REVISION

QUESTIONS

NAME OF THE STUDENT: __________________

YEAR 9 : _____
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
Define the term society
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Identify three types of society
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List two difference between traditional and modern society
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List 5 types of traditional society
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List two features of hunting and gathering society
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List two features of agricultural society
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List two features of pastoral society
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List two features of horticultural society
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Difference between nomadic and semi nomadic
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List two types of modern society
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List two features of industrial society
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List two features of post -industrial society
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Define the following terms
a) Culture
b) Domesticated

c) Global warming
d) Green revolution

e) Primitive tool
f) Zero population growth

g) Ageing population
h) Mass production
i) Slash and burn

SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Define the following terms
a) Social structure
b) I taukei hierarchy system

c) Caste system
d) First world

e) Third world
Draw the i-taukei hierarchy system
Draw Indian caste system

Why has caste system slowly disappeared in Fiji?

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Give a reason why the Indians first came to Fiji

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Ascribed status Achieved status

Example Example
 Roles
Chairperson

Secretary

Treasurer

Committee
members

GROUPS
Define the following terms
a) Group
b) Modern organization

c) Structure
d) Regulation

e) Goal
f) Human group

g) Expectation
h) Norms
i) Complex

Name two types of group

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Group Features
Primary group ( informal
group )

Secondary group ( formal

group)

NEEDS AND WANTS

NEEDS WANTS

Example Example

CULTURE
DEFINE THE FOLLOWING
A. CULTURE-
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TWO TYPES OF CULTURE

 MATERIAL CULTURE NON MATERIAL CULTURE

Example Example

WAYS IT CAN BE PRESEVERED WAYS IT CAN BE PRESEVERED

Discuss what is meant by commercializing of culture

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List two disadvantage of commercializing of culture
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List two advantage of celebrating traditional activities
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List two negative impact of modernization on culture

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List two changes some traditions and customs in Fiji
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VALUES, NORMS AND VIRTUES
DEFINE THE FOLLOWING
TERMS MEANINGS
VALUES

NORMS

VIRTUES

SOCIAL NORMS
GENERATION GAP
MANNERS
ETIQUETTES

List three sources of values

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Identify three social norms in your society
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State two advantage of social norms in your society
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How does religion influences your values

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Why it is necessary to behave accordingly in society

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Explain the expression “manners maketh a person”
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GOALS
TWO TYPES OF GOAL
MEAN GOAL END GOAL

Example Example
Define the term goal
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Explain three ways in which end goal can influence the life of a young person
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UNIVERSAL CULTURE
Define universal culture
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How is universal culture explained?
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How are patterns of universal culture found?
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List two importance of universal culture
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MULTICULTURALISM
 a) CULTURAL DIVERSITY
b) MULTICULTURALISM

c) INTEGRATION
d) CULTURE SHOCK

e) MARGINAL PEOPLE
f) ACCULTURATION

g) SEGREGATION
h) ASSIMILATION
i) RACISM

j) DISCRIMINATION

k) ETHNOCENTISM

l) PREJUDICE

m) APARTHEID

What are the disadvantage of being mixed ethnic origin

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What are the advantage of being mixed ethnic origin
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 NATIONAL IDENTITY
Define the following
Terms Meaning
National identity

Citizenship
Passport

Flora
Fauna
Constitution

List three features of national identity

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Why it is important to have national identity
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How do individuals show their nationality
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Which are the most popular symbols of Fiji
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What is the most important responsibility of a citizen

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How can you be loyal to your country

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GLOBALISATION

Define the globalization

List 6 agents of globalization

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List two advantages of globalization
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List two disadvantage of globalization
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How does picture shown above portrays globalization

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Comment on the phrase “Think global, act local”
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Define the following terms

Interdependence
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Sustain
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Global village
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Multinational company
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COMMUNITY LIVING
SOCIAL CONTROL

TWO TYPES OF SOCIAL CONTROL

FORMAL CONTROL INFORMAL CONTROL

Define family council

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List five purpose of family council
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List four advantage of family council
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List three disadvantage of family council
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List three sets of rights in FIJI

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_____________: A child is every human

being below the
age of 18
______________: You have the right to a
name, a nationality and the right to know
and be cared for by your parents.
_________ You should not be separated
from your parents unless it is for your own
good
___________: No one should hurt you in
any way.Adults should make sure you are
protected from abuse, violence and
neglect. Even your parents have no right
to hurt you.
_________________: you have a right to education.
You
must have primary education and it must be
free. You should also be able to go to
Secondary school
______________: You have the right to be
protected
from working in places or conditions that are
likely to damage your health or get in the way
of your education. If somebody is making
money out of your work you should be paid
fairly.

What is meant by “Rights comes with responsibilities”

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Define the freedom
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Define the term equality
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List four ways freedom is expressed
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Define social deviance
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List two example of social deviance
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List three ways social deviance can be controlled
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Functions

Police force

Military
force

Judiciary

What is customary law

 Holy book Place of worship Leaders

Christianity

Hinduism

Sikhism

Islam
(muslim)

Define the term conflict

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List two types of conflict
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List two causes of conflict
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Traditional ways of resolving conflict
Society Ways
i-taukei way

Indian way
New Zealand

Vanuatu

Kiribati

List two modern ways of solving conflict

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List three ways you can defend your right
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THE DISADVANTAGED GROUP

IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF DISABLE SHOWN ABOVE

The disadvantaged group is known as _____________________________
List two types of disabilities
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List two problems faced by old age disabilities
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List three ways to help people with disabilities
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List 6 institution that looks after disable people

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What is meant by attitudes are the real disability
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LOCAL LEADERS

List 5 contribution of the leader shown above

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List 5 contribution of the leader shown above

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List 5 contribution of the leader shown above
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NGOs AND REGIONAL ORGANISATIONS
List two aims of NGO
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List three NGOs in Fiji
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List two functions of Red Cross Society
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List two functions of Fiji women’s crisis center
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List two functions of save the children Fiji
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In 1998, the organization resolved to focus on two key strategic

directions – promoting equity in education and advancing children’s
rights in line with the United Nation’s Convention on the Rights of the
Child.

List two aims of regional agencies

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 NAME OF AGENCY YEAR OF EST HEADQUATERS ROLE

THE PACIFIC 1977 AUCKLAND,NZ To ensure regular shipping services

FORUM LINE To offer a modern shipping service.

SHIPPING)-( PFL) To encourage the economic development
of the region

To keep freight rates low

To operate a viable shipping service.

FORUM FISHERIES 1979 Honiara, It protects and conserves the marine
AGENCIES (FFA ) Solomon Islands resources of the member nations.

It gives each island country the right to
enforce the 200 mile Exclusive Economic
Policy that arose from the law of the Sea
Conference
SECRETARIAT OF Noumea SPC work programmes develop the technical,
THE PACIFIC with a subbranch professional, scientific, research, planning and
COMMUNITY
(SPC) in Suva. management capability of Pacific island people.

PACIFIC ISLANDS 1972 SUVA,FIJI Development and economic policy

FORUM Political and international affairs

SECRETARIAT Trade and investment

UNIVERSITY OF 1968 SUVA ,FIJI Provides tertiary and higher education to
SOUTH PACIFIC the Pacific region

SOUTH PACIFIC plays an important role in both the social and economic
TOURISM development of the Pacific region,
ORGANISATION 1980 SUVA through its support of the tourism industry

List two functions of SOPAC

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List two functions of SPREP

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List two functions of SPARTECA

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Long form
SOPAC

SPREP

SPARTECA

SPC

FIC

FFA

PFL

SPEC

USP

SPTO

MSG
 HISTORY OF FIJI
WHEN WAS FIJI CEDE TO GREAT
BRITAIN

FIJI GAINED INDEPENDENCE

FIRST GOBVERNOR OF FIJI

FIRST CAPITAL OF FIJI

FIRST GOVERNOR OF FIJI

FIRST PERSON TO PUT FIJI ON MAP

PERIOD

Movements of people from South China and the

first Aboriginal people moved to Continent
Australia and New Guinea.

People continued to move into South East Asia,

Australia and mainland New Guinea islands and
nearly Solomon Island.

People moved quickly through voyaging from

Melanesia out into the South Pacific, and into the
North Pacific from
Philippines/Taiwan into the atolls of Micronesia

Define the term theory

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Name the chiefs at different levels
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Name the responsibilities of the chief

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What was early Fiji like

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List 8 evidence of past

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Why do you think is important to know how the Fijians live their lives in the past?

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Resource interpretation

Due to the fact that Lapita potteries have been found in Lakeba, Beqa, Natunuka, Naigani and other
parts of Fiji, it suggested that the first Fijians shared common cultural aspects with the people of the
Western Pacific or Melanesia.Stone adzes found in Samoa and Fiji suggested that Fijian culture
has a link to Samoans culture.Huge canoes made from Fiji trees were found in Tonga and also
some of the words used by the people of Lau were similar and this suggested that there was also a
link between Fiji and Tonga. Marriage linked many Fijian and Tongan families.Pots made in Fiji
have been found in the Marquesas Islands.All these contacts could have been the result of people
of other places coming to, through and from Fiji. This could also explain the number of languages or
dialects used within the Fiji Group.

State a way Samoan culture is linked with Fiji

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State a way Tongan culture is linked with Fiji
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How Fiji is linked to Marquesas island

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Explain a reason why Fiji has different dialects

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EUROPEAN DISCOVERY OF FIJI
Name of explores Discoveries
Entered the Fiji Group. Came down to Taveuni through the Ringgold
islands from where he turned North, leaving Fiji by way of Cikobia.
*Tasman Namuka Reef ‘Heemskerck Shoals”
*He made no landing.

He sighted the islands of Vatoa and named it

Turtle Island
*A mutiny led by Fletcher Christian caused Bligh
& 18 others to be drifted in an open boat.
* 4th May – entered the Fiji Group between
Yayasa Levu and Moce.
* 6th May – discovered Gau, Nairai, Koro, Viti
Levu
* Bligh passed between Viti Levu and vanua
Levu.
* He did not land because he was afraid of the
hostility of the natives.
second voyage added new islands to his
chart (map)
* For a long time the Fiji Group was known “
Bligh’s Island”
was the first to put Fiji on a map.

*He saw Yagasa, Moce & Recorded Ogea and

Fulaga.
*The Duff was almost wrecked on a reef which
he named “ Providence Reef”
*He named Vanua Balavu, Sir Charles
Middleton’s Islands.
*He was famous for discovering many islands
and reefs in the Northern Part of Lau.
 Sighted Kadavu, Beqa, Vatulele and Malolo

Charted the reefs of Ono-i-Lau

He sighted Astrolabe Reef.

What was the daily lifestyle during the pre-contact period?

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Why was the need for social structure in the Early Fijian Societies?
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Who was the first- European explorer to visit Fiji?

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Which people did Captain James Cook make contact with?

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How did Bligh find the Fiji Islands- Explain what happened?
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Archeologist

Lapita
Pre – history

Voyaging corridor

Radio carbon dating

Barter system

Fiji area, showing the routes of Tasman, Cook, Bligh and Wilson

SANDALWOOD TRADE

Who discovered
When was it
discovered

Where was it
discovered

ITEMS USED FOR TRADE BY EUROPEANS FOR

SANDALWOOD

List three effects of sandalwood trade

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List six effects of sandalwood on the economic lifestyle

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Who are beachcombers?

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reasons for escaping from ship

Explain the effects of beachcomber trade

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Resource interpretation

Beachcomber who survived a shipwreck and found his way to Bau.

took a supply of muskets and ammunition from the wreck
Bau was then able to conquer its rivals and establish itself as one of the
most powerful links in Fiji.
With his ability to speak both Tongan and Fijian made him become accepted
Name the beachcomber mentioned above
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Identify the figure shown above

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Name the expedition
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What is the long form USXX?

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Resource Interpretation

Tanoa and other chiefs agreed to give protection to foreign ships and to supply
them with water and provisions.
• Crews of wrecked ships were to be protected
• Alcohol was not to be brought ashore
• Deserters were to be captured and returned to their ships
• No seamen were to remain ashore after nine o’clock in the evening.
• Ships were required to pay three dollars for port charges and seven dollars for
a pilot’s services.
Identify the agreement shown above
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Permanent settlers in Fiji after 1860 became involved more directly with Fijian life and Politics
(they wanted land and labor for their plantations and settled government which would give them
a firm title to their land as well as
protection).
Most Europeans arrived in Fiji in 1860s as there was the boom in cotton prices (a.k.a the
GREAT FIJI RUSH). Fiji’s
climate and cheap land attracted settlers and planters.
In between 1860 – 1871, the numbers increased from 30 to 2760.

Define the term “ Great Fiji Rush”

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RESOURCE INTERPRETATION

In 1847 – Ma’afu (King Taufa Aha’u in Tonga) came to Fiji in an expedition to

Vanua Balavu to investigate the killing of a preacher.. He was the Protector of
Wesleyan missionaries and he too Vanua Balavu by force after the murder of 17
Wesleyan converts. Ma’afu power stretched from Lakeba to Yasawa, Beqa and
Kadavu, Bua and Macuata. He became a threat to Cakobau because of his
growing power.

In which year Ma’afu came to Fiji

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Why did Ma’afu came to Fiji
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YEARS
The house of a Johns Williams
accidently burnt during the celebration
of America Independence Day on
Nukulau Island.
The Fijians, rather than putting out the
fire, looted the house. Williams claimed
that he had lost properly valuing at
£5000 pounds.

Levuka was burnt down by the Lovoni

tribesman and many Americans were
victims.

Williams house was burnt down again

and again and he appealed to
American government for help. This
time the American claim grew from
£5000 to £45000.

The U.S.S Vandalia came to Levuka

and Cakobau was called on board. He
was forced to sign a promise that
would pay the debt, this time within
one year.

List two reasons why Cakobau ceded Fiji to Great Britain

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List two conditions of Cakobau for first offer
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List five reasons why Britain refuse the first offer of cession
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a. Whether Fiji would be a useful port of call, for ships between Panama and Australia?
b. Whether the islands were suited for large-scale cotton production?
c. Would it be possible to stamp out the savage practices of the i-Taukei?
d. Would the acquisition of Fiji add to Britain’s power in the South Pacific?
e. Could the scattered European settlement be maintained?
f. What was the system of land tenure in Fiji?
g. Would the Fijians readily sell land to the Government and to individuals?

Who conduct the investigation on above situation

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Discuss the THE SMYTHE REPORT
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State two reasons why the offer of cession was rejected in 1862.
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Give two reasons why land ownership was a constant cause of conflict between
Fijians and Europeans.
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How did John Williams lose his property?
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Cession
Expedition

Shipwrecked
Intervention

MISSIONARY
GREAT FIJI RUSH

EXPLORER

RESOURCE INTERPRETATION

Cakobau’s flag - 1871

THE FAILURE OF CAKOBAU’S GOVERNMENT

By mid- 1873 Cakobau’s government collapsed due to the following reasons:
1. A failure to reach agreement among the subjects of the kingdom on how much Fijian
participation there should be in the government.
2. Participation of Europeans in the government
3. The Europeans in the government were not qualified either by experience or by
character to govern the country
4. Ministers spent money recklessly leaving the government in debt
In a paragraph discuss the failure of Cakobau’s government
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Place and environment

ACTIVITY
A. Study the Sovi Area and answer questions ( I ) – ( xi ).

i. Express the scale as a representative fraction.

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ii. In which direction is Vusa River flowing?
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iii. What is the height of point X?

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iv. Calculate the distance coversd by Sali road.
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v. Name two exports from Sovi area.

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 vi. Identify two uses of Vusa River.
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vii. State two outdoor activities that tourists could enjoy at Mali Resort.
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viii. State a problem faced by the people of Waci Village.

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ix. State a source of income for the people of Kito and Tuva Villages.
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x. State two social services provided at Mavu Town.

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xi. ( a ) Draw a cross- section from Point A to Point B.

( b ) Locate and label the following features on the cross-section.
1. Dalo farm 3. Tai Village
2. Forest area 4. Vusa River