Science 4

Third Quarter
Science 4.3 Module 19
 Science 4.3 Module 19

Properties and Behavior

of Light, Heat, and
Sound

How Heat behave?

At the end of the lesson the
students will

- Identify what is heat

-Understand the importance of

heat
 LET’S WATCH,
LISTEN, AND LEARN

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Ry8yXhCxclA
HEAT
 HEAT
⚫ Heat is the total kinetic
(moving) energy of all
molecules.
⚫ Depends on the mass and
energy of the particles!
 How does heat flow?

Heat flows from hot to

cold until the heat is
balanced which we call
equilibrium.
How is heat measured?

◼ It is measured in calories, joules, or BTUs

◼ A calorie is the amount of heat used to raise the
temperature of one gram of water one degree
Celsius.
◼ One calorie = 4 joules
◼ One Calorie (food)=1000 calories (4,000 J)
 What is the difference between
heat and temperature?
◼ Heat is the total amount of kinetic energy
available.
◼ Temperature is a relative measure of the
speed of the particles.
◼ Temperature is measured in degrees.
◼ Temperature and heat are not the
same!!!!
What happens when a
substance is heated?
The speed of
the particles
increases
which causes
the space
between the
particles to
increase
How does heat affect volume?
⚫ Volume increases with more
heat. More heat means that
the molecules are moving
faster (more kinetic energy),
therefore they bump into one
another and spread out.
⚫ Less heat means less volume!
What effect does heat have on
density?
◼ When a substance is
heated, it expands,
volume increases
therefore it becomes
less dense.
 Temperature Scales

The 2 main temperature

scales are Celsius and
Fahrenheit.

Boiling point is 100 C & 212 F

Freezing is 0 C & 32 F
ABSOLUTE ZERO
Absolute Zero = -460 F
Absolute Zero = -273 C
Dry Ice = -110 F
Coldest Place on Earth = -70 F
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid-has a defined volume and
shape.

Liquid-defined volume, takes the

shape of its container.

Gas-no defined shape or volume.

Sketch these
pictures
 What is heat of fusion?

The amount of energy

used to melt one gram
of a substance without
changing its
temperature.
• The phase change when a
liquid becomes a gas.
•  The energy needed for one
gram of a liquid to become a
gas without changing the
temperature.
• The particles gain enough
energy to permit them to
escape the surface of the liquid
and become a gas.
 CONDUCTION

 Conduction is the direct transfer of heat.

Does conduction happen better in solids,

liquids, or gases?

Conduction
works best
through solids!
 CONVECTION
Convection is when
warmer less dense
material rises and is
replaced by cooler,
more dense material.
It then becomes
heated and rises
creating a current
(or repeating cycle!).
 RADIATION
Radiation involves
the transfer of heat
through the air
or a vacuum!

ALL objects
radiate heat!
Do you have any question?
Don’t hesitate to leave a
message in my inbox.
See You Next time!!!