Francis Ivan Barcelona ME Elective 1

BSME-5 3/6/2022
Give at least 5 programs used for industrial automation.

Ladder Diagram (LD)

Relay-logic, which used physical devices such as switches and mechanical relays
to regulate processes, was the basis for the Ladder Diagram. Internal logic is used
to replace everything but physical components that require an electrical signal to
operate.
Ladder Diagram Advantages
The following are the key advantages of the Ladder Diagram language:
1. The rungs make it easy to follow and arrange.
2. It also allows you to keep track of comments that are visible.
3. It successfully supports online editing.
Ladder Diagram Disadvantages
The biggest downside is that some instructions are not available, which may make
programming tasks such as motion or batching more difficult.

Sequential Function Charts (SFC)

Steps are an important part of your program. These phases contain the actions that
take place when you program them to. This decision may be made based on
timing, a certain stage of the operation, or the physical condition of the equipment.
Sequential Function Charts, unlike typical flowcharts, can contain numerous
pathways. Branches can be used to start numerous steps at once.
Sequential Function Charts Advantages
1.Processes can be split down into major steps, making troubleshooting more
efficient and straightforward.
2. You can see where a piece of equipment failed directly in the logic.
3. The ability to employ repeated executions of discrete sections of logic can make
designing and writing logic faster.
Sequential Function Charts Disadvantages
Even with the benefits of Sequential Function Charts, this PLC Programming
Language is not suitable for all applications.

Function Block Diagram (FBD)

The Function Block Diagram is a graphical representation of a language. A
function between inputs and outputs that are connected in blocks by connecting
lines is depicted in the Function Block Diagram. You program the blocks onto
sheets, and the PLC continuously scans the sheets in numerical sequence or
according to the relationships between the blocks that you program.
Function Block Diagram Disadvantages
Because the function blocks can be placed anywhere on the page, the code can get
disorderly using this PLC Programming Language. This can also make
troubleshooting more complex.
Function Block Diagram Advantages
1. Motion controls work well with the Function Block Diagram.
2. For some users, the visual way is more convenient.
3. The most significant benefit of a Function Block Diagram is that it allows you to
group multiple lines of code into one or more function blocks.

Structured Text (ST)

This is a language that is based on text. Structured Text is a high-level
programming language similar to Basic, Pascal, and C. It is a very strong tool that
can perform both difficult and repetitive operations using algorithms and
mathematical functions. Statements are separated by semicolons in the code, and
these statements affect either inputs, outputs, or variables. Each line of code must
be written out by hand, and it employs functions such as FOR, WHILE, IF, ELSE,
ELSEIF, and CASE.
Structured Text Advantages
The following are some of the benefits of structured text:
1. It's well-organized and capable of doing complex mathematical calculations.
2. It will allow you to cover various instructions not seen in other languages, such
as the Ladder Diagram.
Structured Text Disadvantages
The Structured Text PLC programming language has the following drawbacks:
1. The syntax can be challenging.
2. It's difficult to troubleshoot.
3. Online editing is challenging.

Instruction List (IL)

The Instruction List is a text-based language as well. Assembly Language is
similar to the Instruction List language. You'll utilize mnemonic codes like LD
(Load), AND, OR, and so on when programming using this PLC Programming
Language. The Instruction List is a list of instructions, each on a separate line, with
any comments you want to add at the end of each line.
Instruction List Disadvantages
The following are the primary drawbacks of this PLC Programming Language:
1. There are a few structural options, one of which is the "Go to" command.
2. In comparison to many of the other languages I've looked at, there can be a lot of
faults that are more difficult to deal with.
Instruction List Advantages
The Instruction List language is useful for applications that require compact and
time-sensitive programming.