THE EVOLUTION OF PARTY ORGANIZATIONS IN EUROPE:

THE THREE FACES OF PARTY ORGANIZATION

R.S. KATZ, P. MAIR

How can one employ this characterization of party to

Party in Public Office understand organizational change and adaptation?

It is dominated by those who have  The resources and constrains of each face Three major
types of party
 The independence vs. the interdependence of
Party in themselves been successful in
each face
Government elections, and who depend on  The degree to which the faces are distinct vs. The Cadre The Mass Party
continued electoral success in order the degree to which they are overlap Party of integration
Catch-All Party
to keep their positions

Party in
Parliament Indicators of Power
•Numbers and dispositions of the party autocracy

Party on the The Party Central •The responsibilities of the party bureaucracy

ground Office The (potential) conflict between the party central office and the party in public office
THE FACES •Increasing tendency for the party in public office to be dominant of the 3 faces
OF A PARTY •The interest of the party in public office conflict whit those of the party activists and militants
Balance of resources ( State Subventions and staff)
• The party in public office has appeared to acquire additional and independent resources

Composition of National Executives

Composed of all persons claiming party
Party Organization: •there is a widespread tendency to strengthen the position of the party in public office on the
attachment.
1. National executive various national executive body (except in the few cases where limits have been placed)
• Key characteristics:
committee or
voluntary membership + permanence +
committees
regularity.
2. Central party staff of
They provide important resources All of the above indicates that, while the party in the public office grows larger due to all the resources it
secretariat
(especially money and votes) . receives from the State, the Central Office of the Party is losing power and centrality. Moreover, as the
They are unable to make governmental members of the party on the ground focus their political participation through organizations outside the
decisions themselves. party organization, they tend to reduce their interest in the Party Central Office.