1.

Title:
Acid - Base Titration (Determination of HCl & Ch3COOH mixture).

2. Principles:
Tow indicators method:

Step 1: obtain HCl only (Using M.O. indicator).

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

Step 2: obtain total mixture [HCl & Ch3COOH] (Using ph.ph.

indicator).

Ch3COOH + NaOH → Ch3COONa + H2O

Whereas, the strong acid (HCl) will be titrated first, at the first

inflection point no effect of acetic acid as the strong acid will

suppress its dissociation. After the first end point the solution contain

only acetic acid which will give a second inflection; i.e. the two acids

can be differentiated.

: ‫توقيع الطالب‬ 1
3. Procedures:
First stage: Determine E.P.1 to obtain HCl only (Using M.O.).

1. Put 10 mL of mixture (5 mL of HCl & 5 mL of Ch3COOH) into a

clean conical flask.

2. Add 1-2 drops M.O. indicator to the sample.

3. Titrant against 0.1 M (NaOH) standard solution until the color of

the medium changes from Red to orange.

4. Record the final volume of NaOH in the buret.

5. Repeat this procedure two more times, refilling the NaOH in the

buret as needed.

Second stage: Determine E.P.2 to obtain total mixture (Using ph.ph.).

1. Put another 10 mL of mixture (5 mL of HCl & 5 mL of Ch3COOH)

into a new clean conical flask.

2. Add 1-2 drops ph.ph. indicator to the sample.

3. Titrant against 0.1 M (NaOH) standard solution until the color of

the medium changes from collarless to pink.

4. Record the final volume of NaOH in the buret.

5. Repeat this procedure two more times, refilling the NaOH in the

buret as needed.

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4. Calculations & Results:
In neutralizing reactions: n(mol)Base = n(mol)Acid , there for:

(M1 × V1) Base = (M2 × V2) Acid

Where:

M1 = Concentration of standard solution (NaOH) = 0.1 M

V1 = Volume of standard solution (NaOH)

= (Final volume reading – Initial volume reading) Buret

M2 = Concentration of unknown solution = required.

V2 = Volume of unknown solution = 5 mL

For HCl: E.P.1 = HCl only.

No. of trial: 1 2 3

Initial vol. (mL): 0 0 0

Final vol. = E.P.1 (mL): 5.2 5.5 5.4

V1 = E.P.1 - Initial vol. (mL): 5.2 5.5 5.4

V1 (avg.) = (mL): (5.2 + 5.5 + 5.4)/3 = 5.36

0.1 × 5.36
∴ M2 = = 0.107 M
5

For Ch3COOH: E.P.2 = HCl + Ch3COOH, E.P.2 – E.P.1 = Ch3COOH only.

No. of trial: 1 2 3

Initial2:vol.obtain
Step (mL): total mixture [HCl &
0 Ch3COOH]
0 (Using 0ph.ph.

Final vol. = E.P.2 (mL):

indicators). 10.5 10.6 10.5

E.P.1 = (mL): Ch3COOH + NaOH → Ch5.2 5.5

3COONa + H2O
5.4

: ‫توقيع الطالب‬ 3
V1 = E.P.2 – E.P.1: 5.3 5.1 5.1

V1 (avg.) = (mL): (5.3 + 5.1 + 5.1)/3 = 5.16

0.1 × 5.16
∴ M2 = = 0.103 M
5

: ‫توقيع الطالب‬ 4