Unit 1 Fundamentals of IT Level 3 January 2019

IT
Unit 1, Fundamentals of IT (Level 3), January 2019

Ashley Vallally-Godfrey
Please note that you may see slight differences between
this paper and the original.
Duration: 90 mins
Candidates answer on the Question paper.
OCR supplied materials:

Additional resources may be supplied with this paper.
Other materials required:

• Pencil
• Ruler (cm/mm)
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes above. Please write clearly and in capital letters.
• Use black ink. HB pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only.
• Answer all the questions, unless your teacher tells you otherwise.
• Read each question carefully. Make sure you know what you have to do before starting your answer.
• Where space is provided below the question, please write your answer there.
• You may use additional paper, or a specific Answer sheet if one is provided, but you must clearly show your candidate
number, centre number and question number(s).
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

• The quality of written communication is assessed in questions marked with either a pencil or an asterisk. In History and
Geography a Quality of extended response question is marked with an asterisk, while a pencil is used for questions in
which Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology is assessed.
• The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
• The total number of marks for this paper is 80.
• The total number of marks may take into account some 'either/or' question choices.
© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 1 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

1. Put a tick (✓) in the box next to the one correct answer.
Which of the following is an input device?
(a) Barcode reader
(b) Headphones
(c) Printer
(d) Speaker
[1]
Which of the following is safe to remove whilst a laptop is running?
(a) External hard drive
(b) Hard drive
(c) RAM
(d) ROM
[1]

Which of the following is an example of a port?
(a) SAS
(b) SATA
(c) SCSI
(d) SMS
[1]

Which of the following connection technologies requires line of sight?
(a) Bluetooth
(b) GSM
(c) Laser
(d) WiFi
[1]

Which of the following is not part of the Internet of Things?
(a) Smart bulb
(b) Smart iron
(c) Smart refrigerator
(d) Smart thermostat
[1]

Which of the following is an example of an engine management system in a car?
(a) Embedded
(b) Freeware
(c) Off the shelf
(d) Open source
[1]

Which of the following is part of an Integrated Design Environment (IDE) that converts instructions into machine
code?
(a) Compiler
(b) Debugger
(c) Interpreter
(d) Text editor
[1]

Which of the following best describes a personal computer (PC) used at home?
(a) Multiuser multitasking
(b) Multiuser single application
(c) Single user multitasking
(d) Single user single application
[1]

Which communication method would be most appropriate for discussing a new plane design?
(a) Email
(b) Instant messaging
(c) Teleconference
(d) Video conference
[1]

Which of the following is not a feature of an Internet Protocol (IP)?
(a) Forwarding packets to individual computers.
(b) Putting packets back together in order.
(c) Sending packets to the Domain.
(d) Sending packets to the Gateway.
[1]

Complete the following sentence:

_________ virtualisation typically uses a mixture of private and public cloud services.
(a) Client
(b) Hybrid
(c) Server
(d) Storage
[1]

Which of the following is an element of a Class C network that will default to 255.255.255.0?
(a) Default gateway
(b) Host IP address
(c) Local IP address
(d) Subnet mask
[1]

Complete the following sentence:

A token ring network is an example of a ______________ .
(a) LAN
(b) MAN
(c) PSTN
(d) WAN
[1]

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an ADSL connection?
(a) Faster upload than download rate
(b) Fibre optic connection
(c) Microfilter installed on the line
(d) Simultaneous voice and data connection
[1]

Which of the following is not a common characteristic of helpdesk software?
(a) Sales ordering process
(b) Service level agreement
(c) Technician assignment
(d) Ticketing
[1]

16(a) Monty Bella Retail operates five retail parks throughout the UK. After years of underinvestment, the information
. technology (IT) of the company is aging and is no longer fit for purpose.
Monty Bella Retail has decided to move its IT infrastructure from its own data centre to the Cloud using public
cloud providers. Monty Bella Retail also wants to upgrade all IT in its retail parks.
Monty Bella Retail would like to use technology to improve the customer experience whilst shopping. Each retail
park will feature similar equipment to allow data about customers, their purchases and shopping habits to be
shared amongst the business. Shoppers will also be tracked as they move through the retail parks. This
information will be used for marketing purposes, to create promotions and to ensure the items that shoppers are
looking for can be easily located.
Monty Bella Retail would like to track shoppers as they move through the retail parks using wireless
technologies.
Identify and describe two wireless technologies that could be used to track shoppers as they move through the
retail parks.
[4]

(b). Data about the habits and location of shoppers must be kept secure.
Identify and describe two digital security methods that could be used to keep the data secure.
[6]

17. Monty Bella Retail operates five retail parks throughout the UK. After years of underinvestment, the information
technology (IT) of the company is aging and is no longer fit for purpose.
Monty Bella Retail has decided to use virtualisation technologies to replace hardware in its data centre.
* Discuss, using examples, the benefits and limitations to Monty Bella Retail of using virtualisation technologies.

[10]

Shops in each retail park are all connected to a wired Local Area Network (LAN).
Identify one piece of communications hardware needed to create a wired LAN.
[1]
(b). Describe two ways Monty Bella Retail could use a wired LAN in its retail parks.
[4]

(c). Describe one protocol that could be used on the wired LAN.
[2]

Monty Bella Retail uses productivity software to manage its business.
Explain, using examples, three types of productivity software Monty Bella Retail could use to manage its
business.

[9]

IT staff at Monty Bella Retail must give a presentation to justify the use of new IT to the senior management
team.
Explain why the appropriate use of language is important when justifying the use of new IT to the senior
management team.
[2]

(b). Identify and describe two communication skills, other than appropriate use of language, IT staff should consider
when justifying the use of new IT to the senior management team.
[4]

(c). Identify and describe two ways IT staff can demonstrate that they are ready for work.
[6]

* Discuss the operational issues Monty Bella Retail should consider when moving its IT infrastructure to public
cloud providers.

[10]

Monty Bella Retail uses a Management Information System (MIS) and a Customer Relationship Management
(CRM) system.
Explain the purpose of MIS and CRM systems.
MIS
CRM
[6]

(b). Monty Bella Retail uses a web server to host its web site.
Identify one other type of server Monty Bella Retail could use.
[1]
END OF QUESTION PAPER

Mark Scheme
Question Answer/Indicative content Marks Guidance
1 A Barcode reader 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well. Very few candidates gave

an incorrect response.
Total 1
2 A External hard drive 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well although some candidates

selected (b).
Total 1
3 B SATA 1 Examiner’s Comments
Mainly answered well with some

candidates choosing (c).
Total 1
4 C Laser 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well.
Total 1
5 B Smart iron 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well.
Total 1
6 A Embedded 1 Examiner’s Comments
Candidates chose a range of different

answers.
Total 1
7 A Compiler 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well.
Total 1
8 C Single user multitasking 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well.
Total 1

Mark Scheme
9 D Video conference 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well.
Total 1
10 D Sending packets to the Gateway 1 Examiner’s Comments
Accessed by very few candidates.
Total 1
11 B Hybrid 1 Examiner’s Comments
Total 1
12 D Subnet mask 1 Examiner’s Comments
Total 1
13 A LAN 1 Examiner’s Comments
Answered well.
Total 1
14 A Faster upload than download rate 1 Examiner’s Comments
Many candidates chose (b).
Total 1
15 A Sales ordering process 1 Examiner’s Comments
Not answered well, possible negative in the

question ignored by some candidates.
Total 1

Mark Scheme
16 a Possible wireless technologies that could 4 1st Mark – Identification of wireless

be used to track shoppers as they move technology.
through the retail parks include: 2nd Mark – Description of the wireless
technology
Bluetooth (1st) pairs devices (within
10m radius) of a receiver (1) The wireless technology must be correct to
WiFi (1st) can track the user and map enable marks for the description to be
which router connected to (1) awarded.
NFC (1st) showing where payment is
made by contactless readers (1) NOT cameras
RFID (1st) in store card/bag/trolley (1)
Any other valid suggestion. Examiner’s Comments
Candidates were asked to identify and
describe two wireless technologies that
could be used to track shoppers. Whilst
many candidates could identify one or two
wireless technologies few could give a
description of how they would enable the
shoppers to be tracked and so received 2
out of a possible 4 marks.
b Possible digital security methods that could 6 1st Mark – Identification of digital security
be used to keep the data secure include: method.
2nd and 3rd Mark – Description of digital
Anti-Virus (1st) to scan and remove security method.
virus (1) that could create a weakness
that can allow access system (1) The digital security method must be correct
Firewalls (1st) to block access to to enable marks for the description to be
unauthorised packets (1) so that data awarded.
cannot be accessed (1)
Anti-Spyware (1st) to prevent spyware Do not accept VPN
(1) so that the system cannot be
monitored (1) Examiner’s Comments
Username/Passwords/Authentication Candidates were asked to identify and
(1st) so only authorised users can log describe two digital security methods.
on (1) reducing the chances of others Three marks were allocated for each
accessing the system (1) response. Most candidates could identify
Permissions/Levels of Access (1st) so and provide a brief description of one or
that only authorised users can gain more digital security methods.
access to a file (1) reducing the
chances of others accessing the files Some candidates identified and described
(1) physical security methods for which no
Encryption (1st) scrambles data so it marks were given. Common mistakes were
can’t be read without (decryption) key ‘locks’ and ‘biometrics’ for which no marks
(1) so even if gathered cannot be read were given.
(1)
Any other valid suggestion.
Total 10

Mark Scheme
17 Indicative Content 10 Level 3 [7-10 marks]

The learner has explained, using
Benefits: examples, benefits AND limitations to
Monty Bella Retail of using virtualisation
No need to purchase server hardware technologies.
Can build in geo-redundancy as part of
the design Subject specific terminology and
Don’t need large data centres knowledge will be clearly used to support
Save cost on ancillaries such as and inform the explanations.
power, cooling etc
Can add capacity easily without having There is a well-developed line of reasoning
to purchase additional equipment which is clear and logically structured. The
Capacity can be flexible/on demand information presented is relevant and
Any other valid suggestion. substantiated.
Limitations: Level 2 [4-6 marks]

The learner has described at least one
Loss of control – servers are not benefit OR limitations to Monty Bella Retail
physically under Monty Bella Retail of using virtualisation technologies. The
control description may be supported by
Recurring cost of the public cloud. examples, some of which may be relevant.
Don’t know exactly where data is
Reliant on someone else keeping the At the bottom of the mark band, learners
hardware running may describe generic features of
Any other valid suggestion. virtualisation.
There is a line of reasoning presented with

some structure. The information presented
is for the most part relevant and supported
by some evidence.
Level 1 [1-3 marks]

The learner has identified generic points in
relation to virtualisation technologies.
Subject specific terminology may be limited

or missing.
The information is basic and

communicated in an unstructured way. The
information is supported by limited
evidence and the relationship to the
evidence may not be clear.
0 marks = Nothing worthy of credit.

Mark Scheme
Examiner’s Comments
This question was marked using a banded

response mark scheme. Candidates were
asked to discuss the benefits and
limitations to MBR of using virtualisation
technologies.
Good responses included detailed

discussions on either side of the argument.
Others produced discussions relating more
to limitations or benefits.
Some candidates were able to describe a

range of reasons. Very few candidates
identified only generic points to do with
virtualisation technologies.
The candidates generally answered this

question well mainly giving advantages for
the reduced costs for hardware and
disadvantages for training staff and
expertise.
Total 10

Mark Scheme
18 a Switch (1) 1 For one mark.

Hub (1)
Candidates were asked to identify one

piece of communications hardware needed
to create a wired LAN. Correct responses
identified a hub or switch. Others identified
a router or occasionally a NIC. These
would be needed to create a WAN.
Some candidates offered ‘ethernet cable’.
b Possible ways Monty Bella Retail could 4 Up to two marks for each of two valid
use a wired LAN in its retail parks include: descriptions. Answers need to refer to
ways it is used, NOT why it is used.
Data from stores (1) can be collected
and stored centrally (1) Do not accept answers that describe how a
Each user can log on (1) at any store in wired LAN can be set up (Topologies).
the centre (1)
Peripherals (such as printers) (1) can Two from list.
be shared between multiple users (1) MAX two marks per way.
Files (1) can be shared/backed up (1)
To send data (1) securely (1) Examiner’s Comments
Candidates were asked to describe two
ways MBR could use a wired LAN. Good
responses about sharing data and
peripherals, centralised data stores and the
ability to log on from any computer in the
retail parks were relatively rare.
Some candidates provided answers from

previous sessions and relating to the
speed and security of LAN networks.
Others described network topologies.

Mark Scheme
c Possible protocols that could be used on 2 Up to two marks for valid description..
the wired LAN include:
Accept TCP or IP on their own
HTTP (1) to transfer web pages (1)
POP (1) to download email messages
(1)
SMTP (1) to transfer email between Examiner’s Comments
email servers (1)
ICMP (1) for troubleshooting (1) Candidates were asked to describe one
SNMP (1) to get usage data from protocol that could be used on the wired
devices (1) LAN. Many good responses were able to
FTP (1) to transfer files between hosts provide the acronym and describe what it
(1) was used for. Others were able to achieve
TCP/IP (1) to transport data across a 1 mark for providing the acronym.
network (1)
Total 7

Mark Scheme
19 Possible types of productivity software 9 Up to three marks for each of three valid
Monty Bella Retail could use to manage its explanations.
business include:
Three from list.
Word processor (1) used to create MAX three marks per type.
typed documents (1) such as memos
to staff/memos to customers (1) Accept brand names
Spreadsheet (1) used to analyse
numerical data (1) such as locations of Examiner’s Comments
customers in the shopping centre (1)
Database (1) used to store structured Candidates were asked to explain, using
data (1) such as customer address examples, three types of productivity
information (1) software. This should have been an easy
Email (1) used to send email question where many candidates could
messages (1) such as promotion achieve full marks. Good responses
information to customers (1). correctly provided explanations with
Any other valid suggestion. examples of three types of productivity
software. Others provided one or two
explanations of productivity software along
with examples of utility, communication,
business or development software.
Some candidates provided answers from

previous sessions and wrote about types of
software such as bespoke, off-the-shelf
and open source for which they achieved
no marks. The unit specification and
revision book, clearly state what software
falls into which category and centres need
to help candidates to understand the
different types.
Some candidates were unable to recall any

examples of productivity software.
Total 9

Mark Scheme
20 a Why the appropriate use of language is 2 Up to two marks for valid explanation.
important when justifying the use of new IT
to the senior management team includes: Read whole answer and mark to
candidates advantage
When justifying the technology (1)
formal language should be used (1) Examiner’s Comments
Formal language should be used (1) as
this is a work presentation (1) Candidates were asked to explain why the
Less technical language may be appropriate use of language is important
required (1) as some of the senior when justifying the use of new IT to the
management team may not understand senior management team.
the technical aspects fully (1)
Any other valid suggestion. Good responses included the type of
language, e.g. formal, technical, non-
technical, and why this was appropriate for
the audience.
A number of candidates achieved a

partially correct answer.
b Possible communication skills IT staff 4 1st Mark – Identification of communication

should consider when justifying the use of skill.
new IT to the senior management team 2nd Mark – Description of communication
include: skill
Make eye contact (1st) to increase The communication skill must be correct to
audience interest (1) enable marks for the description to be
Body language (1st) so audience reacts awarded.
positively to what you are saying (1)
Questioning techniques (1st) to elicit Examiner’s Comments
the correct responses (1)
Group discussions (1st) asking the right Candidates were asked to identify and
questions (1) describe two communication skills other
Noise/ barriers to communication (1st) than appropriate use of language. Good
switch off mobile phones (1) responses correctly identified a
Speaking clearly (1st) so management communication skill such as ‘eye contact’
team can hear what you are trying to or ‘body language’ and described why it
say (1) should be considered for the situation.
Some candidates struggled to identify an
appropriate communication skill and gave
responses like team work, visual aids or
statistics.

Mark Scheme
c Possible ways IT staff can demonstrate 6 1st Mark – Identification of way.

that they are ready for work include: 2nd and 3rd Mark – Description of way IT
staff can demonstrate that they are ready
Appropriate dress (1st) such as smart for work.
dress (1) when giving the presentation
to the senior management team (1) The way must be correct to enable marks
Appropriate dress (1st) when working for the description to be awarded.
on hardware (1) so that nothing gets
caught in the machines (1) Only award appropriate dress once
Presentation (1st) ensuring they are
well groomed (1) so others find working Do not award ‘punctual’ as it is a
with them comfortable (1) contractual obligation
Attitude (1st) have a positive attitude
and respond to questions (1) in a polite Examiner’s Comments
and helpful manner (1).
Any other valid suggestion. Candidates were asked to identify and
describe two ways IT staff could
demonstrate that they were ready for work.
Three marks were available for each of the
two ways. Few candidates achieved full
marks here.
Good responses clearly showed that

candidates knew which part of the
specification this related to and provided
answers that correctly identified
appropriate dress, presentation and
attitude and described what these were
and there relevance to the work place.
Some candidates included answers about

contractual requirements such as arriving
on time or wearing a uniform.
Total 12

Mark Scheme
21 Indicative Content 10 Level 3 [7-10 marks]

The learner has explained the operational
Security of information issues Monty Bella Retail should consider
Disaster planning and recovery when moving its IT infrastructure to public
Change management cloud providers.
Scale of change
Organisational policies Subject specific terminology and
Any other valid suggestion. knowledge will be clearly used to support
and inform the explanations.
There is a well-developed line of reasoning

which is clear and logically structured. The
information presented is relevant and
substantiated.
Level 2 [4-6 marks]

The learner has described the operational
issues Monty Bella Retail should consider
when moving its IT infrastructure to public
cloud providers.
At the bottom of the mark band, learners

may describe a single point.
There is a line of reasoning presented with

some structure. The information presented
is for the most part relevant and supported
by some evidence.
Level 1 [1-3 marks]

The learner has identified generic points in
relation to operational issues.
Subject specific terminology may be limited

or missing.
The information is basic and

communicated in an unstructured way. The
information is supported by limited
evidence and the relationship to the
evidence may not be clear.
0 marks = Nothing worthy of credit.
Candidates were asked to discuss the

operation issues MBR should consider
when moving its IT infrastructure to public

Mark Scheme
cloud providers. Candidates needed to

refer to the scenario for Part B to answer
this question fully. Good responses
explained the topics to do with operation
issues (5.2 on the unit specification) in the
context of the planned move from an in-
house physical to a public cloud virtual
data centre.
Others identified or described operational

issues to do with data security and disaster
planning and recovery. A few included
items about change management.
Quite a number of candidates repeated

answers they had used for Question 17
which were often not relevant here.
Others included answers related to costs

which were not relevant in the answer.
Total 10

Mark Scheme
22 a Possible explanations of the purpose of 6 Up to three marks for each of two valid
MIS and CRM systems include: explanations.
MIS Max three marks for each system.
Data about Monty Bella Retail (1)

organised to produce management
reports (1) to monitor how well the Examiner’s Comments
business is running (1)
Any other valid suggestion. Candidates were asked to explain the
purpose of two types of business systems,
CRM MIS and CRM. A few good responses
showed some candidates had the technical
Used to develop prospective knowledge required to answer in detail.
customers (1) into actual customers (1) Other candidates had difficulty
by responding to their requests/actions differentiating these particular business
(1) systems from Helpdesk or SOP systems. A
Manage current customer base (1) number of candidates were unable to
ensuring customer loyalty (1) by achieve any marks for this question.
responding to their needs (1)
b Possible types of server Monty Bella Retail 1 For one mark.

could use include:
Do not accept Client server
File (1)
Mail (1)
Database (1)
Print (1) Examiner’s Comments
Application (1)
Hypervisor (1) Candidates were asked to identify one
Cloud (1) other type of server MBR could use as well
Any other valid suggestion. as the web server. Good responses
provided a single server type from a wide
range that could have been given. Others
seemed to have sought inspiration from the
multiple choice questions and the options
for Question 11 in particular which were
inappropriate. Here at least answers from
previous Question Papers were relevant
with file and mail server gaining candidates
the mark.
Many candidates were able to achieve a

mark on this question. When an incorrect
answer was offered it was usually ‘client
server’ or left in blank.
Total 7
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IT

Unit 1, Fundamentals of IT (Level 3), January 2019

OCR supplied materials:

Other materials required:

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 1 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following is an input device?

(a) Barcode reader

Which of the following is safe to remove whilst a laptop is running?

(a) External hard drive

(b) Hard drive

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 2 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following is an example of a port?

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 3 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following connection technologies requires line of sight?

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 4 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following is not part of the Internet of Things?

(a) Smart bulb

(b) Smart iron

(c) Smart refrigerator

(d) Smart thermostat

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 5 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following is an example of an engine management system in a car?

(c) Off the shelf

(d) Open source

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 6 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

(d) Text editor

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 7 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

(a) Multiuser multitasking

(b) Multiuser single application

(c) Single user multitasking

(d) Single user single application

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 8 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

(b) Instant messaging

(d) Video conference

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 9 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following is not a feature of an Internet Protocol (IP)?

(a) Forwarding packets to individual computers.

(b) Putting packets back together in order.

(c) Sending packets to the Domain.

(d) Sending packets to the Gateway.

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 10 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Complete the following sentence:

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 11 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

(a) Default gateway

(b) Host IP address

(c) Local IP address

(d) Subnet mask

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 12 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Complete the following sentence:

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 13 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an ADSL connection?

(a) Faster upload than download rate

(b) Fibre optic connection

(c) Microfilter installed on the line

(d) Simultaneous voice and data connection

© OCR 2020. You may photocopy this page. 14 of 43 Created in ExamBuilder

Which of the following is not a common characteristic of helpdesk software?