PERUBAHAN ACTIVE VOICE KE PASSIVE VOICE

Active voice adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa Subjek melakukan sesuatu
pekerjaan.
Passive voice adalah kalimat yang menunjukkan bahwa Subjek dikenai pekerjaan.
Kalimat pasif dibentuk dengan memakai rumus :
To be + Pasarticiple (V-3)

I. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (Waktu sekarang )

=digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu pekerjaan rutin dilakukan
(kebiasaan ).
ACTIVE :

The janitor + sweeps + the yard + everyday

PASSIVE :

The yard + Is swept + By the janitor + everyday

Subject to be + V-3 by (pelaku) adverb of time (place)

(are-am-is)
EXERCISES :

1. Mr. Yusuf manages the export division

The expoer division ....................................... by Mr. Yusuf
2. Hasan delivers the mail everymorning
The mail ............................... by Hasan everymorning
3. Aisah and Fatimah correct our exercises at home. Our exercises .......................by Aisah &Fatimah
4. The postman clears this box three times a day . This box ................................... by the postman.
5. They use milk for making butter and cheese. Milk ........................................... by them.
======================================== ====================
II. SIMPLE PAST TENSE ( WAKTU LAMPAU TERTENTU )
= Digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kegiatan/kejadian yang telah terjadi di waktu lampau, dan biasanya
diketahui pula kapan terjadinya. (yesterday ; last night/year/months; two days/years/months ago, the day before
yesterday, this morning , etc
ACTIVE :

+ + +
Mr. Husni saw the accident Last night

PASSIVE :

The accident + Was seen + By Mr. Husni (him) + Last night

Subject to be (was/were )+ V-3 by (pelaku) adverb of time

EXERCISES :

1. Adam left the report on the desk two days ago. (The report .......................)
2. The wind blew the smoke away (The smoke ...........................by the wind)
3. The maid broke the plate and the glass last night. ( The plate and the glass .................by the maid )
 4. An ambulance took the sick man to hospital (The sick man was ..............................................)
5. The police arrested five men yesterday. (Five men ........................by .......)

III. PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE ( WAKTU SEDANG )

= Digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kegiatan/kejadian yang sedang terjadi atau sedang
berlangsung sekarang ( Now ; right now; At this moment ; At present ; Presently, etc )

ACTIVE :
Mother + Is making + Some cake + Right now

PASSIVE :
Is being
Some cake + made + By mother + Right now

Subject to be +being+V-3 by (pelaku) adverb of time (place)

(are-am-is)
EXERCISES :

1. Mrs. Salma is explaining the lesson at present. (The lesson .........................by Mrs. Salma at present)
2. The citizens are defending the city bravely. ( The city ..................................by the citizens )
3. The police are holding him for further questioning ( He ...................................by the police )
4. Congress is debating that question today. ( That questions ............................................ today )
5. The workmen are demolishing the entire block (The entire block ................................................

IV. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (WAKTU LAMPAU TAK TENTU)

= Digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kegiatan/kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan pada
waktu lampau , tetapi waktunya tidak disebutkan/ ditentukan, yang penting hasil/akibatnya yang
dapat kita lihat atau rasakan .( already ; just; since ; for.... ; yet, ever, ; never ; lately ; recently ;
several times ; so far ; almost ; occasionally, etc )

ACTIVE :
My brother + Has visited + The museum + Three times

PASSIVE :

+ The
++ museum Has been visited By my mother Three times

Subject has /have been+ V-3 by (pelaku) Adverb

EXERCISES :

1. We have already posted the parcels. The parcels ................................................ by us.

2. He has just finished the report. The report ................................................. by him
3. They have taken those books back to the library. Those books ...................................... by them.
4. Mr. Smith has used this room for ages. This room .................................. for ages by Mr.smith
5. She has sold all her copies successfully. All her copies .............................. by her successfully.
 V. MODALS ( WILL, SHALL, CAN, MAY, MUST, WOULD, SHOULD,
COULD, MIGHT , HAD TO )

ACTIVE :
The students + Must clean + Their classrooms + everyday

PASSIVE :

Their classrooms + Must be cleaned + By them + everyday

Subject Modals be+ V-3 by (pelaku) adverb of time

EXERCISES :

1. You must keep dogs on leads in the garden

2. They may deliver the merchandise while we are out.
3. We cannot hold the meeting in that room.
4. The pupils should throw the garbage into the rubbish bin
5. The author will publish the book in the spring

Menjadi :

1. Dogs .......................... on leads in the garden (by you )

2. The merchandise .......................... by them while we were out.
3. The meeting ............................ by us in that room.
4. The garbage ............................... into the rubbish bin by the pupils.
5. The book .................................... by the aouthor in the spring.

CATATAN :

A. Kalimat pasif (passive voice) digunakan bila kita fokus pada apa yang dilakukan dan bukan siapa
yang melakukan .
Contoh : This bridge was built in 1957 ( Jembatan ini dibangun pada tahun 1957 )
B. Kita gunakan kalimat pasif bila kita tidak tahu siapa pelaku dari suatu kegiatan/tindakan tsb.
Contoh : His car was stolen . (Mobilnya dicuri )