Class-XII (Chemistry Practical) : Object

Class-XII (Chemistry Practical)
By—Navin Panday (NP)

TERM-II (2021-2022)
Experiment No.=01
Object----
To identify one functional group in given organic compound.
Required Materials:
Organic compound, litmus paper, test tube, glass rod and
reagents etc.
OBSERVATION TABLE
S.N. Procedure Observation Inference
1. Blue litmus Blue litmus -COOH group
paper dipped in paper turns into may be.
original solution red.
of given
compound.
2. Add sodium CO2 gas evolved -COOH group
bicarbonate with confirmed.
solution in effervescence.
original solution
of compound.
Result----
NP-Chemistry-Practical Page 1
The given organic compound was contain –COOH (Carboxylic)
functional group.
Precaution---
1. Wash the apparatus before use.
2. Experiment should be carefully.
3. All apparatus should be clean.
4. Observe the colour and the effect carefully.
Experiment No.=02
Object----
To identify one functional group in given organic compound.
Required Materials:
Organic compound, litmus paper, test tube, glass rod and
reagents etc.
OBSERVATION TABLE
S.N. Procedure Observation Inference
1. Add 4 to 5 drops White ppt --C=O group
of Conc-sodium obtained may be.
bisulphite in
organic liquid.
2. Add 1 ml of Red ppt -CHO group
Fehling solution- obtained. may be.
A and 1ml
Fehling solution-
B in organic
liquid and heat.
3. Add Tollen Black ppt -CHO group
reagent in obtained. confirmed.
organic liquid
and heat.
Result-----
The given organic compound was contain –CHO (Aldehydic) functional
group.
Precaution---
1. Wash the apparatus before use.
Experiment No.=03
Object :
To identify given compound is saturated or unsaturated.
Required Materials :
Test tube, water, KMnO4, Na2CO3 etc.
Theory :
In unsaturated organic compound KMnO4 becomes
colourless in presence dil- Na2CO3, whereas in saturated organic
compound, the colour of KMnO4 does not disappear.
Observation table :
S.No. Proceduce observation inference

1. Make original solution of The colour of Unsaturated
compound then add 1ml of dil KMnO4 compound
Na2CO3 solution and a few disappear confirmed
drops of KMnO4 solution and
shake well
2. Make original solution of

compound then add 1ml of dil The colour of Saturated
Na2CO3 solution and a few KMnO4 not compound
drops of KMnO4 solution and disapper confirmed
shake well.
Result :
In given compound , compound A are saturated and
compound B are unsaturated.
Precaution :

Experiment No.=04
Object----To prepare a standard solution (M/20) of Ferrous ammonium
sulphate (Mohr’s salt) and with its help determine the molarity and concentration
in gm/lit of the given solution of Potassium permagnate (KMnO4).
Required Apparatus—
Chemical balance, Weight box, Fractional weights, Weighing tube, Measuring
flask, Conical flask, Beaker, Funnel, Glass rod, wash bottle, Pipette, Burette,
Burette stand.
Required Chemicals—
Ferrous ammonium sulphate (Mohr’s salt), Potassium permagnate (KMnO4) and
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4).
Theory:
In this titration Mohr salt acts as a reducing agent and potassium
permanganate acts as an oxidising agent. So, the reaction between
Mohr’s salt and potassium permanganate is a redox reaction. In this redox
reaction, ferrous ion from Mohr’s salt gets oxidised and pink coloured of
manganese present in potassium permanganate, which is in the +7
oxidation state gets reduced to colourless Mn2+ state and overall reaction-
-
2KMnO4 + 10FeSO4 (NH4)2SO4.6H2O+8H2SO4→ K2SO4+ 2MnSO4+ 5Fe2(SO4)3 +
10(NH4)2SO4+ 68H2O
Indicator—
KMnO4 acts as a self indicator.
End Point---
Colourless to pink.
Procedure—
1.Prepare 250ml standard solution (M/20) of Ferrous ammonium sulphate.
(Mohr’s salt)
2. Wash and rinse the burette and pipette with distilled water.
3. Fill the burette by the given potassium permanganate solution.
4. Pipette out 20ml of M/20 standard Mohr’s salt solution into the conical
flask or titration flask.
5. Add 25ml of 4N sulphuric acid in order to prevent oxidation of

manganese to form manganese dioxide.
6. Note down the initial reading of the burette and allow the KMnO4 solution
to run into the flask drop wise with constant stirring, till a permanent light
pink colour is imparted to the solutions.
7. Read the upper sign of the burette and record it as final burette reading.
8. Repeat the titration minimum three times.
Observations Table
S.No. Volume of Mohr’s salt Burette Burette Volume of

solution (V1) Reading Reading
(Initial) (Final) KMnO4 (V2)
(mean)
1. 20ml 0.0ml 9.8ml
2. 20ml 0.0ml 10ml 10ml
3. 20ml 0.0ml 10ml
Calculation—
(l) For preparation of M/20 Mohr’s Salt Solution--
Molarity=
Molar mass of Mohr’s salt (FeSO4(NH4)2SO4.6H2O)= 392u
Moles of solute= = , Volume of solution in lit=
×
=
×
×
W= =4.9gm
×
Weight of empty weighing tube= 5.45gm
Weight of Ferrous ammonium sulphate= 4.9gm
Weight of weighing tube + Ferrous ammonium sulphate = 5.45+4.9=10.35gm
(ii) Molarity and Strength of unknown KMnO4 Solution

1. Molarity of Ferrous ammonium sulphate solution = (M/20)= M1
2. Molarity of KMnO4 solution = M2=?
3. Volume of Ferrous ammonium sulphate solution = V1=20ml.
4. Volume of of KMnO4 solution =10ml=(V2)
From equation it is clear that 10 moles of Ferrous ammonium

sulphate required 2 moles of KMnO4 for complete oxidation.
Thus
10 moles of Ferrous ammonium sulphate solution= 2 moles of KMnO4

solution
( )
=
( )
M1V1=5M2V2
M2 = M1V1/5V2
×
M2 = = M= 0.02M.
× ×
Strength of given KMnO4 solution=Molarity x Molar mass of KMnO4
Strength of given KMnO4 solution=1/50 x 158= 3.16 gm/lit.
Result—
The molarity of given unknown solution KMnO4 is 0.02M and its
strengths is 3.16gm/lit.
Precautions—
1.Rinse the pipette and burette before use.
2.Use dilute sulfuric acid for acidifying the potassium permanganate.
3.Clean all the apparatus with distilled water before starting the experiment
and then rinse with the solution to be taken in them.
4.Take accurate readings once it reaches the endpoint and doesn’t go with
average readings.
Experiment No.=05
Burette stand.
Theory:
-
10(NH4)2SO4+ 68H2O
Indicator—
End Point---
Colourless to pink.
Procedure—
1.Prepare 250ml standard solution (M/20) of Ferrous ammonium sulphate.
(Mohr’s salt)

Observations Table

(mean)
1. 20ml 0.0ml 7.8ml
2. 20ml 0.0ml 8ml 8ml
3. 20ml 0.0ml 8ml
Calculation—
Molarity=

×
=
×
×
W= =4.9gm
×
Weight of ferrous ammonium sulphate= 4.9gm
Weight of weighing tube + ferrous ammonium sulphate = 5.45+4.9=10.35gm


Thus

solution
( )
=
( )
M1V1=5M2V2
M2 = M1V1/5V2
×
M2 = = M= 0.025M.
× ×
Result—
Precautions—
4.Take accurate readings once it reaches the endpoint and doesn’t go with
average readings.
Experiment No.=06
Burette stand.
Theory:
-
10(NH4)2SO4+ 68H2O
Indicator—
End Point---
Colourless to pink.
Procedure—
1.Prepare 250ml standard solution (M/20) of ferrous ammonium sulphate.
(Mohr’s salt)

Observations Table

(mean)
1. 20ml 0.0ml 12.1ml
2. 20ml 0.0ml 12.2ml 12ml
3. 20ml 0.0ml 12ml
Calculation—
Molarity=

×
=
×
×
W= =4.9gm
×
Weight of Ferrous ammonium sulphate= 4.9gm
Weight of weighing tube + Ferrous ammonium sulphate = 5.45+4.9=10.35gm


Thus

solution
( )
=
( )
M1V1=5M2V2
M2 = M1V1/5V2
×
M2 = = M= 0.016M.
× ×
Result—
Precautions—
4.Take accurate readings once it reaches the end point and doesn’t go with
average readings.
Experiment No=07
Object—
To identify one acidic and one basic free radicals in given
inorganic compound or inorganic salt.
Materials Required:
Test tube, glass rod, burner, salt, reagent, water etc.
Observation Table
(1) Observation table for acidic Radical
S.No. Procedure Observation Inference
1 Take salt in a dry test Pungent smell Cl- may
tube then add Conc- evolved be
Sulphuric acid.
2 A rod dipped in White dense fumes Cl-
ammonium hydroxide is confirmed
brought near the mouth of
the test tube.
3 Mix magnesedioxide in Greenish-Yellowish Cl-
given salt,then add Conc- colour pungent gas confirmed
Sulphuric acid and heat evolved.
slowly.
(2) Observation table for Basic Radical

1. Add aqueous sodium Ammonia gas NH4+
hydroxide in given salt evolved may be
and warm.
2. A red litmus paper dipped Red litmus paper NH4+
in original solution of salt. turns into blue. may be
3. Warm salt with sodium White dense fumes NH4+
hydroxide and a rod confirmed
dipped in Conc-
Hydrochloric acid is
the test tube.
4. Add sodium hydroxide in Brownish colour NH4+
original solution of salt precipitate. confirmed
and Nessler reagent.
Result-
The given inorganic salt was containing one acidic free radical
- +
Chloride (Cl ) and one basic free radical ammonium (NH4 ).
Precautions…
1. Wash all apparatus before use.
2. Experiment should be done carefully.
Experiment No=08
Object—
Materials Required:
Observation Table
1 Add Dil-Sulphuric acid in Colourless, odorless, CO32-
given inorganic salt. Carbon dioxide gas- may be
evolved with
effervescence.
2 Evolved gas transfer into Lime water turns into CO32-
lime water. milky. confirmed

1. Add aqueous sodium Ammonia gas NH4+
hydroxide in given salt evolved may be
and warm.
2. A red litmus paper dipped Red litmus paper NH4+
in original solution of salt. turns into blue. may be
3. Warm salt with sodium White dense fumes NH4+
hydroxide and a rod confirmed
dipped in Conc-
Hydrochloric acid is
the test tube.
4. Add sodium hydroxide in Brownish colour NH4+
original solution of salt precipitate. confirmed
and Nessler reagent.
Result-
2- +
Carbonate (CO3 ) and one basic free radical ammonium (NH4 ).
Precautions…
Experiment No=09
Object—
Materials Required:
Observation Table
Sulphuric acid.
the test tube.
slowly.

1. Add dil-HCl in given No precipitate I group
inorganic salt absent.
2. Add H2S gas in first No precipitate II group
group filtrate. absent.
3. Heat and remove H2S Red-brownish III group
gas and then add precipitate obtained. present.
ammonium hydroxide (
3+
NH4OH) in presence of Fe may
ammonium chloride. ( be.
NH4Cl)
4. Add dil-HCl in Red- Reddish colour Fe3+
brownish precipitate, solution obtained. confirmed.
make soluble and then
add ammonium
thiocyanate. (NH4SCN)
Result-
- 3+
Chloride (Cl ) and one basic free radical Fe .
Precautions…
Experiment No=10
Object—
Materials Required:
Observation Table
Sulphuric acid.
the test tube.
slowly.

1. Add dil-HCl in given No precipitate I group
inorganic salt absent.
2. Add H2S gas in first group No precipitate II group
filtrate. absent.
3. Heat and remove H2S No precipitate III group
gas and then add absent.
ammonium hydroxide (
NH4OH) in presence of
ammonium chloride. (
NH4Cl)
4. Add H2S gas in third White precipitate IV group
group filtrate. obtained. present.
Zn2+ may
be
5. Obtained precipitate
washed with hot water
and dissolve in dil-HCl.
Add large amount of

NaOH in solution and
then solution divided into
two parts.
(a) Add H2S gas in first

part of solution. White precipitate
obtained. Zn2+
confirmed
(b) Add acetic acid in
second part of solution, White precipitate
Zn2+
and then add potassium obtained.
confirmed
ferrocyanide.
Result-
-
The given inorganic salt was containing one acidic free radical Chloride (Cl
) and one basic free radical Zn2+.
Precautions…
For any doubt/problem/query, you can contact

with whatsapp No. 7703036625.
Also you can visit my you tube channel —Navin Panday Chemistry.

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Class-XII (Chemistry Practical)

By—Navin Panday (NP)

1. Wash the apparatus before use.

2. Experiment should be carefully.

3. All apparatus should be clean.

4. Observe the colour and the effect carefully.

2. Experiment should be carefully.

3. All apparatus should be clean.

4. Observe the colour and the effect carefully.

S.No. Proceduce observation inference

2. Make original solution of

2. All apparatus should be clean.

3. Observe the colour and the effect carefully.

3. Fill the burette by the given potassium permanganate solution.

5. Add 25ml of 4N sulphuric acid in order to prevent oxidation of

8. Repeat the titration minimum three times.

S.No. Volume of Mohr’s salt Burette Burette Volume of

1. 20ml 0.0ml 9.8ml

2. 20ml 0.0ml 10ml 10ml

3. 20ml 0.0ml 10ml

Weight of empty weighing tube= 5.45gm

Weight of Ferrous ammonium sulphate= 4.9gm

Weight of weighing tube + Ferrous ammonium sulphate = 5.45+4.9=10.35gm

(ii) Molarity and Strength of unknown KMnO4 Solution

2. Molarity of KMnO4 solution = M2=?

3. Volume of Ferrous ammonium sulphate solution = V1=20ml.

4. Volume of of KMnO4 solution =10ml=(V2)

From equation it is clear that 10 moles of Ferrous ammonium

10 moles of Ferrous ammonium sulphate solution= 2 moles of KMnO4

Strength of given KMnO4 solution=1/50 x 158= 3.16 gm/lit.

2.Use dilute sulfuric acid for acidifying the potassium permanganate.

3. Fill the burette by the given potassium permanganate solution.

5. Add 25ml of 4N sulphuric acid in order to prevent oxidation of

S.No. Volume of Mohr’s salt Burette Burette Volume of

1. 20ml 0.0ml 7.8ml

2. 20ml 0.0ml 8ml 8ml

3. 20ml 0.0ml 8ml

Molar mass of Mohr’s salt (FeSO4(NH4)2SO4.6H2O)= 392u

Weight of empty weighing tube= 5.45gm

Weight of ferrous ammonium sulphate= 4.9gm

Weight of weighing tube + ferrous ammonium sulphate = 5.45+4.9=10.35gm

(ii) Molarity and Strength of unknown KMnO4 Solution

3. Volume of Ferrous ammonium sulphate solution = V1=20ml.

4. Volume of of KMnO4 solution =8ml=(V2)

From equation it is clear that 10 moles of Ferrous ammonium

10 moles of Ferrous ammonium sulphate solution= 2 moles of KMnO4

Strength of given KMnO4 solution=Molarity x Molar mass of KMnO4

Strength of given KMnO4 solution=1/40 x 158= 3.95 gm/lit.

2.Use dilute sulfuric acid for acidifying the potassium permanganate.

3. Fill the burette by the given potassium permanganate solution.

5. Add 25ml of 4N sulphuric acid in order to prevent oxidation of

8. Repeat the titration minimum three times.

S.No. Volume of Mohr’s salt Burette Burette Volume of

1. 20ml 0.0ml 12.1ml

2. 20ml 0.0ml 12.2ml 12ml

3. 20ml 0.0ml 12ml

Molar mass of Mohr’s salt (FeSO4(NH4)2SO4.6H2O)= 392u

Weight of empty weighing tube= 5.45gm

Weight of Ferrous ammonium sulphate= 4.9gm

Weight of weighing tube + Ferrous ammonium sulphate = 5.45+4.9=10.35gm

(ii) Molarity and Strength of unknown KMnO4 Solution

2. Molarity of KMnO4 solution = M2=?