IDENTIFICATION DATA:

Name -Ms. Simran Chauhan

Class -M.Sc. Nursing 1stYear

Subject -Community Health Nursing

Topic - Malnutrition

Time -11am

Duration of Presentation - 15 min

Place -Dharampur

Group -community group

Name of the supervisor -Mrs. Madhuri Kashyap

Date of Submission 4-9-21

Date of Presentation 4-9-21

Method of teaching -Lecture cum discussion

A.V Aids used - chart, pamphlets

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GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

 At the end of the topic, people will be able to acquire knowledge, appreciate its value and and able to apply knowledge regarding
malnutrition.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

 Introduce malnutrition
 Define malnutrition
 Enlist the causes of malnutrition
 Describe the types of malnutrition
 Enumerate the symptoms of malnutrition
 Describe the prevention of malnutrition

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 Time Specific Content Teaching Av Evaluation
Objective Learning Aids
Activity

1min Self SELF INTRODUCTION:

Introduction
Good morning, I M Simran Chauhan, M.Sc. Nursing 1st year student of
MLM College of Nursing.

2min Introduction Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet which does Discussion What is
of Topic. not supply a healthy amount of one or more nutrients. This includes malnutrition
diets that have too little nutrients or so many that the diet causes health ?
problems. The nutrients involved can
include calories, protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins or minerals. A
lack of nutrients is called undernutrition or undernourishment while
a surplus of nutrients cases overnutrition. Malnutrition is most often
used to refer to undernutrition - when an individual is not getting
enough calories, protein, or micronutrients.

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 Define Malnutrition is a disease that occurs when a person's diet lacks a Discussion Define
Malnutrition sufficient amount of one or more nutrients. This involves foods that are malnutrition
either deficient in nutrients or too rich in nutrients, resulting in health ?
issues. Calories, protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, and minerals are
some of the nutrients involved.

3min Enlist causes  Lack of food: this is common among the low-income group as Discussion What are the
of well as those who are homeless. causes of
malnutrition  Those having difficulty eating due to painful teeth or other malnutrition
painful lesions of the mouth. Those with dysphagia or difficulty ?
swallowing are also at risk of malnutrition. This could be due to
a blockage in the throat or mouth or due to sores in the mouth.
 Loss of appetite. Common causes of loss of appetite include
cancers, tumors, depressive illness and other mental illnesses,
liver or kidney disease, chronic infections etc.
 Those with a limited knowledge about nutrition tend to follow
an unhealthy diet with not enough nutrients, vitamins and
minerals and are at risk of malnutrition.
 Elderly living alone, disabled persons living alone or young
students living on their own often have difficulty cooking
healthy balanced meals for themselves and may be at risk of
malnutrition.

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  The elderly (over 65 years of age are), especially those living in
care facilities are at a higher risk of malnutrition. These
individuals have long term illnesses that affect their appetite and
ability to absorb nutrients from food and they may also have
difficulty feeding themselves. In addition, there may be
concomitant mental ailments like depression that affect appetite
and food intake.
 Those who abuse drugs or are chronic alcoholics.
 Those with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa have
difficulty maintaining adequate nutrition.
 Those with digestive illnesses like ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s
disease or malabsorption syndrome have difficulty in
assimilating the nutrients from diet and may suffer from
malnutrition.
 Those with diarrhea or persistent nausea or vomiting.
 Some medications tend to alter the body’s ability to absorb and
break down nutrients and taking these may lead to malnutrition.
 The demand for energy from food exceeds the amount of food
taken. This includes those who have suffered a serious injury,
burn or after major surgical procedures. This also includes
pregnant women and children whose growth and needs for the
unborn baby causes increased demand for nutrients and calories
that may be deficient in a normal diet.

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  Among children lack of knowledge of adequate feeding among
parents is the leading cause of malnutrition worldwide.
 Premature babies are at a higher risk of malnutrition as are
infants at the time of weaning.
 Childhood cancers, heart defects from birth (congenital heart
disease), cystic fibrosis and other major long term diseases in
children are the leading cause of malnutrition.
 Neglected children, orphans and those living in care homes are
at risk of malnutrition.

2min To describe The malnutrition is mainly of 2 types: - Discussion

the types of
 Overnutrition: When there is excess of any nutrition occur in
malnutrition the body for a long time it leads to obesity. E.g., obesity
 Undernutrition: When there is deficiency of any nutrient occur
in the body for a long time it leads to undernutrition. E.g.
Deficiency of various vitamins or minerals etc

Explain the
3 min symptoms of

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 malnutrition Symptoms of malnutrition include: What are the
symptoms
 reduced appetite
of
 lack of interest in food and drink
malnutrition
 feeling tired all the time
 feeling weaker
 getting ill often and taking a long time to recover
 wounds taking a long time to heal
 poor concentration
 feeling cold most of the time
 low mood or depression
 Involuntary weight loss
 Lower appetite
 Loss of muscle size and strength
 Lethargy/tiredness
 Lower interest in eating and drinking
 Mood changes
 Changes in the ability to prepare meals

4 min Explain the Prevention of malnutrition Discussion What is the

prevention of prevention
A healthy balanced diet is recommended for prevention of malnutrition.
malnutrition of
There are four major food groups that include:
malnutrition
1. Bread, rice, potatoes, and other starchy foods. This forms the ?
largest portion of the diet and provides calories for energy and

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 carbohydrates that are converted to sugars which provide
energy.
2. Milk and dairy foods – Vital sources of fats and simple sugars
like lactose as well as minerals like Calcium
3. Fruit and vegetables – Vital sources of vitamins and minerals as
well as fiber and roughage for better digestive health
4. Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, beans and other non-dairy sources of
protein – These form the building blocks of the body and help in
numerous body and enzyme functions.
5. Breastfeeding a baby for six months is the best way to prevent
early childhood malnutrition.
6. Engage in moderate physical activity at least 4-5 times a week
for 30 mins
7. Take plenty of fluids to drink like fresh juices etc
8. Avoid processed, packed and preserved food.
9. Focus on maternal nutrition
10. Proper immunization
11. Adequate exercise to be done

2 min Recapitalizati
on of topic

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 Today we discussed about the

 Introduction of malnutrition
 Definition of malnutrition
 Enlist the causes of malnutrition
 Describe the types of malnutrition
 Enumerate the symptoms of malnutrition
 Explain the prevention of malnutrition

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