CHAPTER IV

DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION

Quantitative data analysis is the process in which we move from the raw data
that have been collected as part of the research study and use it to provide
explanations, understanding and interpretation of the phenomena, people and
situation about which the researcher studied.

This survey conducted in Dombivli with the help of a structured questionnaire.

The analysis of survey is examined in this chapter. It has been done with the
specific objectives once proposed in the statement of the problem.
The analysis was done according to the order of the specific objectives. I had
taken each objective and the questions pertaining to the correspondent variable
and the statistical data was presented by using the graphs and pie charts. Each
graphical representation was analysed in detail and examined in view of the
specific objective.
The socio economic profile of the respondents on the basis of age, education,
and occupation, and daily income, number of family members, marital status,
health condition and family background were studied. While analysing these
factors the researcher try to understand the livelihood challenges faced by the
victims.
GENERAL DETAILS

1. EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

Education Frequency Percentage

Below Matriculation 16 40
Matriculation 12 30
HSC 12 30
Total 40 100
Table no.01 Educational qualification
From the above table we can observed that 16 respondents having bellow
matriculation, 12 persons done their matriculation and 12 persons done their
HSC and equivalent.

Educational Qualification
40%

30% 30%

Below Matriculation Matriculation HSC

Graph No.01 Educational Qualification

Above graph depicts the educational qualification of the respondents. The

majority of 40 % are bellow matriculation and 30 % of the respondents have
done their matriculation and HSC and equivalent.
 2. AGE OF RESPONDENTS

Age Frequency Percentage

18-25 2 5
25-35 16 40
35-50 16 40
Above 50 6 15
Total 40 100
Table no.02 Age of respondents
Above table shows that the age group of respondents. The 18-25 age group
having 2 persons majority of peoples having age between 25-35 and 35-50 both
16 persons each and 6 persons having age above 50.

Age
40% 40%

15%

5%

18-25 25-35 35-50 Above 50

Graph No. 02 Age of Respondents

Above graph shows the percentage of age group of respondents. 5%
respondents having age between 18-25 years and 40% respondent having age
between 25-35 and 35-50 years both respectively while 15% of respondents
having age above 50 years.
 3. ANNUAL INCOME

Annual income Frequency Percentage

150000-160000 12 30
180000-200000 20 50
200000-250000 8 20
Total 40 100
Table no.03 Annual Income
The above table shows that the annual income of the rickshaw pullers out of
Rickshaw pullers having annual income between 150000-160000 rupees,
majority of people i.e. 20 peoples having 180000-200000 rupees annual income
while 8 people having 200000-250000 rupees.

Annual income
50%

30%

20%

150000-160000 180000-200000 200000-250000

Graph No.03 Annual Income

Above graph shows the annual income of rickshaw pullers in percentage
majority of rickshaw pullers having annual income of 180000-200000 i.e. 50%,
20 % peoples having 200000-250000 and 30% peoples having annual income of
150000-180000 rupees
 4. MARITAL STATUS

Marital status Frequency Percentage

Married 36 90
Unmarried 4 10
Total 40 100
Table no.04 marital status
Above table shows the marital status of the auto rickshaw pullers. 36 out of 40
respondents are married while 4 respondents said that they are unmarried.

Marital Status

10%

Married
Unmarried

90%

Graph No.04 Marital Status

Above Graph shows that 90% respondents are married while 10% respondents
are unmarried.
 5. NO. OF MEMBERS IN FAMILY

No. of Members in family Frequency Percentage

1 to 2 2 5%
3 to 4 18 45%
4 to 5 14 35%
Above 5 6 15%
Total 40 100%
Table no.05 No. of Members in family
In the above table it is seen that among the 40 respondents, most of them i.e. 18
of the respondents are having a family structure consist of 3-4 members, next 14
of them are having 4-5 members. 6 of the respondents are having a family
members more than 5 members and 2 person said that they are having 1-2
members in their family.

No. of Members in Family

45%

35%

15%

5%

1 to 2 3 to 4 4 to 5 Above 5

Graph No.05 No. of Members in family

In the above graph it is seen that among the 40 respondents, most of them i.e.
45% of the respondents are having a family structure consist of 3-4 members,
next 35% of them are having 4-5 members. 15% of the respondents are having
more than 5 members in the family and 5% respondents are having 1 or 2
members in the family.

6. RELIGION

Religion Frequency Percentage

Hindu 30 75%
Muslim 2 5%
Buddhist 8 20%
Total 40 100%
Table no.06 Religion
Above table shows the religion of the respondents out of 40 respondent’s
majority of i.e. 30 respondents are Hindu and 2 respondents are Muslim and 8
respondents are Buddhist as their religion.

Religion

20%
Hindu
Muslim
5% Buddhist

75%

Graph no.06 Religion

Above graph shows that majority of 75% of respondents are having Hindu as
their religion. 20% respondents are Buddhist and 5% respondents are Muslim.

7. CAST

Cast Frequency Percentage

Open 22 55%
SC 10 25%
ST 2 5%
OBC 6 15%
Total 40 100%
Table no.07 Cast
Above Table shows the cast of the respondents. Out of 40 respondents 22
respondents are in Open category, 10 respondents are in SC category, 2
respondents are in ST category while 6 respondents are in OBC category.

Cast
55%

25%

15%

5%

Open SC ST OBC

Graph no. 07 Cast

Above graph shows the percentage of cast of auto rickshaw pullers. Majority
55% respondents are in open category, 25% respondents are in SC category, 5%
respondents are in ST category and 15% respondents are in OBC category.
 8. STATUS OF OCCUPATION

Permanent Occupation Frequency Percentage

Yes 36 90%
No 4 10%
Total 40 100.00%
Table no. 08 Status of Occupation
From the above table we observed that majority of 36 persons having auto
rickshaw driving as their permanent occupation while 4 persons having some
other business to run as they drive auto rickshaw as a part time occupation.

Permamant Occupation

10%

Yes
No

90%

Graph No.08 Status of Occupation

In auto rickshaw driving, there is no fixed rate for drivers and it depends upon
the number of passengers, change in fuel price etc. So many people consider
auto rickshaw driving as a part time job. Above graph depicts the status of
occupation, which means that whether the job is permanent or not. 90% of the
respondents said that it is their permanent occupation and the primary means of
their livelihood and 10 % of the auto drivers said that they are not permanent in
their occupation.

9. EXPERIENCE IN OCCUPATION

Experience in Occupation Frequency Percentage

0-5 Years 8 20%
6-10 Years 12 30%
11-15 Years 10 25%
Above 15 Years 10 25%
Total 40 100%
Table no. 09 Experience of Occupation
Due to the fluctuating hike rates, poor living standards and less profit, the
people does not find auto rickshaw driving as a stable job for them. From the
above table we can observed that 8 persons having 0-5 years as their experience
in driving auto rickshaw , 12 persons having 6-10 years , 10 persons having 11-
15 years and 10 persons having more than 15 years of experience in driving
auto rickshaw.

Experience In Occupation
30%

25% 25%

20%

0-5 Years 6-10 Years 11-15 Years Above 15 Years

Graph No.09 Experience in Occupation

Above graph shows the years that they are doing the job.25% of the people
having experience above 15 years. 30 % of the people doing this job of about 6-
10 years and 25 % of the people in this field of about 11-15 years and 20%
people having 0-5 years of experience in this field.

10.AVERAGE WORKING DAYS IN WEEK

Average Working Days in Week Frequency Percentage

5 Days 4 10%
6 Days 4 10%
7 Days 32 80%
Total 40 100%
Table no.10 Average Working Days in Week
Above table shows that the average working days in a week. Most of the
respondents working all 7 days in week i.e. 32 persons, and 4 respondents said
that they work 5 days and 4 persons working 6 days.

Average Working Days in Week

80%

10% 10%

5 Days 6 Days 7 Days

Graph no.10 Average Working Days in Week

Above graph shows that most of the respondents i.e. 80% respondent working
all 7 days of week while 10% respondents work 5 and 6 days both respectively.
11. AVERAGE WORKING HOURS IN A DAY

Average working hours in a Day Frequency Percentage

8 Hrs 4 10%
10 Hrs 22 55%
12 Hrs 12 30%
More 2 5%
Total 40 100
Table no.11 Average Working hours in day
Above table shows that the average working hours in a day. 22 respondents said
that they work 10 hours in a day, 12 respondents said that they work 12 hours in
a day, 4 respondents said they work 8 hrs while 2 respondents said that they
work more than 12 hours in a day. In the survey, we collected information on
the reason for taking days off. The most frequent answer was to take time off
for rest, followed by sickness. Thus, the non-working days for these rickshaw
pullers are not always spent on leisure. Their daily schedule starts at 8 am and
ends at 8-9 pm.
 Average Working Hours In a Day
55%

30
%

10%
5%

8 Hrs 10 Hrs 12 Hrs More

Graph no.11 Average Working hours in day

Above graph shows that the average working hours in day. 55% respondents
said that they work 10 hrs in a day, 30% respondents works 12 hrs in a day, 10
% respondents works 8 hrs in a day while 5% respondents works more than 12
hrs in a day. They get several passengers during peak hours. However, most
drivers have long waiting hours during the non-peak traffic periods of the day.
Several drivers work the night shift, running lesser rides, but making almost the
same amount of money through additional night charges, exorbitant fares, and
shared and non-shared trips.

12.DRIVER TYPE OWNER OR RENTED

Driver Type Frequency Percentage

Owner 28 70

Rented 12 30
 Total 40 100
Table no.12 Type of driver

In the above table it seen that the 28 out of 40 respondents have their own e-
rickshaws, and the rest 12 are earning their income through the rental basis. The
rental rickshaw pullers have to pay an amount to their rickshaw owners.

Driver Type

30%
Owner
Rented

70%

Graph no.12 Type of Driver

From the above graph it seen that the 70% of the respondents have their own
auto rickshaw, and the rest 30% are earning their income through the rental
basis.

13.RENT GIVEN TO THE OWNERS

Rent Given to owner Frequency Percentage

200-250 10 25%
250-280 2 5%
280-300 2 5%
 Missing 26 65%
Total 40 100%
Table no.13 Rent given to owners

From the above table we can conclude that 10 persons pay rent up to 200-250 to
the owner and 2 persons pay 250-280 while same number of people pay 280-
300 rupees rent to the owner remaining 26 persons not paying any rent as they
are having their own vehicle.

Rent given to owners

25% 200-250
250-280
280-300
Missing
5%
65% 5%

Graph No.13 Rent given to owners

The issues of less income, profit and poor living standards can be caused as the
vehicle is taken for rent and the drivers have to pay the rent from their income
to the owners. Above graph shows that 25% of the people gives 200-250 rupees
to the owners and 5% of the people have to give 250-280 and 280-300 rupees to
the auto owners. 65 % of the respondent having their own auto rickshaws.
 14. SATISFACTION WITH OCCUPATION

Satisfaction with Occupation Frequency Percentage

Yes 20 50%
Moderate 18 45%
Not at all 2 5%
Total 40 100%
Table no. 14 Satisfaction with Occupation

From the above table we observed that 20 persons are satisfied with their
Occupation of driving auto rickshaw and 18 persons are moderate about their
satisfaction and 2 persons are not satisfied with this occupation.

Satisfied With Occupation

50%
45%

5%

Yes moderate Not at all

Graph No.14 Satisfaction with Occupation

Above graph depicts that 50 % of the people are satisfied with their income and
they can satisfy their needs with that income. 45% of the respondents are having
moderate opinion and 5 % people are not satisfied with that minimal income.
They say that they won‘t be able to satisfy their needs and ensure good health
and standard of living of the family members. Sometimes they won‘t be able to
deal with some expenses related to treatment and so on.
 15.LEISURE TIME WITH FAMILY

Time spent with family Frequency Percentage

Yes 38 95
No 2 5
Total 40 100
Table no.15 Time spent with family
From the above table we observed that 38 persons giving enough time to their
family while 2 persons said that they worked in irregular timing so that they
cannot give enough time to their family.

Time Spent With Family

5%

Yes
No

95%

Graph No.15 Time spent with family

From the above graph we can understand that 95% of auto drivers feel that they
get to spend enough time with their families. 5% of auto drivers cannot find
time to spend with their families.

16. WELFARE MEASURES FROM GOVERNMENT

Welfare measures from Government Frequency Percentage
Yes 6 15
No 34 85
Total 40 100
Table no. 16 Welfare measures received from Government

From the above table we can conclude that 6 persons said that they have
received the government welfare services like loans and other subsidies and 34
persons said that they have not received any measures from the government.

Wellfare measures from Government

15%

yes
no

85%

Graph No.16 Welfare measures from Government

Graph shows that 85 % of the people respondent that the government had given
welfare measures to the auto drivers for their wellbeing and 15% of the
respondents said that there were no provision for the welfare measures and they
don‘t get any welfare measures from the government. But majority said that
there are not any welfare measures for them. Some of the respondents are not
aware of those provisions.

17. LOAN STATUS

Having Loan Frequency Percentage

Yes 14 35
No 26 65
Total 40 100
Table No.17 Loan Status
Above table shows that the loan taken by the respondents. 14 respondents out of
40 said that they have taken the loan for their personal work and 26 persons said
that they have not taken any loans but willing to get loan.
 Having Loan

35% Yes
No

65%

Graph No.17 Loan Status

Above graph shows that 65% of respondents said that they have taken the loan
and 35% said that they have not taken any loan.

18.INCREASE IN FUEL PRICE AND ITS EFFECT ON AUTO

CHARGE

Effect of Increasing Fuel Price on auto

charges Frequency Percentage
Yes 26 65
No 14 35
Total 40 100
Table no.18 Effect of Increasing Fuel Price on auto charges
The first and most common problem faced by the respondents in the hike is the

price of fuel. With the increase in price of the CNG, the livelihood of these

drivers is adversely affected.

From the above table it is shown that 26 respondents out of 40 said that

increasing fuel price will affect the auto charges and 14 respondents said

increasing fuel will not effect on the auto charges.

Effect of Increasing Fuel Price on auto charges

35% yes
No

65%

Graph No.18 Effect of Increasing Fuel Price on auto charges.

Figure shows that 65 % of the respondents said there is an increase in the fuel
price led to the increase in the auto charge. And the 35% of the respondent said
that there is no increase in the auto charge when the price of the fuel increases.
65 % of respondents ‘gave the opinion that there is an equal proportion and
correlation between the fuel price and the auto charges. The passengers who are
frequently travels in auto refuse to pay more money when the fuel price
increases. So that 35% of the people said that there will not be an increase in the
auto charge when there is an increase in fuel price.

19.EFFECT DUE TO THE INCREASE OF ONLINE TAXI

 Affecting online Taxi services Frequency Percentage
Yes 20 50
No 20 50
Total 40 100
Table no.19 Effect of online taxi on Income

The arrival of online taxi is one of the major problems that the present day auto
rickshaw drivers are facing. The online taxi companies provide many benefits
and offers for the passengers which made large increase in this mode of
transportation and it negatively affects the auto rickshaw drivers.
From the above table it is shown that 20 out of 40 respondents said that
increasing online taxi services affecting their income and 20 respondents said
there is no effect of online taxi on their income
 EFFECT DUE TO THE INCREASE OF ONLINE TAXI

yes
No
50% 50%

Graph No.19 Effect of Increasing online taxi services on

income.

Figure 6 depicts that 50% of the people opined that there is an adverse effect in
the income due to the increase of online taxi services. Customers thought to
choose online taxi rather than auto. 50 % of the people said that they do not feel
any change in the earnings due to the increase in online taxi.

20. EFFECT IN INCOME DUE TO THE HIKE IN THE VEHICLE

TAX

Affecting Increasing Tax on income Frequency Percentage

Highly 2 5%
Moderate 24 60%
Not at all 14 35%
 Total 40 100%

Table no.20 Effect of increasing vehicle tax on income.

From the above table it is concluded that 2 respondents out of 40 said that
increasing vehicle tax will affect their income while 24 respondents said that
there will be moderate effect on income and 14 respondents said that increasing
vehicle tax not affecting their income.

Affecting Increasing Tax

65%

35%

5%

Highly Moderate Not at all

Graph No.20 Effect of increasing vehicle tax on income.

Vehicle tax and insurance are very essential for auto drivers. The variations of
these taxes affect the job of auto drivers. These variations affect their lifestyle,
income, financial status etc.
From the above graph we can understand that 5 % of the people said that there
is high effect on income by hike in the vehicle tax and 60% of the people
noticed there is moderate effect on income by increasing vehicle tax .35% of the
people said that there is not much effect in the income due to the hike of the
vehicle tax.

21.HEALTH PROBLEMS

Health Issues Frequency Percentage

Yes 26 65
No 14 35
Total 40 100
Table no.21 Health issues affected

The auto rickshaw drivers spend most of their time driving in a stable position
and this can make them fatigue and cause related health issues. The issues like
leg and body pain, haemorrhoids, severe headache are the most common health
issues with the auto drivers.
From the above table we can observed that 26 respondents out of 40 having
health issues while driving auto rickshaw and 14 respondents said that they have
no health issues.
 Health Issues affected

35%

65%

Graph No. 21 Health Issues affected.

The above graph helps us understand that 65 percentages of auto drivers suffer
from health problems, while 35 percentages of auto drivers are not affected by
any health problems.

22.TYPES OF HEALTH ISSUES

Types of Health Issue Frequency Percentage

Piles 6 15
Back Pain 17 42.5
Leg Pain 9 22.5
BP 5 12.5
Other 3 7.5
Total 40 100
Table no.22 Types of Health issues

From the above table we observed that respondents having health issues while
driving auto rickshaw. 6 respondents said that they are having piles problem,
majority of 17 respondents said that they are having back pain, 9 respondents
said that they are having leg pain, 5 respondents said that they are having Blood
Pressure issue and 3 respondents said that they are having other issues like eye,
headache, body pain etc.

Types of Health Isuues

42.5%

22.5%

15%
12.5%
7.5%

Piles Back Pain Leg Pain BP Other

Graph No. 22 Types of Health Issues.

The above graph depicts that health issues faced by auto drivers in which 42.5%
of respondent say that they are affected with back pain, 22.5% of respondent
react that they have leg pain, 15% of respondents say that they are affected piles
as a major problem and 12.5% of respondents say that they have blood pressure
and 7.5% of respondents say that they have other health related issues.

23.STATUS OF TREATMENT

Status of treatment Frequency Percentage

Yes 4 10
Some times 18 45
Rarely 18 45
 Total 40 100
Table no.23 Status of Treatment
Above table shows that 4 respondents were taking the treatment on regular basis
while 18 respondents said that they take treatment sometimes and rarely both.

Status of treatment

10%
yes
some times
45% rarely

45%

Graph No23. Status of treatment

Graph depicts that 10 % of the people had taken treatment for their health issues
regularly and 45 % of the respondents said that they didn‘t taken any treatment
for their health issues. 45% of the people stated that they take treatment
sometimes but not frequently.