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Stratrev Review Center: Criminology Online Board Review
Stratrev Review Center: Criminology Online Board Review
What is CRIMINAL??
In its form , there are three(3) definitions, as follows:
What is JUSTICE??
This concerns to the obligations of the community to individuals, and requires fair disbursement of common
advantages and sharing of common burden.
What is System??
A combination of related elements that is functioning as a whole in order to achieve a single goal or objective.
The machinery of the state or government which enforces the rules of conduct necessary to protect life and property and
to maintain peace and order.
The sum total of instrumentation which a society uses in the prevention and control of crime and delinquency.
The Revised Penal Code took effect on January 1, 1932 (Art. 1, RPC).
1. GENERAL- criminal law is binding on all person who lives and sojourn in the Philippines
2. TERRITORIALITY- criminal laws are applicable only of the crime is committed within Philippines territory.
EXEPTIONS
3. PROSPECTIVE—Criminal law cannot make an act punishable when the time of the commission it is not yet a crime.
EXEPTIONS
Whenever a new statute dealing with crime establishes conditions more lenient or favorable to the accused, it can
be given a retroactive effect.
(1) where the new law is expressly made inapplicable to pending actions or existing causes of actions.
(2) Where the offender is a habitual delinquent/criminal under Art. 62 of the Revised Penal Code.
THE DIFFERENT NOMENCLATURES GIVEN TO THE PERSON WHO IS BEING PROCESSED UNDER THE CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SYSTEM:
1. At the police stage, during investigation, he is referred to as the SUSPECT.
2. At the Prosecutors office, during the determination of probable cause or during the Preliminary Investigation, he is referred
to as the RESPONDENT.
3. At the trial of the case, when a case has been filed in Court, he is referred to as the ACCUSED.
4. Once the Court has determined that the accused is guilty beyond reasonable doubt as charged and the judgement has
been rendered, he is referred to as the CONVICT.
5. It is only upon undergoing all the process when the person has served the sentence when he can really be considered as
a CRIMINAL.
Every citizens or member of the group to which the injured party belongs may bring the accusations against a suspected
person.
Action supposed to be a combat between the parties. The supposed offender has the right to be confronted by the
accuser.
Judicial setup in the Philippines is Accusatorial in nature.
The concept of due process means that those who are accused of the crimes and those who are processed
through the Criminal Justice System must be given the basic rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
Criminal due process requires that the accused be tried by an impartial and competent court in accordance with
the procedure prescribed by law and with proper observance of all the rights accorded to him under the
Constitution and applicable statute.
The Law Enforcement as the first pillar is considered to be the “initiator” or the “prime mover” of the Criminal Justice System. It is
considered as “the initiator of the actions” that other pillars must act upon to attain its goal or objective.
Examples of police initiating action:
a. effecting an arrest
b. surveillance
c. crime investigation
The first pillar consists mainly of the Philippine National Police (PNP). The work of the PNP is the prevention and control of
crimes, enforcement of laws, and effecting the arrest of offenders, including the conduct of lawful searches and seizures to gather
necessary evidences so that a complaint may be filed with the Prosecutor’s Office.
The Philippine National Police (PNP) is not only the law enforcement agency in our country. There are several Law enforcement
Agencies like PDEA, NBI, LTO, MMDA etc.
On January 9, 1901, the Metropolitan Police Force of Manila was organized pursuant to Act No. 70 of the
Taft Commission. This has become the basis for the celebration of the anniversary of the Manila’s Finest every January 9th.
1. ACT 175 – entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary”, established on
August 8, 1901.
CAPT. HENRY ALLEN – the first chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1901
2. ACT 183 – enacted on July 13, 1901, created the Manila Police Department.
4. P.D. 765 – otherwise known as the Integration Act of 1975, enacted on August 8, 1975; established the Integrated National
Police (INP) composed of the Philippine Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus and the integrated local police forces as
components, under the Ministry of National Defense.
-transferred the NAPOLCOM from the Office of the President to the Ministry of National Defense.
5. R.A. 6975 – otherwise known as the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990, enacted on December
13, 1990; reorganized the DILG and established the Philippine National Police, Bureau of Fire Protection, Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology and the Philippine Public Safety College.
6. R.A. 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, enacted on February
25, 1998; this law amended certain provisions of RA 6975.
7. RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum educational qualification for
appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion system; approved on 12 August 2009.
“AN ACT EXTENDING FOR FIVE (5) YEARS THE REGLEMENTARY PERIOD FOR COMPLYING WITH THE MINIMUM
EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) AND ADJUSTING THE
PROMOTION SYSTEM THEREOF, AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE PERTINENT PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6975
AND REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”
the first Filipino chief of the Philippine Constabulary on December 17, 1917
the first Filipino chief of police of the Manila Police Department in 1935
the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine Independence from the United States of
America in 1946
“The state shall establish and maintain one police force which shall be national in scope and civilian in character…”
-headed by the Chief, PNP, with the rank of Director General, appointed by the President and who shall serve a term of office
of four (4) years.
NATIONAL IN SCOPE
means that the PNP is a nationwide government organization whose jurisdiction covers the entire breadth of the
Philippine archipelago.
all uniformed and non-uniformed personnel of the PNP are national government employees.
CIVILIAN IN CHARACTER
means that that the PNP is not a part of the military, although it retains some military attributes such as discipline.
ORGANIZATION and COMPOSITION OF THE PNP
-shall be headed by a Chief who shall be assisted by two (2) deputy chiefs:
-Deputy Chief for Administration.
-Deputy Chief for Operations.
-the Chief PNP and the two (2) deputy chiefs shall be appointed by the President .
-no officer who is retirable within six (6) months shall be appointed Chief .
-the PNP shall be composed of a national office, regional offices, provincial offices, district offices, and city or municipal
stations.
MOTIVE
INSTRUMENTALITIES OPPORTUNITY
Basically, the role of the police in society is crime prevention which is the main goal of the CJS. They are the initiator of CJS.
WHAT IS ARREST?
Arrest is the taking of a person into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for the commission of an offense.
It is an order in writing issued in the name of the People of the Philippines, signed by a judge and directed to a peace
officer, commanding him to take a person into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for the commission of an
offense
Shall remain valid until the person to be arrested has been arrested or has surrendered
Arrest without warrant; when lawful. – A peace officer or a private person may, without a warrant, arrest a person:
(a) When, in his presence, the person to be arrested has committed, is actually committing, or is attempting to commit an offense;
(b) When an offense has just been committed and he has probable cause to believe based on personal knowledge of facts or
circumstances that the person to be arrested has committed it; and
(c) When the person to be arrested is a prisoner who has escaped from a penal establishment or place where he is serving final
judgment or is temporarily confined while his case is pending, or has escaped while being transferred from one confinement to
another
WHAT IS SEARCH WARRANT??
It is an order in writing issued in the name of the people of the Philippines signed by the judge and directed to the peace officer,
commanding him to search for personal property and bring it before the court.
Criminal Investigation- it is the systematic method of inquiry that is more a science than an art. The logic of scientific method must
however, be supplemented by the investigator's initiative and resourcefulness. The sequences of the investigation should be
regarded by scientific, operating framework that requires improvising on the part of the investigator.
The second pillar takes care of the investigation of the complaint. In the rural areas, the PNP may file the complaint with
the inferior courts (i.e. the Municipal Trial Courts or the Municipal Circuit Trial Courts). The judges of these inferior courts act as
quasi-prosecutors only for the purpose of the preliminary investigation. Once a prima facie case has been determined, the
complaint is forwarded to the City or Provincial Prosecutor’s Office which will review the case. When the complaint has been
approved for filing with the Regional Trial Court, a warrant of arrest for the accused will be issued by the court once the information
has been filled.
COMPLAINT INFORMATION
It is a sworn written statement charging a person with an, It is an accusation in writing charging a person with an offense,
offense, subscribed by the offended party, any peace officer or subscribed by the prosecutor and filed with the court
other public officer charged ,with the enforcement of the law
violated.
This is in consonance with the accused’s right to be informed of the nature and the cause of accusation against him.
The prosecutor is the government officer, tasked to conduct the prosecution of criminal actions in court. The Revised
Rules of Court expressly provides that the prosecution has the direction and control of the case.
Although in the Municipal Trial Court or Municipal Circuit Trial Courts when the prosecutor is absent, the offended party,
any peace officer, or public officer charged with the enforcement of the law violated may prosecute the case. But such authority shall
cease upon actual intervention of the prosecutor r upon elevated to the RTC.
In all criminal prosecutions, the real offended party is the People of the Philippines, for a crime is an outrage against, and
its vindication is in favor of, the people in a sovereign state.
WHAT IS PROSECUTION/ FISCAL??
He represent the governments position in a criminal case during court proceedings from the time of the suspect’s arrest
until the adjudication of his case.
Solicitor General
The Office of the Solicitor General represents the Government of the Philippines, its agencies and instrumentalities and its
officials and agents in any litigation, proceeding, investigation or matter requiring the services of lawyers. When authorized by the
President or head of the office concerned, it shall also represent government owned or controlled corporations.
OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN Investigate and prosecute on its own or on complaint by any person, any act or omission of
any public officer or employee, office or agency, when such act or omission appears to be illegal, unjust, improper or inefficient. It
has primary jurisdiction over cases cognizable by the Sandiganbayan and, in the exercise of his primary jurisdiction, it may take
over, at any stage, from any investigatory agency of Government, the investigation of such cases.
It is an inquiry or proceeding for the purpose of determining whether there is sufficient ground to engender a well founded belief that
a crime has been committed and that the respondent is probably guilty thereof, and be held for trial (Section 1, Rule 112, Rules of
Court).
YES, it is a judicial proceedings where the prosecutor or investigator acts as a quasi- judicial officer
Since it is a judicial proceedings, the due process must be observed.
SUBPOENA
It is a process directed to a person requiring him to attend and to testify at the hearing or the trial of an action, or at any
investigation conducted under the law, or for the taking of his deposition (Section 1, Rule 23, Rules of Courts).
INQUEST PROCEDURE
is an inquiry made by the duty prosecutor to determine the legality of the arrest made especially those arrests made
without a warrant.
WHAT ARE THE GUIDELINES TO SAFEGUARDS THE RIGHT OF AN ACCUSED WHO HAS BEEN ARRESTED WITHOUT A
WARRANT?
The arresting officer must bring the arrestee before the inquest fiscal to determine whether the person should remain into
custody and charged in court or if he should be release foe lack of evidence or for further investigation
The third pillar of the CJS is the forum where the prosecution is given the opportunity to prove that there is a strong
evidence of guilt against the accused. It is also in the courts that the accused is given his “day in court” to disprove the accusation
against him.
The Constitutional presumption is the innocence of any person accused of a crime unless proved otherwise. This means
that the courts must determine the guilt of the accused – beyond reasonable doubt – based on the strength of the evidence of the
prosecution.
If there is any reasonable doubt that the accused committed the crime, he has to be acquitted. As the third pillar, is said to
be the centerpiece of the criminal justice system and its primary and most important function as a component of the criminal justice
system is to decide whether the accused is guilty or not guilty of the crime he is accused of committing.
The Rules of Court, however, provides that the accused can be convicted of a lesser crime than the crime he has been
charged with in the information. But the elements of the lesser offense should be necessarily included in the offense charged, and
such lesser crime was proven by competent evidence.
WHAT IS JUDGE?
He is a public officer so named in his commission (written evidence of appointment) and appointed to preside over and to
administer the law in a court of justice.
COURT JUDGE
incoporeal entity single entity
composed of 1 or more judges indispensable part of the court
cannot exist w/o a judge can exist w/o a court
Original Jurisdiction: (a) all violations of city and Municipal ordinances, (b) all offenses punishable with imprisonment not
exceeding six (6) years irrespective of the amount of fine, (c) damage to property through criminal negligence;
Original Jurisdiction: (a) those which carry the penalties exceeding six (6) years of imprisonment, (b) those not covered by
the jurisdiction of the Sandiganbayan.
3. Sandiganbayan
Original Jurisdiction: Violations of RA 3019 (Anti-graft and Corrupt Practices Act), RA 1379, ad Chapter II, Section 2 Title VII, f Book
II of the RPC.
1. officials of the executive branch of the government occupying the positions of regional director and higher, otherwise classified as
Grade 27 and higher.
2. Phillipine Army and Air force colonels, naval captain and all officers of higher rank.
3. Officer Of the PNP (provincial director and those holding the rank of senior superintendent or higher
4. Court of Appeals.
5. Supreme Court
1. JUDICIAL POWER
Power to apply laws to case
2. JUDICIAL REVIEW
Power to contest the constitutionality of the law
3. JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE
Power from interference from other branches
What is JURISDICTION?
It is the authority of the court to hear and try a particular offense and to impose the punishment provided by law.
Power to hear and decide cases of the general class to which the proceedings in question belong and is conferred by the sovereign
authority which organizes the court and defines its powers.
Means that the criminal action should be filed in the place where the crime was committed , except in those cases
provided for in ART. 2 of the RPC
VENUE JURISDICTION
Geographical area in which a court with jurisdiction may hear Power of the court to decide a case on the merits
to determine a case.
ARRAIGNMENT
It is the stage where the issues are joined in criminal action and without which the proceedings cannot advance further.
It is the stage of the proceedings whereby the accused shall be informed of his/her constitutional right to be (officially)
informed of the nature and the cause of the accusation against him and to ask him of his plea.
HOW IS ARRAIGNMENT MADE?
Arraignment is made:
a. In open court
b. By judge or clerk of court
c. By furnishing the accused with a copy of the complaint or information.
d. Reading it in the language known to him.
e. Asking him whether he pleads guilty or not guilty.
JUDGEMENT
It is the adjudication by the court that the accused is guilty or not of the offense charged and the imposition on him of the proper
penalty and civil liability, if any. It must be written in the official language, personally and directly prepared by the judge and
signed by him and shall contain clearly and distinctly a statement of the facts and the law upon which is based.
PROMULGATION OF JUDGMENT
The judgment is promulgated by reading it in the presence of the accused and any judge of the court in which it was
rendered. However, if the conviction is for a light offense, the judgment may be pronounced in the presence of his counsel or
representative. When the judge is absent or outside the province or city, the judgment may be promulgated by the clerk of
court.
ACQUITTAL
It is a finding of not guilty based on the merits. Meaning, the accused is acquitted because the evidence does not show
that his guilt is beyond reasonable doubt.
APPEAL
Appeal is a statutory right granted to the accused or even the government in proper cases to seek remedy before an
Appellate Court for the annulment or reversal of an adverse decision or conviction rendered by the Trial Court.
JUSTIFICATIONS OF PUNISHMENT
Retribution
During this period nearly all offenses that are now included in criminal codes as public crimes, were considered private
offenses for which the victims were allowed their redress through personal vengeance.
Expiation or Atonement
group aroused the condemnation of the whole group against the offending member.
Deterrence
It is commonly believed that punishment gives a lesson to the offender; that it shows other what would happen if they violate the law
Protection
People believe that by putting the offender in prison, society is protected from his further criminal depredation.
Reformation
This is the latest justification of punishment. Under this theory, society can best be protected from crime if the purpose of
imprisonment is to reform or rehabilitate the prisoner
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT VS CORPORAL PUNISHMENT
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT CORPORAL PUNISHMENT
BRUTAL PUNISHMENT/ TORTURE PUNISHMENT BY DEATH
EX: FIRING SQUADGARROTEBEADINGELECTROCUTION
When a person is to be confined in a jail or prison, the officer responsible for his custody during confinement shall have a
mittimus or commitment order.
We should also know what are the difference between jail and prisons.
Davao Penal Colony – located in Davao Del Norte, the first penal settlement founded and organized under Filipino
administration. It was formally established on January 21, 1932 by virtue of Act No. 3732. Two sub- colonies: Panabo and
Kapalong
Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm – located in Occidental Mindoro. Established on September 26, 1954 by virtue of
Presidential Proclamation No. 72.
It is the youngest colony of the bureau.
San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm – established in Southern Zamboanga on August 21, 1870 through a royal decree
promulgated in 1869. Considered the oldest penal facility in the country. Originally established for persons convicted of
political crimes. It was here in Dapitan Zamboanga where Dr. Jose Rizal was incarcerated.
Leyte Regional Prison – situated in Abuyog, Southern Leyte, established a year after declaration of Martial law in 1972.
Correctional Institution for Women – located at Mandaluyong City. Philippine Legislature passed Republic Act 3579 in
November 1929 which authorize the transfer of all women inmates from Old Bilibid Prison to CIW. On February 14, 1931,
the women prisoners were transferred from Old Bilibid Prison to the building especially constructed to them. Its old name
“Women’s Prison” was changed to “Correctional Institution for Women”.
New Bilibid Prison – located in Muntinlupa, it was officially named New Bilibid Prison on January 22, 141.
a) Bukang Liwayway Camp – Houses minimum security prisons.(1,500)
b) Sampaguita Camp – Located the RDC for Medium security Unit and the Youth Rehabilitation Center 16 to 21
yrs.
Iwahig Penal Colony – located at Palawan, established on November 16, 1904 by Governor Luke Wright.
CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
1.Detention Prisoners
a.Persons held for security reasons
b.Persons held for investigation
c.Persons waiting for final judgment
d.Persons waiting for trial
NON-INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS
OTHER TERM USED TO PERTAIN NON-INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS ? COMMUNITY BASED CORRECTION
WHAT ARE THE PURPOSE OF NON- INSTITIONAL CORRECTIONS?
decongest the prisons
lessen government expenses
increase tax collection
the offender’s family need not suffer
crime becomes less hard to control.
rehabilitation will be more effective
KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY
(VILLAGE JUSTICE)
PD 1293 – the law “Creating a Katarungang Pambarangay Commission to Study The Feasibility of Resolving Disputes at the
Barangay Level” - promulgated on 27 January 1978 PD 1508 – the law “Establishing a System of Amicably Settling Disputes at
the Barangay Level” RA 7160 – otherwise known as the “Local Government Code of 1991”- provides for the REVISED
KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY LAW - enacted on 10 October 1991
LUPONG TAGAPAMAYAPA
MEMBERS:CHAIRMAN – BARANGAY CAPTAINSECRETARY – BRGY. SECRETARYPLUS 10 – 20 MEMBERS Members
of the Lupon shall be appointed by the Barangay Chairman.The Lupon shall be constituted every three years. A Lupon member
shall serve for a period of three years.
PANGKAT TAGAPAGKASUNDO
1) It shall be composed of three (3) members chosen from the members of the Lupon. They shall choose from among the
three of them the Pangkat Chairman and Pangkat SecretaryThe members of the Pangkat shall be chosen by the parties of
the dispute from among the Lupon members. In case of disagreement, the Barangay Chairman shall draw lots.
MATTERS THAT FALL UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF THE LUPON
1 those involving offenses that are punishable by the imprisonment of one year and below, or a fine in the amount of five
thousand pesos and below;
2 those involving parties that actually reside or work in the same barangay;
3 those involving marital and family disputes;
4 those involving minor disputes between neighbors;
5 those involving real properties located in the barangay;
PROCEDURES IN BRGY. JUSTICE SYSTEMA. The Chairman shall meet with the respondent and complainant and mediate. If
he fails in his mediation within fifteen (15) days, he shall set a date for the constitution of the Pangkat. B. The Pangkat shall meet not
later than three (3) days after their constitution, on the date set by the Chairman, to hear both parties. C. The Pangkat shall arrive at
a settlement of the dispute within fifteen (15) days from its meeting. This period may be extended for another fifteen (15) days, at
the discretion of the Pangkat. NOTE: The amicable settlement shall have the force and effect of a final judgment of a court upon the
expiration of ten (10) days from the date of settlement.
----THANK YOU---
“ WORK HARD IN SILENCE, AND LET THE SUCCESS MAKE YOUR NOISE”
SOCIOLOGY OF CRIMES AND ETHICS
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
FETALVERO, JOHN CARLO , RCRIM
14
A. COMMUNITY B. STATE
C BARANGAY D. NATION
22. It has primary jurisdiction over cases cognizable by the Sandiganbayan and, in the exercise of his primary jurisdiction, it may take over, at
any stage, from any investigatory agency of Government;
A. RTC B. SENATE
C. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN D. CTA
23. Preliminary Investigation is required to be conducted before the filing of the Complaint or Information for an offense where the penalty
prescribed by law is at
A. AT LEAST 4YRS, 2 MONTHS AND 1 DAY
B. AT LEAST 4 YRS, AND 2 DAYS
C. AT LEAST 10 YERS, 2 MONTHS AND 1 DAY
D. ANY OF THEM
24. Is said to be the centrepiece of the criminal justice system.
A. LAW ENFORCEMENT B. CORRECTION
C. PROSECUTION D COURT
25. The system of law enforcement, adjudication and correction that directly involves the apprehension, adjudication and rehabilitation
offenders who are criminally convicted of an offense.
A. REHABILITATION B. CRIMINAL JUSTICE
C. CORRECTION D. INTERACTION
26. What will happen to the arraignment if the accused appears to be sufferING from an unsound mental condition which effectively renders
him unable to fully understand to changes against him?
A. SUSPEND B. DISMISS
C. TERMINATE D. ABOLISH
27. They are referred to as the forgotten subject in the criminal justice system.
A. Accused B. Criminals
C. Victims D. Witnesses
28. Miranda warning was originated at____?
A. MIRANDA VS OHIO
B. MIRANDA VS PEOPLE OF THE PHIL.
C. MIRANDA VS ARIZONA
D. MIRANDA VS US
29. It carries the burden of proving the guilt of the accused in a formal proceeding.
A. POLICE B. PROSECUTION
C. COURT D. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
30. Supreme court is consist of how many chief justice?
A. 15 B. 10
C. 1 D. 5
31. It was formerly called as the Court of First Instance;
A. RTC B. MTC
C. CA D. SC
32. The release of a convicted offender under supervision and under certain restrictions and requirements after he has served a certain portion
of his sentence in a penal institution.
A. PROBATION B. AMNESTY
C. PARDON D. PAROLE
33. It is considered as the first probation law in the Philippines.
A. ACT 4221 B. PD 968
C. RA 9262 D. PD 620
34. What is the informal pillar of the CJS?
A. POLICE B. COURT C. COMMUNITY D. CORRECTION
35. THe first chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1901.
A. CAPT MACONONOCHI B. CAPT. HENRY FORS
C. CAPT. HENRY ALLEN D. CAPT GEORGE CURRY
36. THE SECOND-IN- COMMAND IN THE PNP SERVICE
A. DEPUTY CHIEF FOR ADMINISTRATION
B. DEPUTY CHIEF FOR OPERATION
C. CHIEF DIRECTORIAL STAFF
D. REGIONAL DIRECTOR
37. Group aroused the condemnation of the whole group against the offending member.
A. DETERRENCE B. RETRIBUTION
C. EXPIATION OR ATONEMENT D. REHABILITATION
38. The case that abolished ACT NO. 4221based on unconstitutionality
A. PEOPLE VS DE VERA B. PEOPLE VS REYES
C. PEOPLE VS VERA D. PEOPLE VS VERNIE
39. These are the matters that fall under the jurisdiction of the lupon EXCEPT;
A. THOSE INVOLVING PARTIES THAT ACTUALLY RESIDE OR WORK IN THE SAME BARANGAY
B. THOSE INVOLVING HEINOUS CRIMES
C. THOSE INVOLVING MINOR DISPUTES BETWEEN NEIGHBORS;
DTHOSE INVOLVING REAL PROPERTIES LOCATED IN THE BARANGAY;
40. Also known as the “act strengthening the bureau of corrections and providing funds therefore” also known as the bucor law of 2013?
A. R.A 10775 B. R.A 70115
C. R.A 10751 D. R.A 10575
41. Sentenced to 3 years 1 day to Reclusion Perpetua or Life Imprisonment.
A. MUNICIPAL PRISONER B. PROVINCIAL PRISONER
C. CITY PRISONER D. INSULAR PRISONER
42. Other term used to pertain non-institutional corrections???
A. OUTSIDE REFORMATION
B. SUPERVISION
C. HOUSE ARREST
D. COMMUNITY BASED CORRECTION
43. LOcated at Mandaluyong City. Philippine Legislature passed Republic Act 3579 in November 1929 which authorize the transfer of all women
inmates from Old Bilibid
15
A. NEW BILIBID PRISON
B. CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION FOR WOMEN
C. MANDALUYONG CITY JAIL
D. BUCOR
44. HOW MANY MEMBERS ARE THERE IN LUPON TAGAPAMAYAPA?
A. 10 B. 10-20 C. 20 D. NONE
45. TAGUMPAY SETTLEMENT , This_______ land is distributed to release inmates who wish to settle for good in Palawan
A. 100 HEC. B. 10 HEC.
C. 1000HEC. D. 1 HEC.
46. Basically, the role of the police in society is_____ which is the main goal of the CJS.
A. CRIME PREVENTION B. PEACE AND ORDER
C. LAW ENFORCEMENT D. ARREST OF CRIMINAL
47. Arrest is the taking of a person into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for the commission of an offense
A. TRUE B. FALSE
C. MAYBE D. NO
48. The headquarters of INTERPOL is located at,
A. NEITHERLANDS B. CANADA
C. RUSSIA D. FRANCE
49. Is an agency of Department of Finance. It collects more than half of the total revenues of the government.
A. BUCOR B. BANGKO SENTRAL
C. BIR D. PNP
50. Otherwise known as the “Local Government Code of 1991” - provides for the REVISED KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY LAW - enacted
on 10 October 1991
A. R.A 7610 B. R.A. 7160
C. R.A 7061 D. R.A 6071
51. Otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, enacted on February 25, 1998; this law amended
certain provisions of RA 6975.
A. R.A 8551 B. R.A 6975C. R.A 9708 D. R.A. 9262
52. According to the RA 6975, PNP is a bureau under the _________?
A. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT.
B. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
C. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT
D. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT
53. In the PNP seal the SUN ,symbolizes ?
A. SYMBOLIZE THE FLOWERING, MATURING AND ULTIMATE REALIZATION OF THE GLORIOUS EVOLUTION OF THE PC/INP INTO A NATIONAL
POLICE ORGANIZATION
B. SYMBOLIZES THE PC/INP
C. IT IS A SYMBOL OF THE HONOR, DIGNITY AND THE PRIVILEGE OF BEING A MEMBER OF THE PNP
D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
54. The machinery of the state or government which enforces the rules of conduct necessary to protect life and property and to maintain peace
and order.
A. CRIMINAL SYSTEM
B. CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
C. CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
D. DUE PROCESS OF LAW
55. In logo of justice. _______represents objectivity, in that justice is or should be meted out objectively, without fear or favour, regardless of
money, wealth, power, or identity.
A. SWORD B. BLINDFOLD
C. BALANCE SCALE D. WOMEN
56. A person who violated rules of conduct due to behavioral maladjustment
A. PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFINITION
B. SOCIOLOGICAL DEFINITION
C. LEGAL DEFINITION
D. NONE OF THEM
57. Which pillar in the Philippine criminal justice system decides actual controversies brought before it, and interprets the laws of the state?
A. PROSECUTION B. LAW ENFORCEMENT
C. COURT D. CORRECTION
58. What can you do to help in the criminal justice system?
A.HELP IN THE ASSIMILATION OF RELEASED PRISONERS IN THE COMMUNITY.
B.NEGLECT THOSE INMATES INSIDE THE CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION.
C.ORGANIZE CRIME GROUPS.
D.ALL OF THESE
59. 16.If person released and rehabilitated: Correction; filling of charges or complaint: _____?
A. COMMUNITY B. CORRECTION
C. COURT D. PROSECUTION
60. All are characteristics of criminal law except.
A. RETROACTIVITY love B. GENERALITY
C. PROSPECTIVITY D. TERRITORIALITY
61. If R.A 9165 : Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act ; R.A 3815 : _________?
A.REVISED PENAL CODE
B. ANTI- GAMBLING LAWS
C.ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES
D. ANTI-FENCING LAW
62. If Philippine Constabulary : __________; Manila Police Department : Capt. George Curry.
A.CAPT. HENRY T. ALLEN B. GEN. DOUGLAS MCARTHURC. HENRY FIELDING D. NONE
63. This pillar accepts the re-entry of the offender as law-abiding and useful citizen of society.
A. COMMUNITY B. CORRECTION C. COURT D. POLICE
64. It means as the power to try and decide, or hear and determine a cause.
A. COURT B. JURISDICTIONC. JAIL D. JUSTICE
65. Takes cognizance of the case, conducts trial and imposes penalty if the accused is found guilty beyond reasonable grounds.
A. PROSECUTION B. LAW ENFORCEMENT
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C. COURT D. CORRECTION
66.Best known as the ‘prison without walls’, located at Palawan
A. SAN RAMON PENAL FARM
B. NEW BILBID PRISON
C. IWAHIG PENAL FARM
D. CIW
67. There are three systems of criminal procedure, the accusatorial, the inquisitorial and the mixed system. In the Philippines, by virtue of the
Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980 or B.P. 129, system of criminal procedure is adopted or used
A. ACCUSATORIAL SYSTEM
B. INQUISITORIAL SYSTEMC. PROSECUTORIAL SYSTEM
D. THE MIXED SYSTEM
68. The philippines criminal justice system has 5 Pillars,while the US have 3 pillar of their own criminal justice system. What are those 3 pillars?
A. COURT, CORRECTION AND PROSECUTION
B. LAW ENFORCEMENT, COURT AND CORRECTION
C. COMMUNITY, COURT, CORRECTION
D. LAW ENFORCEMENT, PROSECUTION, COURT
69. It is that branch of public, which defines crimes, treats of their nature, and provides for their punishment.
A. CRIMINAL PROCEDURE B. CRIMINAL LAW
C. RULES OF COURT D. PNP MANUALp
70. Criminal law cannot make an act punishable when the time of the commission it is not yet a crime.
A. GENERALITY B. TERRITORIALITY
C. PROSPECTIVITY D. RETROACTIVITY
71. Otherwise known as the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990, enacted on December 13, 1990.
A. R.A 6975 B. R.A 8551
C. R.A 9708 D. R.A 9165
72. How many prison and penal farm among the correctional institution in the Philippines?
A. 10 B. 8
C. 5 D. 7
73. Where did the only correctional institution for women located?
A. PALAWAN B. MANDALUYONG
C. MUNTINLUPA D. MANILA
74. What is the primary objective of the Barangay Justice System?
A.PROVIDE PUNISHMENT B. AMICABLE SETTLEMEN
C. MEDIATE D. BOTH B&C
75. The first chief of the Philippine National Police
A. BGEN RAFAEL CRAME
B. COL ANTONIO TORRES
C. COL LAMBERTO JAVALERA
D. P/DIR GEN CESAR NAZARENO
76. INTERPOL the largest international police organization in the world, with National Central Bureaus in ____ member countries.
A. 191 B. 192
C. 190 D. 193
77. In INTERPOL notices system. What is being referred as To help locate missing persons, often minors, or to help identify persons who are
unable to identify themselves.
A. YELLOW NOTICE B. RED NOTICE
C. PURPLE NOTICE D. GREEN NOTICE
78. The following are the instances where you can arrest a person without a warrant, EXCEPT
A. WHEN, IN HIS PRESENCE, THE PERSON TO BE ARRESTED HAS COMMITTED, IS ACTUALLY COMMITTING, OR IS ATTEMPTING TO COMMIT AN
OFFENSE;
B. ESCAPED PRISONER
C. WHEN AN OFFENSE HAS JUST BEEN COMMITTED AND HE HAS PROBABLE CAUSE TO BELIEVE BASED ON PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE OF FACTS
OR CIRCUMSTANCES THAT THE PERSON TO BE ARRESTED HAS COMMITTED IT
D. WHEN A PERSON KILL A CHILD
79. Which government agencies in charge for the child in-conflict with the law?
A. DSWD B. DOJ
C. PNP D. DOH
80..What is the degree of proof in criminal cases?
A.PROOF BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT
B. PROBABLE CAUSE
C.GUILTY
D. NOT GUILTY
81. Process directed to a person, requiring him to bring with him any books/documents/things under his control.
A. SUBPOENA DUCESTECUM
B. SUBPOENA
C. SUBPOENA TESTIFICANDUM
D. SUBPOENA INCOGNITO
82. Is an inquiry made by the duty prosecutor to determine the legality of the arrest made especially those arrests made without a warrant?
A. INVESTIGATION B. INTERROGATION
C. INQUEST D. ARRAIGNMENT
83. Power to contest the constitutionality of the law.
A. JUDICIAL REVIEW B. JUDICIAL POWER
C. JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE D. JUDICIAL PROTEST
84. What government agencies have special police powers designated to investigate and arrest smugglers and those suspected of violating
tariffs laws?
A..BANKOSENTRALNGPILIPINAS
B. BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE
C.BUREAU OF CUSTOMS
D. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
85. Geographical area in which a court with jurisdiction may hear to determine a case.
A. JURISDICTION B. COURT
C. JAIL D. VENUE
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86. Mang Tomas commited a crime of robbery at Brgy. Welfare , Pasay city. He undergo trial at Pasay Regional trial court which he was found
guilty beyond reasonable doubt. What kind of jurisdiction have been exercised on him?
A. JURISDICTION OVER THE AUTHORITY
B. JURISDICTION OVER THE PERSON
C. JURISDICTION OVER TERRITORY
D. ANY OF THEM
87. Judge Carpio read the information in front of the accused filed against him. He also informed the accused of the nature and the cause of
the accusation against him and to ask him of his plea. This process refers to;
A. JUDGMENT B. TRIAL
C. PLEA BARGAINING D. ARRAIGNMENT
88. The Philippines have three (3) branches of government; the Legislative, the Judiciary and__
A. CABINET MEMBERS B. EXECUTIVE BRANCH
C. A ONLY D. ALL OF THEM
89. The organizational structure of the PNP is
A. STAFF B. LINE
C. LINE AND STAFF D. A AND B
90. It is a finding of not guilty based on the merits. Meaning, the accused is acquitted because the evidence does not show that his guilt is
beyond reasonable doubt.
A. ACCQUITAL B. CONVICTED
C. INVOKED D. INFORMED
91. It is a disposition under which a defendant, after conviction and sentence, is released subject to conditions imposed by the court and to the
supervision of a probation officer
A. PAROLE B. PARDON
C. COMMUTATION D. PROBATION
92. It refers to the reduction of the duration of a prison sentence of a prisoner
A. PAROLE B. PARDON
C. COMMUTATION D. PROBATION
93. Which is considered the major output and the bottom line of the process?
A..CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM B. FEEDBACK
C. JUSTICE D. LAW
94. 6.The following are the order of stages of the criminal justice process:
I.Adjudication III. Charging
II.Arrest IV. Corrections
V. Sentencing
A.I,II,III,IV,V B. I,III,IV,II,V
C. II,III,I,V,IV D. II,I,III,V,IV
95. It is a written order of a court or authority consigning a person to jail or prison for detention
A. MITIMUS B. COMMITMENT ORDER
C. JUDGMENT D. CUSTODY
96. Which of the following is not belongs to the group?
A. HOT PURSUIT B. CONTRABANDS
C. FUGITIVE FROM JUSTICE D. ESCAPED PRISONER
97.What pillar of CJS as the frontline defender of democracy, freedom and human dignity?
A.LAW ENFORCEMENT B. PROSECUTION
C. COURT D. CORRECTION
98. It is the highest court in the Philippines
A. SENATE B. SUPREME COURT
C.REGIONAL TRIAL COURT D. COURT OF APPEALS
99. Who is the current Commander in Chief?
A. DIR GEN. BATO B. PRES. DIGONG
C. SEN. PRES PIMETEL D. CHIEF JUSTICE CARPIO
100. This is a special court tasked to handle graft and corruption committed by public officials or employees.
A. OMBUDSMAN B. SANDIGANBAYAN
C. MILITARY COURT D. SUPREME COURT
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ANSWER KEY; CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
1. A 61. A
2. B 62. A
3. B 63. A
4. B 64. B
5. C 65. C
6. D 66. C
7. A 67. D
8. C 68. B
9. A 69. B
10. D 70. C
11. A 71. A
12. B 72. D
13. C 73. B
14. D 74. D
15. B 75. D
16. A 76. B
17. B 77. A
18. B 78. D
19. C 79. A
20. C 80. A
21. A 81. A
22. C 82. C
23. A 83. A
24. D 84. C
25. B 85. D
26. A 86. C
27. C. 87. D
28. C 88. B
29. B 89. C
30. C 90. A
31. A 91. D
32. D 92. C
33. A 93. C
34. C 94. C
35. C 95. B
36. A 96. B
37. C 97. A
38. C 98. B
39. B 99. B
40. D 100. B
41. D
42. D
43. B
44. B
45. C
46. A
47. A
48. D
49. C
50. B
51. A
52. B
53. A
54. B
55. B
56. A
57. C
58. A
59. D
60. A
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