Immunology part 2

1. Please explain the different(s) between naive and effector T Cells migration routes
Answer : ​Naive T cells express the adhesion molecule L-selectin (CD62L) and the chemokine receptor
CCR7, which mediate the selective migration of the naive cells into lymph nodes through specialized
vessels called high endothelial venules (HEVs) . Effector T cells do not express CCR7 or L-selectin, and
thus they are not drawn into lymph nodes.

2. Please explain the process of Th17 cells development from naive CD4+ cells
Answer : The development of Th17 cells from naive CD4+ cells is driven by cytokines secreted by
dendritic cells (and macrophages) in response to fungi and extracellular bacteria. Recognition of
fungal glycans and bacterial peptidoglycans and lipopeptides by innate immune receptors on dendritic
cells stimulates the secretion of several cytokines, notably IL-1, IL-6, and IL-23. These act in concert to
activate the transcription factors RORγt and Stat3, which induce Th17 differentiation. Another
cytokine, TGF-β, also participates in this process.

3. The molecular mechanism of isotype switching, called …, takes the previously formed VDJ
exon encoding the V domain of an Ig µ heavy chain and moves it adjacent to a downstream C region.
Answer : ​Switch recombination

4. What is the Fcγ receptors that does not mediate effector functions of antibodies but rather
shuts down antibody production and reduces inflammation?
Answer : ​FcγRIIB