Atomic Radius Atomic radius is The atomic radius of atoms

determined generally increases from top to The atomic radius of atoms generally decreases from
as the distance bottom within a group. left to right across a period.
between the
nuclei of two
identical atoms
bonded together.
The atomic
radius of atoms
generally
decreases from
left to right
across a period.
The atomic
radius of atoms
generally
increases from
top to bottom
within a group.

(First) Ionization Ionization energy The first ionization energy In general, the first ionization energy increases as we
Energy refers to the decreases as we go down a go from left to right across a row of the periodic table.
amount of column of the periodic table.
energy needed
to remove an
electron from an
atom. Ionization
energy
decreases as we
go down a group.
Ionization energy
increases from
left to right
 across the
periodic table.
Metals at the
bottom of a
group lose
electrons more
easily than those
at the top. That
is, ionization
energies tend to
decrease in
going from the
top to the bottom
of a group.
Electron Affinity  Electron affinity Electron affinity generally Electron affinity generally increases across a period.
increases decreases down a group.
upward across
periods of a
periodic table for
the groups and
from left to right,
because the
electrons added
to the energy
levels get closer
to the nucleus,
making the
nucleus and its
electrons more
attractive
Electronegativit  Electronegativity decreases as Electronegativity generally increases as you move from
y Electronegativity you move down a group. left to right across a period.
increases across
 a period
because the
number of
charges on the
nucleus
increases. That
attracts the
bonding pair of
electrons more
strongly.
Moving down in
a group, the
electronegativity
decreases due
to an increase in
the distance
between the
nucleus and the
valence electron
shell, thereby
decreasing the
attraction,
making the atom
have less of an
attraction for
electrons or
protons.

1. Metal atoms lose electrons to nonmetal atoms because metals typically have relatively low ionization energies. 
2.  Nonmetals, which are found in the right-hand region of the periodic table, have relatively large ionization energies
and therefore tend to gain electrons.
3. Periodic trends affect bonding, because of how the elements are arranged on the periodic table. For example
elements can be arranged by their electronegative, electron affinity, atomic radius, or ionization energy.
Electronegative is the atoms ability to attract other bonded atoms.