Fluid Flow and Mechanical Operations

CHD003U2M

Practice Problems

Question 1: A plane gate of uniform thickness holds back a depth of water as shown. Find
the minimum weight needed to keep the gate closed.

Question 2: The velocity field in the region shown is given by V = aj + byk where a = 10 m s
and b = 5 s-1. For the 1 m × 1 m triangular control volume (depth w = 1 m perpendicular to
the diagram), an element of area 1 may be represented by dA1 = wdzj - wdyk and an element
of area 2 by dA2 = -wdyk


(a) Find an expression for V .dA1

(b) Evaluate  V .dA1
A1


(c) Find an expression for V .dA2 .
 
(d) Find an expression for V (V .dA2 ) .
 
(e) Evaluate  V (V .dA2 ) .
A2
Question 3: Find average velocity V for this mushroom cap on a pipeline. 1 m is the
diameter of center pipe. The water is redirected so that it exits a 45° angle through an
annular space between two concentric circles with radii of 1.8 and 2.0 m.

1.8 m

Question 4: The stream function for a certain incompressible flow field is given by the
expression ψ = −Ur sin θ + qθ/2π. Obtain an expression for the velocity field. Find the
stagnation point(s) where |V|= 0, and show that ψ = 0 there.

Question 5: Figure shows a jet pump that consists of a tube within a tube. Air is forced into
the smaller tube at a pressure of 700 kPa, a temperature of 300 K, and a velocity of 3 m/s.
This high-velocity jet draws atmospheric air into the larger tube at a pressure of 101.3 kPa, a
temperature of 300 K, and a velocity of 8 m/s. Determine the velocity of the air drawn in by
the jet.

Question 6: A circular swimming pool 16 ft in diameter is being filled with two garden hoses,
each having an inside diameter of 3/4 in. The velocities of flow from the hoses are 6 ft/s and
4 ft/s. Calculate the time required to fill the pool to a depth of 4.5 ft (See figure). If we start
filling the pool by 8:00 A.M., will we be able to swim in a filled pool by noon?
Question 7: A liquid jet strikes a plate containing a sharp-edged orifice, as shown in Figure.
The liquid jet velocity approaching the plate is V. For frictionless flow, determine the forces
exerted on the plate by the liquid