10.17 Answer the following questions: (a) ma single slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit 1s made double the original width. How does this affect the size and intensity of the central diffraction band? (b) In what way ts diffraction from each slit related to the interference pattern in a double-slit experiment? (©) When a Uny circular obstacle 1s placed mn the path of light from a distant source, a bright spot 1s seen at the centre of the shadow. of the obstacle. Explain why? (d) Two students are separated by a 7 m partition wall in a room 10 m high. If both light and sound waves can bend around obstacles, how is it that the students are unable to see each other even though they can converse easily. (e) Ray optics ts based on the assumption that light travels in a straight line. Diffraction effects (observed when light propagates through small apertures/siits or around small obstacles) disprove this assumption. Yet the ray optics assumption 1s so commonly used in understanding location and several other properties of images in optical instruments. What 1s the Justification? NCERT- Ex.Qn- 101% Ansdess. a) Width ef anival moxtmum = 2D: We Know thal, ©- 2 - qd On A Outing the Width \, of suk, A>2d. esa 2 > ie) Width of contdal maxima will also axeduud half. —_ = > Hs area will vedua +0 ono Lonth (ax a]> Intensity on Se4etn t=, (eee A Aly | = 4 Wwohenstiy bewomes fous Ames te tattial ty If powes ts kept constant: forensidy » F _pe ae 5) aun~ot The Yniensity of elem Uc imetfetence ffnges in 7h) 2 Nose {5 modi a by the 7 ay ditfaachon pasesn of TA sit : ‘rat tan se Stith : WI? 2ve-\eael =e of auigrgaion nants Splonation. Kath of fe sit wil produce ety oy Atffaacton pasetn- 2 Dus to the consicuvation of Aff action efferys of Mant fom clits 5, Sp the {8 & pakesn wit be modified in intenstty of t bafght & vax song ae > On Seveen, # in tre _ove. on CH tn ys of diffraction Cplaal mast moe 3.45. eee eae ang beyond xy intensi Mh Acseps the of ste Urea obstace 4 nese. O Waves tnierfere constructivery, at Fhe Centre oF +the obstacu's acu's hades prod, Q fentght Spot ©) waves com fia dgstant Sourw acre défivacted Pere ad~ pege or a \f ise Stze is Send! Shen Bffrsacton effect aw Significant — ab disc edges: a) dp For d&ffraction totake place, Ste of the obstacle ov @pessure must be tompa yable to the Wavelang ty of the wWave- Wlavelergth of Sound tc off te oxder of of "ne SEH on but wWavel dhe of Ltahk °S mute Croules So Sound woes Send? oun d +e pasion while Ught Waves Cannot bend ~ 29) prdinary optical tnstsumens the sizes OL apertures Ace muth latgey fan the Wav elunel, Of Light « So He -diffaactson effects igibiy Small: Henw the. @ssumph' on he 4, 4 taaveis tn gtvaight Lines Can be sated wea tthe Oph Cat insdauments -