CELEBRATING ENERGY CONSERVATION WEEK

Passive Design Consultants

23rd February 2021

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 Logical Approach For Energy Efficient Building Design

Project Type : Hospital Building 24X7 Use

Project Location : North India (Composite climate)

Total Built-up Area : 50,000Sqm

Building Height : Ground + 9 Floors + 2 Basements

Aspired Green Rating : IGBC Green New Building PLATINUM Rating

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 FAÇADE SOLAR RADIATION STUDY

Phase 2 Phase 1

South East

South West North West

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 SOLAR INSOLATION ANALYSIS
Full Development

Medium potential for Urban

Heat Island Effect

High potential for Urban Heat High Potential for Urban Heat
Island Effect Island Effect
N

Phase 1

The southern open zone of the site also has very high potential
of Urban Heat Island Effect throughout the year. This must be
treated till phase 2 is developed.

N
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 RECOMMENDATION 1 – SOLAR SHADING ENTRANCE CANOPY

June 21st

Dark glazing with maximum VLT of 20% in pergola will help shade the front
entrance zone in summer ( June 21).
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 RECOMMENDATION 2 – URBAN FOREST PLAZA

Solar shading in the North zone can also be provided by planting trees along pedestrian
paths. The trees should have foliage dia of 6m – 9m for adequate shading.

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 RECOMMENDATION 3 – COURTYARD SOLAR SHADING

Shade court at 7th floor terrace using pergolas or space frames. Solar Panels can also be used
to provide shade & generate renewable energy at the same time.
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 RECOMMENDATION 4 – TERRACE GARDEN FOR COURTYARD

Court at 7th floor terrace should also be designed as terrace garden to provide more
outdoor social space for hospital users. This will also enhance micro-climate and reduce
heat gains inside the building.

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 RECOMMENDATION 5 – SOFT PAVING & TREE SHADING IN PARKING

The highlighted area (Eastern Zone) of the site should either have soft paving or vegetation or
shading through trees to enhance micro-climate.
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 WIND FLOW ACROSS SITE

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 SITE WIND CFD ANALYSIS: PREDOMINANT WIND
Pedestrian Level

Courtyard Terrace Level

• Site’s front zone is well ventilated with good wind speed. The zone is also planned with
vegetation & trees which will help in reducing the temperature of hot summer wind &
enhance thermal comfort of pedestrians.
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 PHYSIOLOGICAL EQUIVALENT TEMPERATURE

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 EXISTING OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT

70

60
Temperature (Deg C)

50

40

30
Outdoor Air Existing
20
13:00 17:00 21:00
Time

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 RECOMMENDATION 6 – WATER FEATURES & MISTERS

Water Features

Provide water features like fountains / water misters to allow evaporative cooling of hot summer winds.
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 PET – SUMMER
70

60 Outdoor Air

50

Existing
Temperature (Deg C)

40

30
Shaded

20

10
Shaded + Evap Cool

0
13:00 17:00 21:00
Time

Up to to 300 C reduction in temperature shall be felt by pedestrians by following

• Solar shading for minimum 80% of the open areas identified
• Evaporative cooling to an extend that the RH is increased to 70%,.

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 RENEWABLE ENERGY ANALYSIS

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 FULL DEVELOPMENT: Insolation Analysis

Top South East

North East South West North West

• Roof : ~ 1900 kWh/Sqm Yr
• North West Façade : ~ 470 kWh/Sqm Yr
• East Façade : ~ 1050 kWh/Sqm Yr
• West Façade : ~ 1000 kWh/Sqm Yr
• South East Façade : ~ 1250 kWh/Sqm Yr
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 Insolation Analysis: Recommendations

• Roof receives maximum solar radiation & is recommended to be used for solar energy harness using Solar Photovoltaic
panels & Solar hot water system.

Project’s Solar Energy Potential

Total Solar PV Capacity on Roof : ~600 kW (~ Rs. 240 Lakhs Investment)

Total Solar Energy Generation : ~850 MWh/Yr (~ Rs. 85 Lakhs Saved Annually)

• The project has a potential of generating 10% of the total interior lighting consumption
• Payback period is only 3 years.

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 WHOLE BUILDING ENERGY SIMULATION
Parameter Business As Usual ECBC

Walls U-Value (Btu/hr Sqft F) 0.35 (9” Brick) 0.077

0.45 (Brick-Batt
Roof U-Value (Btu/hr Sqft F) 0.04
Coba & 6” Slab)
W.W.R. ~ 20 - 30 % <40%
Glazing U-Value (Btu/hr Sqft F) 1 0.5
S.H.G.C. 0.8 0.25
Interior Lighting (W/Sqft) 1.2 1.2

Equipment Power Density (W/Sqft) 2.5 2.5

Water Cooled Water Cooled

Chiller
Chiller / COP: 6.1 Chiller / COP: 6.1
44 F Supply / 54 F 44 F Supply / 54 F
Chilled Water Temperature (F)
Return Return
Constant Primary / Constant Primary /
Chilled Water Loops
Variable Secondary Variable Secondary
Twin Cell / Single Twin Cell / Two
Cooling Tower
Speed Fan Speed Fan

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 WINDOW TO WALL RATIO
Project’s Tipping Point ECBC WWR Project’s Tipping Point ECBC WWR
45 250

40
Savings in Energy Performance Index

35 200

Savings in Chiller Tonnage

30
(kWh/Sqm Yr)

150
25

20
100
15

10 50
5

0 0
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Window to Wall Ratio Window to Wall Ratio

• Saving of 40 kWh/Sqm Annually

• Saving of ~ 180 TR Chiller in Capital Cost

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 FENESTRATION SHADING & GLASS
ECBC Glass ECBC Glass
60 300
Savings in Energy Performance Index

50 250

Savings in Chiller Tonnage

40 200
(kWh/Sqm Yr)

30 150

20 100

10 50

0 0
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
FENESTRATION SHGC FENESTRATION SHGC

• Saving of 43 kWh/Sqm Annually

• Saving of ~ 200 TR Chiller in Capital Cost

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 GLAZING INSULATION
Clear Single Glazing ECBC Glass Double Glazing Clear Single Glazing ECBC Glass Double Glazing
1.4 40

35
Savings in Energy Performance Index

1.2

Savings in Chiller Tonnage

30
1.0
25
(kWh/Sqm Yr)

0.8
20
0.6
15
0.4
10

0.2 5

0.0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
External Glazing R-Value External Glazing R-Value

• Saving of 1 kWh/Sqm Annually

• Saving of ~ 20 TR Chiller in Capital Cost

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 WALL INSULATION
250mm AAC ECBC Wall 250mm AAC ECBC Wall
2.5 16
Savings in Energy Performance Index

14
2.0

Savings in Chiller Tonnage

12
(kWh/Sqm Yr)

1.5 10

8
1.0 6

4
0.5
2

0.0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
External Wall Insulation R-Value External Wall Insulation R-Value

• Saving of 1 kWh/Sqm Annually

• Saving of ~ 20 TR Chiller in Capital Cost

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 ENERGY SIMULATION SUMMARY
EPI Envelope Load Chiller Sizing
S.No Description
(kWh/Sq m Yr) (W/Sq ft) (Sq ft/TR)
1 Conventional Building 436 13.8 280
2 Daylight Harness (Sensors) 420 13.8 285
3 ECBC Roof U-Value: 0.065 Btu/Hr Sqft F 405 12.3 298
4 High Reflective Roof 405 12.1 300
5 External AAC wall U-Value: 0.12 Btu/Hr Sqft F 403 11.8 303
6 ECBC Walls U-Value: 0.07 Btu/Hr Sqft F 402 11.7 303
7 ECBC Glass U-Value: 0.5 & SHGC: 25% 358 5.8 366
8 DGU U-Value: 0.3 & SHGC: 25% 356 5.6 367
9 Horizontal shade 600mm 354 5.0 375
10 Horizontal shade 1200mm 354 4.4 380
11 WWR: 40% 349 3.1 395
12 WWR: 30% 347 2.8 399
13 Interior LPD: 0.8 W/Sqft (Fluorescent Lights) 325 2.8 413
14 Interior LPD: 0.5 W/Sqft (LED Lights) 309 2.8 424
15 Chiller COP: 6.3 307 2.8 424
16 Cooling Tower Fan – Two Speed 300 2.8 424
17 Cooling Tower Fan – VSD 298 2.8 424
18 Roof Top Solar PV – 590 kWp 290 2.8 424
• Capital Cost Savings - Rs. 4 Crores (650 TR Chiller Load Reduction)
• Annual Operational Energy Savings - Rs. 7.3 Crores (146 kWh/Sqm)
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 Thank You
Contact:

Akshay Gupta
Director, Passive Design Consultants
akshay.gupta@passivedesign.co.in
8826144226
Passive Design Consultants