we have [𝑥 − (−1)]2 + [𝑦 − (−2)]2 = 52 .
Simplifying, the standard equation of the circle is (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓 .
EXERCISES 1
Directions: Determine the standard equation of a circle with the given
properties. Write your complete solution on your answer sheet.
1. Center at (7, 6) and r = 11 units
2. Center at (0, −8) and r = 6 3 units
3. Center at (−4, 3) and a diameter of 12 units long
The general equation of a circle is 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 6 = 0. What is
its center-radius form equation?
SOLUTION:
To determine the standard equation of the circle, we must transform
its given general equation into its standard form using completing the square
method.
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 6 = 0 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑦 = 6
(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1) + (𝑦 2 +6𝑦 + 9) = 6 + 1 + 9
(𝑥 − 1)2 +(𝑦 + 3)2 = 16
Thus, the center-radius form equation of the circle with general
equation of 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 6 = 0 is (𝒙 − 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔 .
EXERCISES 2

Directions: Determine the general equation of a circle given the following

properties. Write your complete solutions on your answer sheets.
1. Center at (−4, 5) and r = 3 3 units
2. Center at (−2, −3) and with diameter 8 units long

Numeracy Skill

What is the fourth highest mountain in the world?

Direction: Decode the answer by finding the difference of the given subtraction
problem. Write the letter of the answer corresponding to the item in the
Quarter 2 Week 8 - B
box provided below.
(M10GE-IIh-2)
The learner determines the center and radius of a circle given its equation
O Subtract (-32) from 99
and vice versa.
L Subtract (-30) from 49
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
H 18 less than (-77)
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the
E Subtract (-99) from 0 payment of royalties.
This MathPACKS is published to be utilized by the Schools Division of Iloilo.
T How much is 0 decreased by (-11)?
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource maybe reproduced
S (-42) - (-34 - 9) - 18 or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical without written
permission from the Schools Division of Iloilo.

Writer: MELANIE T. BRAZA

_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
Graphic Artist: PATRICK T. LOMIGO
79 95 131 11 -17 99
Layout Artist: KRISHEA MAE P. JARUDA
Division Quality Assurance: DR. KIM S. ARCEÑA
JUVY H. FONDALES
EPS I - Mathematics: DR. KIM S. ARCEÑA
Management Team:
Dr. Roel F. Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr.
Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay,
Dr. Kim S. Arceña
 GENERALIZATIONS EXERCISES 1
The equation of any circle can be expressed in two different forms – in Directions: Determine the center and radius of a circle defined by the
general form and in standard or center-radius form. The general form equation following equations. Write your answers on your answer sheets.
of a circle is 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 + 𝐹 = 0 where D, E, and F are real numbers 1. (𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 + 6)2 = 45
while its standard form is 𝑥 − ℎ 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑘 2 = 𝑟2 where (h, k) is the center 2. 𝑥𝟐 + 𝑦𝟐 + 2𝑥 − 8𝑦 + 1 = 0
and r as the radius.
When the general equation of a circle is given, to determine its center EXAMPLE 3
and radius, transform first the given general equation into its standard form Determine the general equation of a circle with center at (5, −1) and a
using completing the squares method.
radius of 5 3 units long.

EXAMPLE 1
SOLUTION:
Determine the center and radius of a circle defined by an equation From the given, we have h = 5, k = −1 and r = 5 3. Substituting
(𝑥 + 7) + (𝑦 − 9)2 = 32.
2
these values in the standard equation of the circle (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2 ,
we have (𝑥 − 5)2 + [𝑦 − (−1)]2 = (5 3)2 . Simplifying, the center-radius form
SOLUTION:
equation of the circle is (𝒙 − 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟕𝟓.
The given standard equation of the circle can be expressed as
Expanding this equation, we have 𝑥𝟐 − 10𝑥 + 25 + 𝑦𝟐 + 2𝑦 + 1 =
2
[𝑥 − (−7)]2 + (𝑦 − 9)2 = ( 32)2 [𝑥 − (−7)]2 + (𝑦 − 9)2 = 16 2 75. Rearranging and combining similar terms, this equation can be written as
2 𝑥𝟐 + 𝑦𝟐 − 10𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 49 = 0.
[𝑥 − (−7)]2 + (𝑦 − 9)2 = 4 2
Thus, the general equation of a circle with center at (𝟓, −𝟏)
By inspection, h = −7, k = 9 and r = 4 2 . Hence, the center of the
and a radius of 𝟓 𝟑 units long is 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟒𝟗 = 𝟎.
circle lies at (−𝟕, 𝟗) and its radius is 𝟒 𝟐 units long.
EXAMPLE 4
Determine the general equation of a circle with diameter 20 units long
EXAMPLE 2 and center at (2, 1).
The general equation of a circle is 𝑥𝟐 + 𝑦𝟐 − 6𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 18 = 0.
Determine its center and radius. SOLUTION:
Recall that the length of the radius of a circle is one-half the length of
SOLUTION: its diameter. If the diameter is 20 units long, then the length of the radius is
We need to transform first the given general equation of the circle in 10 units.
order to determine its center and radius. Using completing the squares From the given, we have h = 2 and k = 1.
method, we have Substituting these values in the standard equation of the circle
𝑥𝟐 + 𝑦𝟐 − 6𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 18 = 0 𝑥𝟐 − 6𝑥 + 𝑦𝟐 − 10𝑦 = − 18 (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2 , we have (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = (10)2 . Simplifying
( 𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9) + ( 𝑦𝟐 − 10𝑦 + 25) = − 18 + 9 + 25
𝟐 the right side of the equation, the center-radius form equation of the circle is
(𝑥 − 3)𝟐 + (𝑦 − 5)𝟐 = 16 (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎.
(𝑥 − 3)𝟐 + (𝑦 − 5)𝟐 = 4𝟐 Expanding this equation, we have 𝑥𝟐 − 4𝑥 + 4 + 𝑦𝟐 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 100.
Rearranging and combining similar terms, this equation can be expressed as
By inspection, h = 3, k = 5 and r = 4 . Hence, the center of the circle lies 𝑥𝟐 + 𝑦𝟐 − 4𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 95 = 0.
at (𝟑, 𝟓) and its radius is 𝟒 units long. Thus, the general equation of a circle with diameter 20 units
long and center at (𝟐, 𝟏) is 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟗𝟓 = 𝟎.
 Answer Key Answer Key
Q2 Wk 8-A Q2 Wk 8-B
EXERCISES 1 EXERCISES 1
1. (𝑥 − 7)𝟐 + (𝑦 − 6)𝟐 = 121
2. 𝑥𝟐 + (𝑦 + 8)𝟐 = 108
3. (𝑥 + 4)𝟐 + (𝑦 − 3)𝟐 = 36

Q2 Wk 8-B
Q2 Wk 8-A EXERCISES 2
EXERCISES 2

1. 𝑥 + 4 𝟐 + 𝑦 −3 𝟐 = 54
2. (𝑥 + 4)𝟐 + 𝑦 𝟐 = 25

Q2 Wk 8-B
Numeracy Skills

Q2 Wk 8-A
Numeracy Skills L H O T S E
__ __ __ __ __ __
F_ L_ _U_ _T T_ E_ _ R_ B_ _ Y_ 79 95 131 11 -17 99
9 -37 -15 -8 -7 28 -16 12 -48