Problem Solving in C LAB - 2021 2-1

I Sem. B.Sc.
– Computer Science - Problem Solving in C LAB
1. Write a program to check whether the given number is Armstrong or not.

2. Write a program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer.
3. Write a program to generate the first n terms of the Fibonacci sequence.
4. Write a program to find both the largest and smallest number in a list of integer values
5. Write a program to demonstrate reflection of parameters in swapping of two integer
values using Call by Value&Call by Address
6. Write a program that uses functions to add two matrices.
7. Write a program to calculate factorial of given integer value using recursive functions
8. Write a program for multiplication of two N X N matrices.
9. Write a program to perform various string operations.
10. Write a program to search an element in a given list of values.
11. Write a program to sort a given list of integers in ascending order.
12. Write a program to calculate the salaries of all employees using Employee (ID,
Name, Designation, Basic Pay, DA, HRA, Gross Salary, Deduction, Net Salary)
structure.
a. DA is 30 % of Basic Pay
b. HRA is 15% of Basic Pay
c. Deduction is 10% of (Basic Pay + DA)
d. Gross Salary = Basic Pay + DA+ HRA
e. Net Salary = Gross Salary - Deduction
13. Write a program to illustrate pointer arithmetic.
14. Write a program to read the data character by character from a file.
15. Write a program to createBook (ISBN,Title, Author, Price, Pages,
Publisher)structureand store book details in a file and perform the following operations
a. Add book details
b. Search a book details for a given ISBN and display book details, if available
c. Update a book details using ISBN
d. Delete book details for a given ISBN and display list of remaining Books
Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 1

1. Write a program to check whether the given number is Armstrong or not.
_________________________________________________________________
Definition of Arms Strong number :-
Armstrong number is a number that is equal to the sum of cubes of its digits.
Example :- 153
13+53+33 is equivalent to the entered number 153. So it is an Armstrong number.
______________________________________________________________________
Program
/* program to check whether the given number is Armstrong or not */
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int num,x,rem,sum=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter any Number \n");
scanf("%d",&num);
x=num;
while(num!=0)
{
rem=num%10;
sum+=rem*rem*rem;
num/=10;
}
if(sum==x)
printf("%d is an Armstrong number\n", x);
else
printf("%d is Not an Armstrong number\n", x);
}
Output
1.
Enter any Number
153
153 is an Armstrong number
2.

Enter any Number
352
352 is Not an Armstrong number
2. Write a program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer.

____________________________________________________________________
Definition :- if entered number is positive then perform the sum of individual digit of a
given number other display message as “entered number is negative”;
Example:-
Input number = 257
Sum = 2 + 5 +7
________________________________________________________________________
/* program to perform the sum of the given positive number */
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int num,x,rem,sum=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter any Number \n");
scanf("%d",&num);
x=num;
if(num>0)
{
while(num!=0)
{
rem=num%10;
sum+=rem;
num/=10;
}
printf("sum of the individual digit of %d is %d
\n",x,sum);
}
else
printf("%d is negative number\n", x);
}

Output
Enter any Number
257
sum of the individual digit of 257 is 14
3. Write a program to generate the first n terms of the Fibonacci sequence.
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int i, n, t1 = 0, t2 = 1, nextTerm = 0;
printf("Enter the number of terms: ");

scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Fibonacci Series: ");
for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)

{
/* Prints the first two terms.*/
if(i == 1)
{
printf("%d, ", t1);
continue;
}
if(i == 2)
{
printf("%d, ", t2);
continue;
}
nextTerm = t1 + t2;
t1 = t2;
t2 = nextTerm;
printf("%d, ", nextTerm);
}

}
Output
Enter the number of terms: 10
Fibonacci Series: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34
4. Write a program to find both the largest and smallest number in a list of integer values
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int a[50],size,i,big,small;
printf("\nEnter the size of the array: ");

scanf("%d",&size);
printf("\nEnter %d elements in to the array: ", size);
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
big=a[0];
for(i=1;i<size;i++){
if(big<a[i])
big=a[i];
}
printf("Largest element: %d",big);
small=a[0];
for(i=1;i<size;i++){
if(small>a[i])
small=a[i];
}
printf("Smallest element: %d",small);
return 0;
}
Sample Output:
Enter the size of the array: 4
Enter 4 elements in to the array: 2 7 8 1
Largest element: 8
Smallest element: 1

5. Write a program to demonstrate reflection of parameters in swapping of two integer
values using Call by Value&Call by Address.
swapping of two integer values using Call by Value
#include <stdio.h>
void swap(int, int); // function prototype
int main()
{
int a,b;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
printf("Before swapping\n");
printf("a = %d\n",a);
printf("b = %d\n",b);
swap(a,b); // function call by reference
printf("After swapping\n");
return 0;
}
void swap(int x, int y) // function definition

{
int temp;
temp = x;
x = y;
y = temp;
}
Output
Enter two numbers:
30
40
Before swapping
a = 30
b = 40
After swapping

a = 30
b = 40
swapping of two integer values using Call by Reference
#include <stdio.h>
void swap(int *, int *); // function prototype
int main()
{
int a,b;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
printf("Before swapping\n");
swap(&a,&b); // function call by reference
printf("After swapping\n");
return 0;
}
void swap(int *x, int *y) // function definition

{
int temp;
temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y = temp;
}
Output
Enter two numbers:
30
40
Before swapping
a = 30
b = 40
After swapping
a = 40
b = 30

6. Write a program that uses functions to add two matrices.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int r=0, c=0, a[100][100], b[100][100],i, j;
void addmatrices(int x[100][100],int y[100][100],int,int);
printf("Enter number of rows \n");

scanf("%d", &r);
printf("Enter number of columns \n");
scanf("%d", &c);
printf("\nEnter elements of 1st matrix:\n");
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)

for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
printf("Enter elements of 2nd matrix:\n");

for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
addmatrices(a,b,r,c);
return 0;
}
void addmatrices(int x[100][100],int y[100][100],

int r,int c)
{
int sum[100][100],i,j;
for(i=0;i<r;++i)
for(j=0;j<c;++j)
{
sum[i][j]=x[i][j]+y[i][j];
}
printf("\nSum of two matrix is: \n\n");
for(i=0;i<r;++i)
for(j=0;j<c;++j)
{

printf("%d ",sum[i][j]);
if(j==c-1)
{
printf("\n\n");
}
}
Output
Enter number of rows
2
Enter number of columns
2
Enter elements of 1st matrix:

10 20
30 40
Enter elements of 2nd matrix:
11
11
Sum of two matrix is:
11 21
31 41

7. Write a program to calculate factorial of given integer value using recursive functions.
#include<stdio.h>
int fact(int);
int main(){
int num,f;
printf("\nEnter a number: ");
scanf("%d",&num);
f=fact(num);
printf("\nFactorial of %d is: %d",num,f);
return 0;
}
int fact(int n){

if(n==1)
return 1;
else
return(n*fact(n-1));
}
output
Enter a number: 5
Factorial of 5 is: 120
8. Write a program for multiplication of two N X N matrices.

#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int m, n, p, q, c, d, k, sum = 0;
int first[10][10], second[10][10],
multiply[10][10];
printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of first

matrix\n");
scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
printf("Enter the elements of first matrix\n");
for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
for (d = 0; d < n; d++)
scanf("%d", &first[c][d]);
printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of

second

matrix\n");
scanf("%d%d", &p, &q);
if (n != p)
printf("Matrices with entered orders can't be
multiplied
with each other.\n");
else
{
printf("Enter the elements of second matrix\n");
for (c = 0; c < p; c++)
for (d = 0; d < q; d++)
scanf("%d", &second[c][d]);
for (c = 0; c < m; c++) {
for (d = 0; d < q; d++) {
for (k = 0; k < p; k++) {
sum = sum + first[c][k]*second[k][d];
}
multiply[c][d] = sum;
sum = 0;
}
}
printf("Product of entered matrices:-\n");
for (c = 0; c < m; c++) {

for (d = 0; d < q; d++)
printf("%d\t", multiply[c][d]);
printf("\n");
}
}
}
Output
Enter the number of rows and columns of first matrix

2
2
Enter the elements of first matrix
11
11
Enter the number of rows and columns of second matrix
2

2
Enter the elements of second matrix
11
11
Product of entered matrices:-
2 2
2 2
9. Write a program to perform various string operations.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
main()
{
char str1[100],str2[100],str3[100],str4[100];
clrscr();
printf("Enter string1 and string2 \n");
gets(str1);
gets(str2);
printf("Length of str1 = %d \t str2 =
%d\n",strlen(str1),strlen(str2));
printf("string comparison\n");
if(strcmp(str1,str2)==0)
printf("Both strings are equal\n");
else
printf("Both strings are not equal\n");
/* copying string1 to string3 */

strcpy(str3,str1);
printf("Copied string is %s\n\n", str3);
/*concatenating strings */
strcat(str3,str2);
printf("concatenated string is %s\n\n",str3);
/* reversing string */
strcpy(str4,strrev(str1));
printf("Reversed string is %s \n\n",str4);
}

Output
Enter string1 and string2
kvsr
college
Length of str1 = 4 str2 = 7
string comparison
Both strings are not equal
Copied string is kvsr
concatenated string is kvsrcollege
Reversed string is rsvk
10. Write a program to search an element in a given list of values.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a[100],n,i,pos=-1,val;
printf("Enter the size \n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter %d elements \n",n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
printf("Enter the number to search \n");
scanf("%d",&val);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(a[i]==val)
{
printf("Element found at %d\n",i+1);
pos=0;
}
}
if(pos==-1)
printf("Number not found");
}
Output
Enter the size
5
Enter 5 elements
10

20
30
40
50
Enter the number to search
20
Element found at 2
11. Write a program to sort a given list of integers in ascending order.
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 100
int main()
{
int array[MAX_SIZE];
int size;
int i, j, temp;
/* Input size of array */

printf("Enter size of array: ");
scanf("%d", &size);
/* Input elements in array */

printf("Enter elements in array: ");
for(i=0; i<size; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &array[i]);
}

{
/*
* Place the currently selected element array[i]
* to its correct place.
*/
for(j=i+1; j<size; j++)
{
/*
* Swap if currently selected array element
* is not at its correct position.
*/
if(array[i] > array[j])
{

temp = array[i];
array[i] = array[j];
array[j] = temp;
}
}
}
/* Print the sorted array */

printf("\nElements of array in sorted ascending
order: ");
{
printf("%d\t", array[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Output
Enter size of array: 5
Enter elements in array: 15
7
8
6
14
Elements of array in sorted ascending order: 6 7 8 14 15
12. Write a program to calculate the salaries of all employees using Employee (ID,
Name, Designation, Basic Pay, DA, HRA, Gross Salary, Deduction, Net Salary)
structure.
a. DA is 30 % of Basic Pay
b. HRA is 15% of Basic Pay
c. Deduction is 10% of (Basic Pay + DA)
d. Gross Salary = Basic Pay + DA+ HRA
e. Net Salary = Gross Salary - Deduction
#include<stdio.h>
struct employee
{
int id;
char name[35];

int basic;
float da,hra,gs,ded,ns;
}emp[100];
void main()
{
int ch=0,i=0,j=0;
clrscr();
do
{
printf("Enter Employee Id,name,baic \n");
scanf("%d",&emp[i].id);
flushall();
gets(emp[i].name);
flushall();
scanf("%d",&emp[i].basic);
emp[i].da=emp[i].basic*30.0/100.0;
emp[i].hra=emp[i].basic*15.0/100.0;
emp[i].ded=(emp[i].basic+emp[i].da)*10.0/100.0;
emp[i].gs=emp[i].basic+emp[i].da+emp[i].hra;
emp[i].ns=emp[i].gs-emp[i].ded;
i++;
printf("Do you want contiue pre 1 to continue, 0-to
exit\n");
scanf("%d",&ch);
}while(ch==1);
printf("Emplyee details are \n");
for(;j<i;j++)
{
printf("Employee %d details are\n",j+1);
printf("Employee ID = %d\n",emp[j].id);
printf("Employee Name=%s\n",emp[j].name);
printf("Basic Pay=%d\n",emp[j].basic);
printf("Da=%f\n",emp[j].da);
printf("Hra=%f\n",emp[j].hra);
printf("Gross Salary=%f\n",emp[j].gs);
printf("Deductions =%f\n",emp[j].ded);
printf("Nest Salary=%f\n",emp[j].ns);

}
}
Output
13. Write a program to illustrate pointer arithmetic.
Incrementing a Pointer
#include <stdio.h>
const int MAX = 3;
int main () {
int var[] = {10, 100, 200};

int i, *ptr;
/* let us have array address in pointer */

ptr = var;
for ( i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {
printf("Address of var[%d] = %x\n", i, ptr );

printf("Value of var[%d] = %d\n", i, *ptr );
/* move to the next location */

ptr++;
}

return 0;
}
Output
Address of var[0] = bf882b30
Value of var[0] = 10
Decrementing a Pointer
#include <stdio.h>
const int MAX = 3;
int main () {
int var[] = {10, 100, 200};

int i, *ptr;
/* let us have array address in pointer */

ptr = &var[MAX-1];
for ( i = MAX; i > 0; i--) {
printf("Address of var[%d] = %x\n", i-1, ptr );

printf("Value of var[%d] = %d\n", i-1, *ptr );
/* move to the previous location */

ptr--;
}
return 0;
}
Output
Address of var[2] = bfedbcd8

14. Write a program to read the data character by character from a file.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char ch;
FILE *f1;
f1=fopen("abc.txt","r");
if(f1==NULL)
printf("File not found \n");
else
{
printf("The content of file is \n");
while((ch=fgetc(f1))!=EOF)
{
printf("%c",ch);
}
}
Fclose(f1);
}
OUTPUT
Note :- Before executing above program, first you need to create abc.txt file and save it in
C:\Turboc2\ - directory
15. Write a program to create Book (ISBN,Title, Author, Price, Pages,

Publisher)structure and store book details in a file and perform the following
operations
a. Add book details
b. Search a book details for a given ISBN and display book details, if available
c. Update a book details using ISBN
d. Delete book details for a given ISBN and display list of remaining Books.
e. Displaying book details.
#include<stdio.h>
struct book
{
char title[35],author[35],publisher[30];
int isbn,pages,price;
}b,b1;
FILE *f1;
void search(void);
void update(void);
void delete1(void);
void add(void);
void display(void);
void main()
{
char ch='y',opt;
f1=fopen("book1.txt","w");
clrscr();
do
{
printf("a. Add book details \n");
printf("b. Search a book details for a given ISBN and
display book details,if available\n");
printf("c. Update a book details using ISBN \n");
printf("d. Delete book details for a given ISBN and display
list of remaining Books \n");
printf("e. disply \n");
printf("Enter your choice a/b/c/d/e press enter key to exit
\n");
flushall();
scanf("%c",&opt);

switch(opt)
{
case 'a': add();
break;
case 'b': search();

break;
case 'c': update();

break;
case 'd': delete1();

break;
case 'e': display();

break;
default: printf("Exit from record operation \n");
break;
}
printf("Do you want to continue y/n \n");
scanf("%c",&ch);
}while(ch!='n');
}
void add(void)
{
f1=fopen("book1.txt","r+");
fseek(f1,0L,SEEK_END);
printf("Enter the ISBN Number,title,author, price, pages &
publisher \n");
scanf("%d",&b.isbn);
flushall();
gets(b.title);
gets(b.author);
flushall();
scanf("%d",&b.price);
scanf("%d",&b.pages);
flushall();

gets(b.publisher);
fwrite(&b,sizeof(b),1,f1);
fclose(f1);
}
void display(void)
{
f1=fopen("book1.txt","r");
clrscr();
printf("Entered book details are \n");
if(f1==NULL)
{
printf("File not found");
exit(1);
}
while(fread(&b,sizeof(b),1,f1)==1)
{
printf("ISBN number =%d \n", b.isbn);
printf("Title = %s \n",b.title);
printf("Author = %s \n",b.author);
printf("Price = %d \n",b.price);
printf("Pages = %d \n",b.pages);
printf("Publisher = %s\n",b.publisher);
}
fclose(f1);
}
void search(void)
{
int isbn1;
int pos=-1;
f1=fopen("book1.txt","r");
clrscr();
printf("Entered isbn to search book details are \n");
scanf("%d",&isbn1);
if(f1==NULL)

{
exit(1);
}
rewind(f1);
{
if(b.isbn==isbn1)
{
pos=0;
printf("ISBN number =%d \n", b.isbn);
printf("Title = %s \n",b.title);
printf("Author = %s \n",b.author);
printf("Price = %d \n",b.price);
printf("Pages = %d \n",b.pages);
printf("Publisher = %s\n",b.publisher);
}
}
if(pos==-1)
printf("File Not found \n");
fclose(f1);
}
void update(void)
{
FILE *f2=fopen("book2.txt","w+");
int isbn1,pos=-1;
clrscr();
printf("Enter isbn to update book details are \n");
scanf("%d",&isbn1);
if(f1==NULL)
{
exit(1);
}

rewind(f1);
{
if(b.isbn==isbn1)
{
pos=0;
printf("Enter the ISBN Number,title,author, price, pages &
publisher \n");
scanf("%d",&b.isbn);
flushall();
gets(b.title);
gets(b.author);
flushall();
scanf("%d",&b.price);
scanf("%d",&b.pages);
flushall();
gets(b.publisher);
}
else
{
}
}
fclose(f1);
f1=fopen("book1.txt","w+");
rewind(f2);
{
}
if(pos==-1)
printf("File Not found to delete \n");
fclose(f1); fclose(f2);
}
void delete1(void)
{

FILE *f2=fopen("book2.txt","w+");
int isbn1,pos=-1;
clrscr();
printf("Enter isbn to delete book details are \n");
scanf("%d",&isbn1);
if(f1==NULL)
{
exit(1);
}
rewind(f1);
{
if(b.isbn==isbn1)
{
pos=0;
}
else
{
}
}
fclose(f1);
f1=fopen("book1.txt","w+");
rewind(f2);
{
}
if(pos==-1)
printf("File Not found to delete \n");
fclose(f1); fclose(f2);
}

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I Sem. B.Sc.

– Computer Science - Problem Solving in C LAB

1. Write a program to check whether the given number is Armstrong or not.

13. Write a program to illustrate pointer arithmetic.

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 1

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 2

2. Write a program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer.

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 3

3. Write a program to generate the first n terms of the Fibonacci sequence.

printf("Enter the number of terms: ");

printf("Fibonacci Series: ");

for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 4

printf("\nEnter the size of the array: ");

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 5

swapping of two integer values using Call by Value

void swap(int x, int y) // function definition

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 6

swapping of two integer values using Call by Reference

void swap(int *x, int *y) // function definition

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 7

printf("Enter number of rows \n");

printf("\nEnter elements of 1st matrix:\n");

for(i=0; i<r; ++i)

printf("Enter elements of 2nd matrix:\n");

void addmatrices(int x[100][100],int y[100][100],

printf("\nSum of two matrix is: \n\n");

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 8

Enter elements of 1st matrix:

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 9

int fact(int n){

8. Write a program for multiplication of two N X N matrices.

printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of first

printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 10

printf("Product of entered matrices:-\n");

for (c = 0; c < m; c++) {

Enter the number of rows and columns of first matrix

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 11

/* copying string1 to string3 */

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 12

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 13

/* Input size of array */

/* Input elements in array */

for(i=0; i<size; i++)

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 14

/* Print the sorted array */

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 15

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 16

13. Write a program to illustrate pointer arithmetic.

const int MAX = 3;

int var[] = {10, 100, 200};

/* let us have array address in pointer */

for ( i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {

printf("Address of var[%d] = %x\n", i, ptr );

/* move to the next location */

Prepared by S.H. Khaseem M.C.A., M.B.A., Lecturer in Computer Science,KVSRDC, 9010797739 17

const int MAX = 3;

int var[] = {10, 100, 200};

/* let us have array address in pointer */

for ( i = MAX; i > 0; i--) {

printf("Address of var[%d] = %x\n", i-1, ptr );

void swap(int x, int y) // function definition