Hexagonal Scaffold

SRM Institute of Science and Technology
Evaluation of mechanical properties and permeability of

3D printed porous scaffold using finite element method
RA1811002010283 - ADARSH ARYA

RA1811002010290 - MANN PRASAD
Batch Number: D 41 (Batch 1)
Dr. S. Karuppudaiyan
Asst. Professor (S.G)
Department of Mechanical Engineering

APPROVAL

First Review Contents:

• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Summary of Literature
• Problem statement/ Research Gap
• Methodology
• Plan of Action
• References
3
Introduction:
➔ The success of tissue engineering is strongly dependent on the ability to
produce biomimetic scaffolds that mimic the biomechanical properties of the
native host tissues
➔ Biomanufacturing systems produce scaffolds with an effective control over

pore size/shape and spatial distribution.
What are Biomimetic Scaffolds?
➔ Biomimetic scaffolds are materials that have been engineered to cause

desirable cellular interactions to contribute to the formation of new functional
tissues for medical purposes
4
Literature Review:
Author (Title) Year & Summary/ Observation

Journal
Permeability evaluation 2013 ➔ As the pore size increases, higher are

of lay-down patterns the permeability values of the scaffolds
and pore size of PCL PROCEDIA
scaffolds ENGINEERING ➔ The scaffold’s permeability is strongly
(Volume 59) influenced by the pore size rather than
the pore architecture
5
Literature Review:
Journal
Finite element analysis 2017 ➔ In the same porosity and pore sizes, the
of mechanical lattice based rectangular models
behavior, permeability JOURNAL OF exhibited higher permeability and lower
and fluid THE wall shear stress than the Gyroid models
induced wall shear MECHANICAL
BEHAVIOUR ➔ The Rec-L scaffolds were more
stress of high porosity
OF appropriate for load-bearing bones than
scaffolds with gyroid BIOMEDICAL
and lattice- the Gyr models.
MATERIALS
based architectures (Volume 75)
6
Literature Review:

Journal
Characterisation of PCL 2013 ➔ PCL/PLA scaffolds present a better

and PCL/PLA scaffolds biological behaviour than PCL scaffolds
for tissue PROCEDIA
engineering CIRP ➔ PCL/PLA scaffolds produced from
(Volume 5) blends prepared by solvent casting,
present a reduced pore size, which also
enhances cell proliferation
7
Summary of Literature Review:

➔ The scaffold pore size is a critical design parameter regarding its performance
➔ The fluid flow is strongly influenced by the scaffold pore architecture
➔ The permeability and wall shear stress (WSS) were influenced primarily by
porosity and architecture
➔ The blending method strongly determines the scaffold surface roughness and
cell adhesion and proliferation.
8
Problem Statement/Objectives:
1) To design a new architecture model of biomimetic scaffold in reference to the

existing ones.
2) To determine scaffold deformation under static loading, pressure drop and

fluid flow induced wall shear stress using FEA.
3) To achieve a model that effectively mimics the properties of cancellous bone.
9
Research Gap:
• By scrutinizing the reference papers ,these are the research gaps that can be
concluded are
1. To achieve a well balanced scaffold design that caters to the adequate

mechanical properties ,fluid flow dynamics and the biocompatibility.
2. The correct type of material that mimics the properties of the human
cancellous bone.
3. Using too many types of materials for research as it is expensive as well as

time consuming.
10
Methodology:
1) Generation of CAD models using appropriate softwares such as

SOLIDWORKS, Rhinoceros Grasshopper
2) Determination of mechanical properties by the scaffold’s elastic modulus and

compressive strength
3) Determination of reliability and performance of the model in the CFD analysis

such as permeability and wall shear stress (WSS)
4) Fabrication of the designed model
5) Final physical analysis of the fabricated model
11
Proposed method to overcome

the deficiencies/gaps:
• In reference to the papers we have been studying we have planned to go with
the rectangular lattice structure of the scaffold ,because it has a better load
bearing capacity.
12
• The scaffold design has a resemblance to the existing models in the reference
paper.
• Material we have planned to use for the scaffold will be a mixture of

PCL/PLA.
13
Plan of Action:
January February March April May
Action 1 Literature review +
Research
Action 2 scaffold
model design
Action 3 Numerical and CFD
analysis
Action 4 3D printing
for final
analysis
Action 5 Project
report +
conclusion
14
References:
➔ Permeability evaluation of lay-down patterns and pore size of PCL scaffolds
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705813010333
➔ Finite element analysis of mechanical behavior, permeability and fluid induced

wall shear stress of high porosity scaffolds with gyroid and lattice-based
architectures
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1751616117303211
➔ Characterisation of PCL and PCL/PLA scaffolds for tissue engineering

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827113000231
15

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SRM Institute of Science and Technology

Evaluation of mechanical properties and permeability of

RA1811002010283 - ADARSH ARYA

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

First Review Contents:

➔ Biomanufacturing systems produce scaffolds with an effective control over

What are Biomimetic Scaffolds?

➔ Biomimetic scaffolds are materials that have been engineered to cause

Author (Title) Year & Summary/ Observation

Permeability evaluation 2013 ➔ As the pore size increases, higher are

Author (Title) Year & Summary/ Observation

Characterisation of PCL 2013 ➔ PCL/PLA scaffolds present a better

Summary of Literature Review:

➔ The fluid flow is strongly influenced by the scaffold pore architecture

1) To design a new architecture model of biomimetic scaffold in reference to the

2) To determine scaffold deformation under static loading, pressure drop and

3) To achieve a model that effectively mimics the properties of cancellous bone.

1. To achieve a well balanced scaffold design that caters to the adequate

3. Using too many types of materials for research as it is expensive as well as

1) Generation of CAD models using appropriate softwares such as

2) Determination of mechanical properties by the scaffold’s elastic modulus and

3) Determination of reliability and performance of the model in the CFD analysis

4) Fabrication of the designed model

5) Final physical analysis of the fabricated model

Proposed method to overcome

• Material we have planned to use for the scaffold will be a mixture of

➔ Finite element analysis of mechanical behavior, permeability and fluid induced

➔ Characterisation of PCL and PCL/PLA scaffolds for tissue engineering

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